When.direct approximation of the ends of the injured nerves is impossible, nerve autografting is widely used in these days. Authors tried to observe nerve regeneration in time sequence of nerve autografting and tried to find out the most optimal time for nerve autografting in experimental study. The Sprague-Dawley mice were used in performing nerve autografting and it performed with the segment of the opposite sciatic nerve as a donor nerve after resection of a sciatic nerve. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The regeneration of axon can be observed well in the first observation of 2 weeks after nerve autografting within 2 days, but active myelination can be observed apparently 4 weeks after grafting. 2. The groups of grafting within 2 days after nerve resection showed more rapid nerve regeneration and less atrophy of the reinnervated skeletal muscle than the groups of grafting over 1 week after nerve resection did. 3. In case which has been grafted at 4 weeks after nerve resection, there was abundant axonal proliferation at 4 weeks after grafting. 4. Changes of the reinnervated skeletal muscle in the groups of grafting within 2 days were subtle, but the groups of grafting after 1 week showed irregular neurogenic atrophy although nerve regeneration has been active at 8 weeks after grafting. 5. Although the functional effect can not be evaluated exactly, the result of autograft showed relatively good evidence of nerve regeneration even after grafting has been performed 16 weeks after the nerve injury.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Autografts ; Axons ; Humans ; Mice ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Regeneration ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration ; Sciatic Nerve ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Transplants

Most obviuos will be the several anatomic differences between the proximal femur of the child and the adult. Fractures of the femoral neck in the children are extremely rsre and usually are the result of severe trauma in 80% of the cases. This accounts for the high frequency of serious associated injuries. In this injury the vascular anatomy changing with age, continuing growth potential and the effect of deforming forces play critical roles in high complication rate and these make treatment difficult. But still any secure guidelines for the treatment of this injury are not established and this is a field which requires more active research and further progress in future. 26 cases treated at Paik Hospital from Jan. 1979 to June 1988 were analyzed in clinical and radiological aspect and the following results were obtained. 1. The commonest type was Cervicotrochanteric fracture in 13 cases(50%),displaced one 21 cases. 2. In Transepiphyseal, Transcervical and Cervicotrochanteric fracture by early reduction and internal fixation, and in Intertrochanteric fracture by conservative treatment we gained satisfactory results. 3. We experienced 2 cases of coxa vara in nonthreaded pin used cases, 4 cases of premature epiphseal closure and 4 cases of avascular necrosis in threaded pin used ones. 4. Complications were developed in 13 cases (50%). These were 5 cases of coxa vara(19.2%) 4 cases of premature epiphyseal closure (15.4%) and 4 cases of avascul necrosis (15.4%). 5. Avascykar necrosis was developed in displaced fracture of Transcervical or Cervico- trochanteric fracture beyond postoperative 1 year. So. we recommend periodic long follow up for evaluation of avascular necrosis.
Adult ; Child ; Clinical Study ; Coxa Vara ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Necrosis

The ankle joint is a modified complex hinge joint which plays an important role in weight bearing, walking and standing. Injuries about the ankle joint cause destruction of not only bony architecture but often also the ligamentous and soft tissue component. So the goal of the treatment of ankle fracture is restoring normal relations of ankle mortise and regaining a smooth articular surface. The author have reviewed 84 cases of ankle fractures which were treated through the admission in the Orthopedic Department, In Je Medical College Pusan Paik Hospital from June 1979 to August 1986. The average duration of the follow-up was one year. The results obtained from this study were as follows : 1. The most common type was Danis-Weber type C. Nexts were B and A in order. According to the classification of Lauge-Hansen, the most common type was Pronation-external rotstion(39.2%). 2. In Danis-Weber type B and C, satisfactory result was obtained by operative treatment. 3. Danis-Weber's classification was very practical criteria for treatment of the ankle fracture.
Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Joint ; Ankle ; Busan ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Follow-Up Studies ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Orthopedics ; Walking ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Fetal Development* ; Pregnancy*

This study was performed to determine effectiveness and safety of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation for control of intraocular pressure in patients that had not responded to medical treatment and previous glaucoma surgery. Thirty eyes of 30 patients who had undergone Ahmed glaucoma valve implant surgery between April 1996 and October 1997 were reviewed retrospectively. Intraocular pressure(IOP) was reduced from a mean of 35.3+/-13.0mmHg to 14.3+/-5.9 mmHg at follow-up intervals of 6 to 28 months(mean 13.2+/-4.9 months). In 26 eyes(86.7%) IOP could be controlled between 6mmHg and 21mmHg. When surgical success was defined as IOP less than 22mmHg and greater than 5mmHg with or without medications, 9 and 12-months life table success rate(6< OR =IOP< OR =21mmHg) were 89.4% and 85.0%, respectively. Postoperative comlications included shallow anterior chamber in four eyes(13.3%), hypotony in two eyes(6.7%), hyphema in two eyes(6.7%), temporarily uncontrolled IOP(>21mmHg) in two eyes(6.7%), hyphema in two eyes(6.7%), blocked tube in two eyes(6.7%) and anterior chamber inflammation in one eye(3.3%). The result of this study suggests that the Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation is effective in lowering the IOP in patients with intractable glaucoma. However, this drainage device does not climinate early postoperative hypotony with its attendant complication.
Anterior Chamber ; Drainage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Inflammation ; Intraocular Pressure ; Life Tables ; Retrospective Studies

