Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is caused by Pneumocystis carinii. It usually occurs in premature or debilitated infants. Recently sporadic cases of human disease in patients who have been on long term steroid therapy, cytotoxic drug therapy, immunosuppressive drug were significantly increased. We recently experienced 35 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infants of an institution for foreign adoption in three epidemic period of Feb.1979, Mar. 1980, and Jan. 1980. The clinical review of 35 cases was made. Patients' age was between 1 to 4 months. Twenty-one cases (60%) occurred in 2-month-old infants. Many patients were included in poor weight gain and development. The common symptoms were tachypnea, cyanosis, restlessness, cough, diarrhea in order of frequency. The roentgenological findings were classified into three groups. normal finding, pulmonary emphysema only, and various forms of pneumonic infiltration. The roentgenological findings were somewhat characteristic. The most common finding (24 cases) showed streaky and mottled densities which began in both hill and were spreaded peripherally. The pneumonic infiltrations were spared peripheral lung, but progressed to total involvement. The prominence between alveolar and interstitial infiltration was almostly equal when patients were admitted. Nineteen cases (54%) showed pulmonary emphysema.
Cough ; Cyanosis ; Diarrhea ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; Pneumocystis carinii ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; Tachypnea ; Weight Gain

No abstract available.
Gemfibrozil* ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*

A 19 yar-old male patient was admitted to the department of neurology in Severance hospital beause of slowly progressive spastic paraparesis. On examination, dark brown skin color, sparse hair, spastic weakness and hypesthesia of lower extremities were noted. The laboratory studies showed high serum ACTH level with lowest normal limit of serum cortisol level. Brain MRI scan revealed high signal intensities in bilateral corticospinal tracts on T, Weighted images with gadolinium enhancement and T2eighted images. The results of three modal evoked potential studies(SEP. BAEP. VEP) were abnormal bilaterally. Nerve conduction studies and sural nerve biopsy suggested the presence of peripheral neuropathy.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Adrenoleukodystrophy* ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Evoked Potentials ; Gadolinium ; Hair ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hypesthesia ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Muscle Spasticity ; Neural Conduction ; Neurology ; Paraparesis, Spastic ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Pyramidal Tracts ; Skin ; Sural Nerve

Dermatoglyphics (fingerprints, palmprints, and palm creases) are helpful in early diagnosis of numeral aberrations of chromosome, each of which has specific dermatoglyphic characteristics. In this study, for early diagnosis of numeral aberrations of chromosome in the Korean population, the dermatoglyphic characteristics of the Korean patients who had various numeral aberrations of chromosome were compared with those of the normal Korean people. The hands of 28 Korean patients, who were previously diagnosed to have numeral aberrations of chromosome (24 Down, 1 Turner, 2 Klinefelter, and 1 cri du chat syndromes) by karyotyping, were imprinted to the paper using watersoluble ink; their dermatoglyphic characteristics were analyzed, and compared with those of 3,216 normal Korean people. In fingerprints of the patients with Down syndrome, ulnar loop pattern was frequent whereas whorl pattern was infrequent, which was more prominent in Mongolian than in Caucasian. In palmprints of the patients with Down syndrome, distances not only between a and b but also between b and c were short; and D was frequently found to traverse the palm. In palm creases of the patients with Down syndrome, palm creases were frequently found to join together; and the total degree of transversality of the normal and simian creases was high whereas that of the Sydney crease was low. In fingerprints of the patients with Turner (XO) and Kinefelter (XXY) syndromes, the X chromosome count was inversely proportional to the total ridge count. These results showed that there is a close relationship between dermatoglyphics and numeral aberrations of chromosome in the Korean population. In order to use dermatoglyphics as a more helpful diagnostic tool, dermatoglyphics of the more patients with numeral aberrations of chromosome should be analyzed using various methods.
Dermatoglyphics* ; Down Syndrome ; Early Diagnosis ; Hand ; Humans ; Ink ; Karyotyping ; X Chromosome

To evaluate the coronary vasomotor tone in vasospasic angina, we compared the diameters of non-spastic segments of vasospastic group with those of control group. The internal diameters of each segment of three major coronary arteries were measured on the basal coronary angiogram, and nitroglycerin administration after provocation with ergonovine or acetylcholine. The vasospastic angina group consisted of 26 patients(20 males, 6 females, mean age of 54 years) and control group consisted of 25 patients (7 males, 18 females, mean age of 55 years). The basal coronary arterial diameters in vasospastic angina group were smaller than those in control group(p<0.05) except the distal segment of right coronary artery. The percent dilation ratio in vasospastic angina group was greater than that in control group(p<0.05). In vasospastic angina group there was no significant difference in the degree of constriction after provocation with ergonovine or acetylcholine between proximal and distal segment. These observations suggest that in vasospastic angina, basal coronary arterial tone is increased in the entire coronary arterial tree and the localized spasm may reflect local hyperrespon siveness.
Acetylcholine ; Constriction ; Coronary Vessels ; Ergonovine ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nitroglycerin ; Spasm

