No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms* ; Tuberculosis, Pleural*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Encephalitis, Arbovirus* ; Humans

Korean Ginseng (Panax C.A. Meyer) has survived empirical efficacy as tonic and geriatric agents for several thousands of years in oriental herbal medicine. But there has been numerous controversial reports about its use in aged hypertensive men due to its allegedly hypertensive effects. Therefore, the author conducted the pharmacological studies of Korean Ginseng extracts on the blood pressure and blood lipid metabolism, during development of hypertension, using SHR(Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat), counterpart model of human essential hypertension. The results obtained were as follows: 1. SHR could be grouped, according to their age, as prehypertensive stage(<6th week after birth), labile hypertensive stage(6th 14th week), early established hypertensive stage(14th-20th week), and late established hypertensive stage(>20th week). 2. Plasma renin activity tended to rise steadily, until established hypertensive stage was reached. Thereafter, plasma renin activity tended to decline. 3. The changes of blood pressure due to Ginseng extract, depended on the amount, route and duration of its administration. Low dose of Ginseng tended to increase blood pressure but high dose of Ginseng tended to decrease blood pressure, until 1 week of intraperitonal administration. But prolonged administration of Ginseng extract beyond 1 week, showed delayed hypertensive effect in the intraperitoneal administration but not in oral administration. 4. SHR seemed to have abnormalities in the lipid metabolism. SHR showed lowered level of serum cholesterol and phospholipid, whereas slightly higher level of triglyceride, and showed lower alpha-lipoprotin fraction but higher pre beta-lipoprotein fraction, as compared with NCR.(=Normal Control Rat). 5. When high fat cholesterol salt diet was fed on, it was possible to indece hyperlidemia and increment of hypertension in SHR. but when high fat cholesterol salt diet and Ginseng extract were fed on concomitantly, Ginseng showed significant inhibiting effect on the development of hyperlidemia and hypertension.
Administration, Oral ; Blood Pressure* ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Herbal Medicine ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Lipid Metabolism* ; Male ; Panax* ; Plasma ; Rats, Inbred SHR* ; Renin ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.
Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic* ; Aortic Coarctation*

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is caused by Pneumocystis carinii. It usually occurs in premature or debilitated infants. Recently sporadic cases of human disease in patients who have been on long term steroid therapy, cytotoxic drug therapy, immunosuppressive drug were significantly increased. We recently experienced 35 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infants of an institution for foreign adoption in three epidemic period of Feb.1979, Mar. 1980, and Jan. 1980. The clinical review of 35 cases was made. Patients' age was between 1 to 4 months. Twenty-one cases (60%) occurred in 2-month-old infants. Many patients were included in poor weight gain and development. The common symptoms were tachypnea, cyanosis, restlessness, cough, diarrhea in order of frequency. The roentgenological findings were classified into three groups. normal finding, pulmonary emphysema only, and various forms of pneumonic infiltration. The roentgenological findings were somewhat characteristic. The most common finding (24 cases) showed streaky and mottled densities which began in both hill and were spreaded peripherally. The pneumonic infiltrations were spared peripheral lung, but progressed to total involvement. The prominence between alveolar and interstitial infiltration was almostly equal when patients were admitted. Nineteen cases (54%) showed pulmonary emphysema.
Cough ; Cyanosis ; Diarrhea ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; Pneumocystis carinii ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; Tachypnea ; Weight Gain

A 26-year-old male has experienced repeated pruritic and burning erythema and edema over the exposed areas of the skin, especially on the face and hands, after sunlight exposure. He stated that his father, three aunts, and three sisters had similar sunlight sensitivity. The face showed tiny whitish scars. And also there were hypopigmented scars on the dorsum of the hands. Characteristic laboratory findings were as followa: RBC, plasma and stool fluoresced coral red color under the Woods light. 100ml of the RBC contained 245 pg of protoporphyrin. On photosensitive test using sunlight for 60 rninutes, there developed painful sensation at 4 minutes and 40 seconds after exposure, erythema at 12 minutes after, and edema at 20 minutes after. Pathological findings of the specimen obtained from erythematous lesion of the forehead revealed hypergranulosis and acanthosis in the epidermis and perivascular thickening and hyalin deposit around the capillaries in the upper dermis. For treatment, avoidance of exposure to sunlight was recomrnended and symptomatic therapy was tried.
Adult ; Anthozoa ; Burns ; Capillaries ; Cicatrix ; Dermis ; Edema ; Epidermis ; Erythema ; Fathers ; Forehead ; Hand ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Male ; Plasma ; Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic* ; Sensation ; Siblings ; Skin ; Sunlight ; Wood