This study was performed to determine effectiveness and safety of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation for control of intraocular pressure in patients that had not responded to medical treatment and previous glaucoma surgery. Thirty eyes of 30 patients who had undergone Ahmed glaucoma valve implant surgery between April 1996 and October 1997 were reviewed retrospectively. Intraocular pressure(IOP) was reduced from a mean of 35.3+/-13.0mmHg to 14.3+/-5.9 mmHg at follow-up intervals of 6 to 28 months(mean 13.2+/-4.9 months). In 26 eyes(86.7%) IOP could be controlled between 6mmHg and 21mmHg. When surgical success was defined as IOP less than 22mmHg and greater than 5mmHg with or without medications, 9 and 12-months life table success rate(6< OR =IOP< OR =21mmHg) were 89.4% and 85.0%, respectively. Postoperative comlications included shallow anterior chamber in four eyes(13.3%), hypotony in two eyes(6.7%), hyphema in two eyes(6.7%), temporarily uncontrolled IOP(>21mmHg) in two eyes(6.7%), hyphema in two eyes(6.7%), blocked tube in two eyes(6.7%) and anterior chamber inflammation in one eye(3.3%). The result of this study suggests that the Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation is effective in lowering the IOP in patients with intractable glaucoma. However, this drainage device does not climinate early postoperative hypotony with its attendant complication.
Anterior Chamber ; Drainage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Inflammation ; Intraocular Pressure ; Life Tables ; Retrospective Studies

We have studied the overcorrection, undercorrection, astigmatic change and its incidence on time sequence after the excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy, and its relation with the degree of preoperative myopia, sex, and age. The study has been done with 429 eyes which we could assess for 6 months or more after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy of myopia from July 1993 to march 1997. Overcorrection of more than -1D was common during the early postoperative periods and then gradually decreased with time. Overcorrection has been seen in 261 eyes(60.84%) after 1 month, but only 33 eyes(13.47%) after 1 year, and 13 eyes(11.02%) after 2 years. Undercorrection has been seen in 2 eyes(0.47%) after 1 month, but 25 eyes(10.20%) after 1 year, and 20 eyes(16.95%) after 2 years. Surgically induced astigmatism increased to 0.54+/-0.84D after 10 days and then decreased 0.19+/-0.75D after 12 months. Also, surgical induced astigmatism developed 1.13+/-1.10D in 247 eyes (57.58%) after 1 month, but decreased 0.89+/-0.45D in 107 eyes(43.67%) after 12 months. The occurrence of overcorrection and undercorrection was related to the severity of preoperative myopia(p<0.05), but with sex and age, it had no statistical correlation(p>0.05). The amount of postoperative astigmatism was related to preoperative astigmatism(p<0.05), but it had no statistical correlation with the degree of preoperative myopia, age, sex, and development and increase of surgically induced astigmatism(p>0.05).
Astigmatism ; Incidence ; Lasers, Excimer* ; Myopia* ; Photorefractive Keratectomy* ; Postoperative Period

Plasma col1 leukemia with motility-related morphological behavior is rarely studied. The plasma cells have variable degrees of cytoplasmic morphologies as dairy Projections, long extensions and pseudopods. These morphological evidences show the papa bility of wide spread and dissemination of disease itself. We present a case of a 38 year old woman who had back pain for 4 months and was diagnosed as a solitary plasmacytoma of the third lumbar vertebra. In spite of resection of the tumor and chemotherapy, the plasmacytoma was disseminated into both breasts and ovaries within less than a year. On her blood examination, we counted 34% of plasma cells in peripheral blood and 91.6% of plasma cells in bone marrow aspiration. Most of them resealed hairy projections and pseudopods of the cytoplasm.
Adult ; Back Pain ; Bone Marrow ; Breast ; Cytoplasm ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Plasma Cell* ; Ovary ; Plasma Cells* ; Plasma* ; Plasmacytoma ; Spine

The Korean 30 glaucoma patients, 38 eyes were examined. The intraocular pressure was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometer. It was estimated that the intraocular pressure drop rate by instillation of 0.5% timolol eye drops was average 27.7% compared to the intraocular pressure of pre-treatment. There were no significant correlation between intraocular pressure drop rate by instillation of 0.5% timolol eye drops and the height of intraocular pressure of pre-treatment. It was considered that there will be needed some other glaucoma medication added to 0.5% timolol eye drops when pre-treatment intraocular pressure is over the 40mmHg. No any significant side-effects of drug was observed.
Glaucoma ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Timolol*

We report 22 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia treated with transurethral balloon dilation and followed for six months thereafter. Of these 22 patients, 15 patients(68.2%) demonstrated significant improvement in modified Boyarsky symptom score and/or corrected peak flow rate on six months follow-up.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prostatic Hyperplasia