No abstract available.
Primary Myelofibrosis*

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hysterectomy*

Great efforts have been expended to compensate for nerve gap in the repair of a peripheral nerve injury. And yet, this nerve gap presents a great problem in surgical management. End-to-end anastomosis is most frequently used for repair of peripheral nerves, but the main problem is tension at the suture site. The purpose of this experiment is to observe the relationship between the tension and the nerve healing, when stretching is applied to the suture site of the peripheral nerve trunk. We used 25 rabbits of both sexes divided into 5 groups according to the nerve gap and the period of immobilization for this study. Gross and histological examination were used to compare the results of end-to-end suture under a tension and suture without tension. We concluded that: 1. The best results were obtained when end-to-end suture was done without tension. 2. Direct suture under a tension produced the results quite inferior to that of the suture without tension. 3. Better results were obtained from the group of immobilization, at least, for 4 weeks among the tension group. 4. Immobilization period may be prolonged according to the degree of the tension affecting the suture site. 5. Tension at the suture site causes proliferation of connective tissue.
Connective Tissue ; Immobilization ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Peripheral Nerves ; Rabbits ; Sciatic Nerve ; Sutures

No abstract available in English.

No abstract available.
Hand*

No abstract available.
Female ; Fetus* ; Hydatidiform Mole* ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: To setup procedures of quality assurance (QA) for implementing intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) clinically, report QA procedures performed for one patient with prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: P3IMRT (ADAC) and linear accelerator (Siemens) with multileaf collimator are used to implement IMRT. At first, the pos itional accuracy, reproducibility of MLC, and leaf transmission factor were evaluated. RTP commissioning was performed again to considers mall field effect. After RTP recommissioning, a test plan of a C-s haped PTV was made using 9 intensity modulated beams, and the calculated isocenter dose was compared with the measured one insolid water phantom. As a patient-specific IMRT QA, one patient with prostate cancer was planned us ing 6 beams of total 74 segmented fields. The same beams were used to recalculate dose in a solid water phantom. Dose of these beams were meas ured with a 0.015cc microionization chamber, a diode detector, films, and a narray detector and compared with calculated one. RESULTS: The pos itioning accuracy of MLC was about 1 mm, and the reproducibility was around 0.5 mm. For leaf transmission factor for 10 MV photon beams, interleaf leakage was measured 1.9% and midleaf leakage 0.9% relative to 10x10 cm2 open filed. Penumbra meas ured with film, diode detector, microionization chamber, and conventional 0.125 cc chambers howed that 80~20% penumbra width meas ured with a 0.125cc chamber was 2 mm larger than that of film, which means a 0.125 ccionization chamber was unacceptable for meas urings mall fields uch like 0.5 cm beamlet. After RTP recommissioning, the discrepancy between the meas ured and calculated dose profile for a small field of 1x1 cm2 size was less than 2%. The isocenter dose of the test plan of C-s haped PTV was meas ured two times with microionization chamber in solid phantom showed that the errors upto 12% for individual beam, but total dose delivered were agreed with the calculated within 2%. The transverse dose distribution meas ured with EC-L film was agreed with the calculated one ingeneral. The isocenter dose for the patient meas ured in solid phantom was agreed within 1.5%. Off-axis dose profiles of each individual beam at the position of the central leaf measured with film and array detector were found that at out-of-the-field region, the calculated dose underestimates about 2%, at inside-the-field the meas ured one was agreed within 3%, except some position. CONCLUSION: It is necessary more tight quality control of MLC for IMRT relative to conventional large field treatment and to develop QA procedures to check intensity pattern more efficiently. At the conclusion, we did setup an appropriate QA procedures for IMRT by a series of verifications including the measurement of absolute dose at the isocenter with a microionization chamber, film dosimetry for verifying intensity pattern, and another meas urement with an array detector for comparing off-axis dose profile.
Film Dosimetry ; Humans ; Particle Accelerators ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Quality Control ; Water

Unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery is an uncommon anomaly, which presents as an isolated lesion or in combination with other congenital heart disease such as TOF or PD^. We encountered three cases of isolated unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery;one was left pulmonary artery agenesis with right sided aortic arch and the others were right pulmonary artery agenesis with left sided aortic arch. Plain chest radiograph showed considerable loss of unilateal lung volume and lack of ipsilateral hilar shadow. Pulmonary angiogram which was done in two cases, revealed proximal interruption of a pulmonary artery. Chest CT was done in only one case, on which right pulmonary artery was absent and was replaced by adipose tissue. CT with its clean demonstration pulmonary artery without any evidence of aquired obstruction of a pulmonary artery by pulmonary embolism or tumor invasion, maybe a valuable method for evaluaton of the unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery.
Adipose Tissue ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Axon guidance molecules (AGMs), such as Netrins, Semaphorins, and Ephrins, have long been known to regulate axonal growth in the developing nervous system. Interestingly, the chemotactic properties of AGMs are also important in the postnatal period, such as in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. In particular, AGMs play pivotal roles in inflammation of the nervous system, by either stimulating or inhibiting inflammatory responses, depending on specific ligand-receptor combinations. Understanding such regulatory functions of AGMs in neuroinflammation may allow finding new molecular targets to treat neurodegenerative diseases, in which neuroinflammation underlies aetiology and progression.
Axons ; Ephrins ; Inflammation ; Nervous System ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Neuroglia ; Semaphorins