No abstract available.
Myasthenia Gravis* ; Pregnancy*

We presented here a case of an 80-year-old male patient who was, confirmed in the typical tumor stage of Mycosis fungoide by skin biopay. Relatively well-defined, brown-colored, round patches were found about 3 years ago on the chest, abdomen and inguinal area. He had received some treatment at several private clinics uder the impression of seborrheic dermatitis, paoriaais and eczematoid dermatitis. However, the skin manifestations were not improved t.ut rarther increased in eize, similarly to tinea corporis. Two months ago, firm nodules and tumors developecl a new on the lesinn sites, assoviated with intense pruritus and ulcerative tendency. We tried radiation therapy, but due to old age the patient chose to discontinurue.
Abdomen ; Aged, 80 and over ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Humans ; Male ; Mycosis Fungoides* ; Pruritus ; Skin ; Skin Manifestations ; Thorax ; Tinea ; Ulcer

The increasing number of patients with depression is a serious social issue in contemporary Korean society. To fully understand the pathophysiology of depression, this paper reviewed how depression affects the decision making process of humans. Various recent studies in behavioral economics, mathematics, medicine, and neurobiology have shown how humans make decisions and how emotional disturbances, such as depressive disorder, affect this process. There has been great progress in behavioral economics during this decade, and numerous experiments have been designed to evaluate decision making process in humans. In general, economic decision making is evaluated using the Iowa Gambling Task, and social decision making is assessed using the ultimatum game. Numerous research studies have analyzed the performance and reaction of patients with depression in these games. As a result of the advancement of neurophysiology, research has successfully identified the part of the brain that causes the specific results of tests being conducted on patients with depression. Meanwhile, computational neuroscientists have established decision making models based on bayesian framework. These models also match with the neuroanatomy. Although a large part remains unclear, researchers look forward to achieving a better understanding in depression by analyzing the distinct patterns of responses that patients under depression show in the experiment of behavioral economics.
Affective Symptoms ; Brain ; Decision Making* ; Depression* ; Depressive Disorder ; Economics, Behavioral ; Gambling ; Humans ; Interdisciplinary Studies ; Iowa ; Mathematics ; Neuroanatomy ; Neurobiology ; Neurophysiology

Cesarean hysterectomy remains a necessary procedure for life saving during intractable obstetric hemorrhage. The procedure itself is usually associated with considerable perioperative morbidity, especially when performed under emergency conditions. In this study, the outcomes of 15 cases of cesarean hysterectomy performed at Catholic university of Taegu-Hyosung hospital for 5 years from January, 1993 to December, 1997 were reviewed. There were 22,251 deliveries during this period, cesarean hysterectomy was performed in 13 of 5,753 cesarean section(0.22%) and in 2 of 16,698 vaginal deliveries(0.12%), so more frequently after cesarean section than vaginal deliveries. The age of patients varied from 23 to 39 years old. The higher the age of patients, the higher incidence of cesarean hysterectomy was noted. The most common indication of emergency cesarean hysterectomy was in uterine atony(53.3%), followed by placental disorders(33.3%), uterine rupture(6.7%), and uterine myoma with pregnancy (6.7%). All patients who had cesarean hysterectomy received transfusion from 3 pints to 13 pints. In aspect of fetal outcomes, live birth were 12 cases(80%), one case was fetal death in utero(6.6%), 2 infants were dead during the early neonatal period(13.3%) due to prematurity and RDS (respiratory distress syndrome), so the perinatal mortality rate was 20.0%. The postoperative complications were wound disruption, hematoma, febrile morbidity and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy.
Adult ; Cesarean Section ; Emergencies ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Incidence ; Infant ; Leiomyoma ; Live Birth ; Perinatal Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Pregnancy ; Wounds and Injuries