No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms* ; Tuberculosis, Pleural*

Korean Ginseng (Panax C.A. Meyer) has survived empirical efficacy as tonic and geriatric agents for several thousands of years in oriental herbal medicine. But there has been numerous controversial reports about its use in aged hypertensive men due to its allegedly hypertensive effects. Therefore, the author conducted the pharmacological studies of Korean Ginseng extracts on the blood pressure and blood lipid metabolism, during development of hypertension, using SHR(Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat), counterpart model of human essential hypertension. The results obtained were as follows: 1. SHR could be grouped, according to their age, as prehypertensive stage(<6th week after birth), labile hypertensive stage(6th 14th week), early established hypertensive stage(14th-20th week), and late established hypertensive stage(>20th week). 2. Plasma renin activity tended to rise steadily, until established hypertensive stage was reached. Thereafter, plasma renin activity tended to decline. 3. The changes of blood pressure due to Ginseng extract, depended on the amount, route and duration of its administration. Low dose of Ginseng tended to increase blood pressure but high dose of Ginseng tended to decrease blood pressure, until 1 week of intraperitonal administration. But prolonged administration of Ginseng extract beyond 1 week, showed delayed hypertensive effect in the intraperitoneal administration but not in oral administration. 4. SHR seemed to have abnormalities in the lipid metabolism. SHR showed lowered level of serum cholesterol and phospholipid, whereas slightly higher level of triglyceride, and showed lower alpha-lipoprotin fraction but higher pre beta-lipoprotein fraction, as compared with NCR.(=Normal Control Rat). 5. When high fat cholesterol salt diet was fed on, it was possible to indece hyperlidemia and increment of hypertension in SHR. but when high fat cholesterol salt diet and Ginseng extract were fed on concomitantly, Ginseng showed significant inhibiting effect on the development of hyperlidemia and hypertension.
Administration, Oral ; Blood Pressure* ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Herbal Medicine ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Lipid Metabolism* ; Male ; Panax* ; Plasma ; Rats, Inbred SHR* ; Renin ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.
Child* ; Encephalitis, Arbovirus* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic* ; Aortic Coarctation*

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is caused by Pneumocystis carinii. It usually occurs in premature or debilitated infants. Recently sporadic cases of human disease in patients who have been on long term steroid therapy, cytotoxic drug therapy, immunosuppressive drug were significantly increased. We recently experienced 35 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infants of an institution for foreign adoption in three epidemic period of Feb.1979, Mar. 1980, and Jan. 1980. The clinical review of 35 cases was made. Patients' age was between 1 to 4 months. Twenty-one cases (60%) occurred in 2-month-old infants. Many patients were included in poor weight gain and development. The common symptoms were tachypnea, cyanosis, restlessness, cough, diarrhea in order of frequency. The roentgenological findings were classified into three groups. normal finding, pulmonary emphysema only, and various forms of pneumonic infiltration. The roentgenological findings were somewhat characteristic. The most common finding (24 cases) showed streaky and mottled densities which began in both hill and were spreaded peripherally. The pneumonic infiltrations were spared peripheral lung, but progressed to total involvement. The prominence between alveolar and interstitial infiltration was almostly equal when patients were admitted. Nineteen cases (54%) showed pulmonary emphysema.
Cough ; Cyanosis ; Diarrhea ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; Pneumocystis carinii ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; Tachypnea ; Weight Gain

Cesarean hysterectomy remains a necessary procedure for life saving during intractable obstetric hemorrhage. The procedure itself is usually associated with considerable perioperative morbidity, especially when performed under emergency conditions. In this study, the outcomes of 15 cases of cesarean hysterectomy performed at Catholic university of Taegu-Hyosung hospital for 5 years from January, 1993 to December, 1997 were reviewed. There were 22,251 deliveries during this period, cesarean hysterectomy was performed in 13 of 5,753 cesarean section(0.22%) and in 2 of 16,698 vaginal deliveries(0.12%), so more frequently after cesarean section than vaginal deliveries. The age of patients varied from 23 to 39 years old. The higher the age of patients, the higher incidence of cesarean hysterectomy was noted. The most common indication of emergency cesarean hysterectomy was in uterine atony(53.3%), followed by placental disorders(33.3%), uterine rupture(6.7%), and uterine myoma with pregnancy (6.7%). All patients who had cesarean hysterectomy received transfusion from 3 pints to 13 pints. In aspect of fetal outcomes, live birth were 12 cases(80%), one case was fetal death in utero(6.6%), 2 infants were dead during the early neonatal period(13.3%) due to prematurity and RDS (respiratory distress syndrome), so the perinatal mortality rate was 20.0%. The postoperative complications were wound disruption, hematoma, febrile morbidity and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy.
Adult ; Cesarean Section ; Emergencies ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Incidence ; Infant ; Leiomyoma ; Live Birth ; Perinatal Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Pregnancy ; Wounds and Injuries

Effects of beta-adrenergic blockers and related agents were investigated on experimental convulsions of chicks induced with strychnine, pentylenetetrazol or electroshock and on thiopental sleeping time of rabbits. Convulsions of chicks due to strychnine were significantly inhibited by all beta-adrenergic blockers except dichloroisopreterenol. Propranolol inhibited electroshock convulsion as well, but none of the blockers inhibited pentylenetetrazol convulsion. Furthermore, the mortality of chicks due to large dose of pentylenetetrazol was greatly increased by treatment of beta-adrenergic blockers. Pindolol alone showed diazepam-like anticonvulsive effect against low doses of pentylenetetrazol. Pretreatment with beta-adrenergic blockers caused a marked increase in thiopental sleeping time in rabbits. Prolongation of thiopental sleep due to propranolol was abolished by premedication of animals with reserpine or tranylcypromine. Thiopental sleeping time was prolonged by Zizyphus extract, though less effective than beta-adrenergic blockers. It is felt that the anticonvulsive or sleep enhancing effect of beta-adrenergic blocking agents has an intimate relationship with endogenous adrenergic amines and the receptors.
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology* ; Anesthesia ; Animal ; Anticonvulsants* ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Chickens ; Convulsions/chemically induced ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Male ; Propranolol/pharmacology* ; Rabbits ; Strychnine/antagonists & inhibitors ; Thiopental

BACKGROUND: Tracheal intubation commonly results in sympathetic stimulation manifested by increased heart rate and arterial blood pressure. This study was carried out to determine whether lightwand would result in less hemodynamic changes than direct laryngoscopy. METHODS: With informed consent, fourty healthy female patients scheduled of elective surgical procedures were randomly allocated into two groups; lightwand (LW) or direct laryngoscopy (DL) group. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded upon arrival. Under a standardized anesthetic technique, the patients were intubated either with no. 3 curved blade direct laryngoscopy (DL group) or with lightwand (LW group). The MAP and HR were recorded before intubation and every 1 minutes following intubaion. Time to intubation (TTI) was also recorded. All patients were intubated by a same fourth grade resident. RESULTS: Fourty patients were studied. Every intubation was successed in first attempt. The TTI was significantly shorter in LW group. Even while there was no significant difference in HR changes, there was significant difference in the increase of MAP following intubation. The increase of MAP was significantly greater with DL than with LW. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that lightwand intubation requires shorter TTI and may give rise to less blood pressure change than direct laryngoscopy. So we found no difference in disadvantage and may offers advantage in terms of hemodynamic stability.
Arterial Pressure* ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Laryngoscopy* ; Surgical Procedures, Elective

No abstract available.
Hospitals, General* ; Humans ; Outpatients*

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the point prevalence of anxiety, depression and the associated risk factors in hospitalized patients with cancer. METHODS: A total of 114 patients with cancer who admitted to the Cancer Center in St. Mary's Hospital were enrolled for a day. The patients were asked to complete Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS). Sociodemographic and cancer related clinical variables were also evaluated. RESULTS: The point prevalence of anxiety and depression was 10.5% and 34.2%, respectively, as assessed with HADS. Logistic regression models revealed that distant metastasis was significantly associated with anxiety in patients with cancer and previous chemotherapy and Low socioeconomic status were significantly associated with depression. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that more than one third of patients with cancer suffer from either anxiety or depression. In addition, previous chemotherapy as well as low socioeconomic status and distant metastasis were associated risk factors of anxiety and depression, respectively. These findings suggest the need for screening and systematized psychosocial intervention for psychological distress in hospitalized patients with cancer.
Anxiety* ; Depression* ; Drug Therapy ; Hospitals, General* ; Humans ; Inpatients* ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors ; Social Class