BACKGROUND: White coat effect (WCE) and white coat hypertension (WCH) are relatively prevalent in clinical situation (20 - 57% of WCH in the hypertensive population). The aim of this study was to analyze the determinant factors of WCE. METHODS: A prospective study was carried out in outpatient clinic in a consecutive hypertensives without receiving pharmacologic treatment. Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed following more than two resting blood pressure (BP) determinations carried out with the interval of 1 - 2 weeks by mercury sphygmomanometer. WCE was calculated for systolic and diastolic BP as the difference between a clinic BP (CBP) and an average daytime ambulatory BP (ABP). WCH was defined as;BP in the clinic > or = 140/90 mmHg with a mean daytime BP by ABPM < or =137/< or =89 mmHg. RESULTS: 1) Two hundred thirty-five patients (mean age 49.7 years, females 74%) were studied. Thirty-seven percent in male and forty-six percent in female patients fulfilled WCH criteria. 2) CBP was significantly correlated to daytime ABP (systolic BP;r=.47, p<.001 and diastolic BP;r=.65, p<.001). 3) The magnitude of WCE was greater in the group of WCH (28.9+14.6/19.3+6.9 mmHg) than ambulatory hypertensives (15.1+15.7/13.0+8.2 mmHg) (p<.001). 4) The magnitude of WCE is significantly correlated with female (r2=.12, p<.001) and the stage of CBP according to JNC-V (r2=.23, p<.001) in systolic BP, the stage (r2=.08, p<.001) in diastolic BP, and the stage (r2=.09, p<.001) and weight (r2=.15, p<.01) in mean BP. CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of WCE in essential hypertension diagnosed at the clinic is significantly correlated with female, the magnitude of clinic BP, and weight.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Sphygmomanometers ; White Coat Hypertension

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Diverticulitis*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infertility* ; Luteinizing Hormone, beta Subunit*

OBJECTIVES: The reported incidence rate of varicella infection in Jeju-do is higher compared with the national average. This study aimed to examine varicella vaccination history and evaluate clinical manifestation of varicella cases in Jeju-do.METHODS: Based on the guideline suggested by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), two epidemic investigations for varicella infection were conducted in the first half of 2017. The history of varicella vaccination was confirmed using the Integrated Control System for Diseases and Health operated by the KCDC.RESULTS: Out of a total of 60 elementary school children as the study subjects, all had been previously vaccinated against varicella. Twenty cases (33%) showed mild clinical manifestations and no complications.CONCLUSIONS: As the government of Jeju-do has supplied a single-labeled vaccine since 2011, there is a need to evaluate the type of vaccination failure such as primary or secondary.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Chickenpox Vaccine ; Chickenpox ; Child ; Humans ; Immunization ; Incidence ; Jeju-do ; Korea ; Vaccination

OBJECTIVES: The reported incidence rate of varicella infection in Jeju-do is higher compared with the national average. This study aimed to examine varicella vaccination history and evaluate clinical manifestation of varicella cases in Jeju-do. METHODS: Based on the guideline suggested by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), two epidemic investigations for varicella infection were conducted in the first half of 2017. The history of varicella vaccination was confirmed using the Integrated Control System for Diseases and Health operated by the KCDC. RESULTS: Out of a total of 60 elementary school children as the study subjects, all had been previously vaccinated against varicella. Twenty cases (33%) showed mild clinical manifestations and no complications. CONCLUSIONS: As the government of Jeju-do has supplied a single-labeled vaccine since 2011, there is a need to evaluate the type of vaccination failure such as primary or secondary.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Chickenpox Vaccine ; Chickenpox* ; Child* ; Humans ; Immunization ; Incidence ; Jeju-do ; Korea* ; Vaccination*

The hypotensive effect and side reactions of captopril (combination with hydrochlorthiazide in some cases) were evaluated in 42 patients with essential hypertension. The results were as follows: 1) Before medication and after 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks of medication, the over all average systolic & diastolic pressure were 178.2+/-42.6/111.3+/-21.1, 150.6+/-36.2/95.2+/-34.5, 140.3+/-31.4/93.6+/-24.3, 135.6+/-28.6/90.6+/-17.1, 130.9+/-20.5/87.9+/-16.4, 128.7+/-24.0/86.4+/-15.3mmHg respectively. After 10 weeks of medication, marked or moderate degree of hypotensive effect was observed in 98% of all cases (systolic pressure), 93% of all cases (diastolic pressure)(P<0.001, P<0.001). 2) There was no significant changes in heart rates before and after treatment. 3) There was no side effects which required discontinuing the medication, decreasing the dose or other treatment for side effects.
Blood Pressure ; Captopril* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension

BACKGROUND: Many countries have been legally prescribing health warning messages on cigarette packages as a part of their national policy of smoking cessation. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness for smoking cessation of graphic health warning labels, and compare them with the existing health warning messages. METHODS: From February to December 2002, we surveyed 103 smokers who were college students of fine arts. After letfing them see the graphic health warning labels, the self recorded questionnaires were collected. RESULTS: The effectiveness for the smoking cessation of the existing health warning messages was evaluated low, despite its wide recognition. But there was no difference between the visual effect and the effectiveness for the smoking cessation of the graphic health warning labels. The graphic health warning labels were more effective for the smoking cessation than the existing health warning messages, and it was the same in the subgroup analysis such as sex, degree of recognition of disease, and non- smoking planning. CONCLUSION: To quit smoking, it is reasonably concluded that the graphic health warning labels on cigarette packages was very effective. Hereafter, it is recommended more useful designs of graphic health warning labels be developed.
Humans ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation ; Smoking* ; Tobacco Products*

Recurrent disc herniation and postoperative fibrosis are the main disease entities causing failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has become a major diagnostic modality in differentiating the two. To observe the variable entities of FBSS and their MR findings, we retrospectively analyzed 15 MR images in 12 patients. The causes of FBSS were as follows; normal (no organic cause), fibrosis, new or recurrent disc herniation, discitis, osteomyelitis, inflammation at operation site, epidural abscess, arachnoiditis, and hematoma. Except a case of hematoma, gadolinium enhancement scan was necessary and informative in the diagnosis of FBSS and MR imaging only was not enough in the diagnosis of arachnoiditis.
Arachnoid ; Arachnoiditis ; Diagnosis ; Discitis ; Epidural Abscess ; Failed Back Surgery Syndrome* ; Fibrosis ; Gadolinium ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Osteomyelitis ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome* ; Pregnancy* ; Renal Dialysis*

The 8 kDa antigenic protein of Clonorchis sinensis was partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and subsequently by a column chromatographic steps. The purified protein was separated into 7 and 8 kDa protein bands through SDS-tricine gel electrophoresis, while the protein was found to migrate to a 8 kDa band in 7.5-15% SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the antigen was estimated to be 110 kDa by Superose 6 HR 10/30 gel filtration. The purified antigen strongly reacted with the human sera of clonorchiasis. The hyperimmune sera of BALB/c mice immunized against the 8 kDa protein were reacted with both the crude extract and the excretory-secretory product of adult worms, but not with the metacercarial extract. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the protein was distributed to the tegument and subtegumental cells and also to the seminal receptacle. The present findings suggest that the 8 kDa protein is a partition of the multicomplex protein originating from various organs of adult C. sinensis, and that it is composed of several 7 and 8 kDa proteins.
Animals ; Antigens, Helminth/immunology/*isolation & purification/metabolism ; Clonorchiasis/immunology ; Clonorchis sinensis/anatomy & histology/*immunology/metabolism ; Helminth Proteins/immunology/*isolation & purification/metabolism ; Human ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Weight ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't