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to find out what clinicopathologic or immunohistochemical parameter that may affect FDG uptake of primary tumor in PET/CT scan of the gastric carcinoma patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-nine patients with stomach cancer who underwent pre-operative FDG PET/CT scans were included. In cases with perceptible FDG uptake in primary tumor, the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was calculated. The clinicopathologic results such as depth of invasion (T stage), tumor size, lymph node metastasis, tumor differentiation and Lauren's classification and immunohistochemical markers such as Ki-67 index, expression of p53, EGFR, Cathepsin D, c-erb-B2 and COX-2 were reviewed. RESULTS: Nineteen out of 89 gastric carcinomas showed imperceptible FDG uptake on PET/CT images. In cases with perceptible FDG uptake in primary tumor, SUVmax was significantly higher in T2, T3 and T4 tumors than T1 tumors (5.8+/-3.1 vs. 3.7+/-2.1, p=0.002). SUVmax of large tumors (above or equal to 3 cm) was also significantly higher than SUVmax of small ones (less than 3 cm) (5.7+/-3.2 vs. 3.7+/-2.0, p=0.002). The intestinal types of gastric carcinomas according to Lauren showed higher FDG uptake compared to the non-intestinal types (5.4+/-2.8 vs. 3.7+/-1.3, p=0.003). SUVmax between p53 positive group and negative group was significantly different (6.0+/-2.8 vs. 4.4+/-3.0, p=0.035). No significant difference was found in presence of LN metastasis, tumor differentiation, Ki-67 index, and expression of EGFR, Cathepsin D, c-erb-B2 and COX-2. CONCLUSION: T stage of gastric carcinoma influenced the detectability of gastric cancer on FDG PET/CT scan. When gastric carcinoma was perceptible on PET/CT scan, T stage, size of primary tumor, Lauren's classification and p53 expression were related to degree of FDG uptake in primary tumor.
Cathepsin D ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach Neoplasms

Fetus-in-fetu (FIF) is a rare congenital condition in which a fetiform mass is detected in the host abdomen and also in other sites such as the intracranium, thorax, head, and neck. This condition has been rarely reported in the literature. Herein, we report the case of a fetus presenting with abdominal cystic mass and ascites and prenatally diagnosed as meconium pseudocyst. Explorative laparotomy revealed an irregular fetiform mass in the retroperitoneum within a fluid-filled cyst. The mass contained intestinal tract, liver, pancreas, and finger. Fetal abdominal cystic mass has been identified in a broad spectrum of diseases. However, as in our case, FIF is often overlooked during differential diagnosis. FIF should also be differentiated from other conditions associated with fetal abdominal masses.
Abdomen ; Ascites ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Fetus ; Fingers ; Head ; Laparotomy ; Liver ; Meconium ; Neck ; Pancreas ; Peritonitis ; Thorax

This article describes the normal range of orbital linear dimensions (eq. orbital breadths, orbital height, orbital depth, interorbital breadths and biorbital breadth) and orbital indicies. One hundred and eighty-seven Korean skulls from grown-up individuals are studied with analysis for the purpose of evaluating anthropometric characteristics of Korean orbits. The results are compared to previously published data for modern Korean skulls. The width of the orbit is larger on the right side than the left and sexual difference was also shown. On the other hand, the heights of both orbits are much the same. Consequently, there is a slight tendency that chamaeconch is met with more frequently on the right side, whilst hypsiconch on the left side. The orbital depth is larger on the right side, however, depth index did not show any side difference. There are sexual differences on the biorbital breadth and upper facial breadth but not on the interorbital breadth on the basis of dacryon. These results represent the asymmetry of Korean orbit and that measurement on both sides must be necessary for anthropological comparison.
Adult* ; Hand ; Humans ; Orbit* ; Reference Values ; Skull*

A 73-year-old man presented with a chief complaint of progressive left knee pain for two months. He had a history of total thyroidectomy and central lymph node dissection due to papillary thyroid carcinoma three months ago. MRI images revealed a solid mass in the left patella. A solid mass demonstrated low signal on T1 weighed image, and high signal on T2 weighed image. And whole body bone scan showed focal photon defect in same lesion of left patella. The histologic result of left knee lesion was adenocarcinoma, consistent with metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. Although patellar metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is very rare, when knee pain and radiologic abnormality are noted, differential diagnosis of metastasis is necessary.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Carcinoma ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Knee ; Lymph Node Excision ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Patella ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroidectomy

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis*