Objective To study the effect of retention enema with Huanghu Decotion on infantile rotavirus enteritis and summarize the nursing strategies.Method One hundred and sixty nine infants with infantile rotavirus enteritis were randomly divided into observation group(n=86)and control group(n=83).On the basis of conventional treatment,the observation group was treated with retention enema with Huanghu Decotion and the control group with Smecta 3 d for a course of treatment.The two groups were compared in terms of the total effective rate.Results There was significant difference in the total effectives rate between the two groups(P<0.05).The rate in the observation group was highter than that in the control group.Conclusions Retention enema with Huanghu Decotion is superior to that by Smecta in treating infantile rotavirus enteritis.The comprehensive nursing care is helpful for the improved curative compliance and therapeutic effect.

Female ; Humans ; Lymphangioma, Cystic ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Middle Aged ; Neck

Objectives To investigate the effect of bladder function and behavior change training on urinary retention after epidural anesthesia and the method to decrease it. Methods 265 patients receiv-ing operation under epidural anesthesia were divided into two groups, the experimental group (132 cases) and the control group (133 cases). The experimental group was further divided into 3 groups: one to two days of training, 3 to 4 days of training and above 5 days of training preoperation. The experimental group carried out bladder function and behavior change training, but the control group never undertook any train-ing. After operation the data were analyzed. Results The incidence of urinary retention was significantly different between the experimental group and the control group (P<0.01);The time length of the training before operation aorrelated with incidence of urinary retention(P<0.05). Conclusions Bladder function and behavior change training contributed to decrease urinary retention after epidural anesthesia.The training time and incidence of urinary retention showed inverse proportion. This could decrease the opportunity of suffering from urethral catheterization and urinary tract infection.

Problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method combined with formative evalua-tion was used in the teaching practice of pediatrics education. This method was implemented by four phases: courses designing, group-preparing, problems-organizing and teaching practice. The method was evaluated by students' feedback and survey results of patients, teachers and teaching councilors. It was showed that the teaching effects of PBL combined with formative evaluation was better than tra-ditional teaching method in pediatrics teaching.

Multimedia is a widely-used teaching means in contemporary medical education.Establishing and improving the multimedia teaching material library is a strong guarantee for the smooth implementation of multimedia.The causes,significance and methods for establishment of pediatric surgery teaching multimedia material library according to the characteristics of pediatric surgery teaching are described in this article,with a view to provide a reference to other relevant professional institutions.

Objective To introduce inhaled inactivated-mycobacterium phlei on prevention and treatment of moderate bronchial asthma to observe the clinical effect. Method This study was a prospective and controlled study. The patients diagnosed with asthma in our out-patient from March 2009 to December 2010 were collected, who met the following conditions were included in the study: age≥ 14 years; met the criteria of moderate chronic persistent bronchial asthma in Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) in 2008; suspended receiving systemic corticosteroids, Montelukast, ketotifen and other anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic drugs in one month; no significant respiratory tract infections; and other serious illnesses or abnormalities known.A total of 100 patients with asthma were selected, including 37 males and 63 females, age (32.11 ± 12.95 )years. The patients were randomly(random number) divided into two groups: A group(treatment group; 16males and 34 females, age 33.56 ± 14.23 years) and B group (control group; 21 males and 29 females,age 30.66 ± 11.50 years); 50 in each group. No significant difference was noted between the two groups on age and gender composition. The patients in A group were treated with inhaled inactivated-mycobacterium phlei F. U. 36 Injection 1.72 μg/mL × 2 that adding 3 mL normal saline, once a day for 5 days. The patients in B group were treated with salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation (50/100 μg), twice daily for sustainable use. The patients in the two groups were observed for one month. During this course, the patients in the two groups could inhale the salbutamol sulphate aerosol as need to relieve symptoms. And the number of using was recorded. Pulmonary function test and asthma provocative test were carried out on the Day O, 6 and 31. ACT scores were measured before and after the treatment. Results On Day 6 and 31 after treatment, the negative conversion rates of asthma provocative test of the patients in A group were 82% and 78% respectively, B group were 84% and 90% respectively. Provocative test of the patients in the two groups were negative conversion significantly before and after treatment. There was no significant difference between the two groups by chi-square test (P ＞ 0. 05 ). Completely random designed data was analyzed by analysis of variance. The analysis showed that the accumulated doses of methacholine of the patients in the two group increased significantly ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), but no difference between the two groups.There was a improvement trend on forced expiratory volume in one second( FEV1 )of the patients in A group after treatment, but no difference. FEV1 of the patients in B group increased significantly higher ( P ＜0.05), which was significantly higher than A group on the 31th day (P ＜0. 05); Peak expiratory flow (PEF) of the patients in the two group increased significantly on Day 6 and 31 after treatment (P ＜0.05 ).On Day 31, B group was significantly higher than A group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ); Scores of asthma control test (ACT)of the patients in the two group were significantly increased, and the number of using of salbutamol sulfate aerosol was significantly reduced (P ＜0.01 ). B group was obvious than group A (P ＜0.05 ). During treatment, there were only two adverse reaction cases of transient low fever; most obvious was on the third day.Conclusions Inhaled inactivated-mycobacterium phlei would inhibit the airway hyperresponsiveness of the patients with moderate bronchial asthma in short time, improve the symptoms, reduce the acute exacerbation, and reduce the use of rescue medication, which has the roles of prevention and treatment of moderate asthma in a certain period of time.

Objective:To explore the predictive value of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in the development of osteoporosis (OP) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during early pregnancy.Methods:A total of 178 pregnant women with GDM admitted to Shanxi Provincial Children’s Hospital from Sep. 2018 to May. 2022 were selected as the research subjects and divided into OP group and non-OP group based on bone density. General information of patients was collected, and biochemical indicators related to bone metabolism were measured, including calcium (Ca), β-collagen special sequence ( β-CTX), type 1 procollagen amino-terminal peptide (PINP), n-terminal bone calciuim (N-MID), osteocalcin (OC), and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP). The levels of 25 (OH) D and IL-6 in the serum of the two groups were measured. The predictive value of 25 (OH) D and IL-6 levels for GDM complicated with OP was analyzed. Results:Compared with the non-OP group (29.95±6.88), the serum 25 (OH) D level was significantly lower in the OP group (20.78±6.02) ( t=5.56, P<0.001), and the IL-6 level was significantly higher in the OP group (75.19±9.15) than in the non-OP group (50.23±10.08) ( t=10.26, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the levels of Ca, P, β-CTX, PINP, or N-MID between the two groups (all P>0.05). The levels of BAP (13.25±3.12) and OC (6.62±1.24) in the OP group were significantly lower than those in the non-OP group (BAP: 18.23±3.78, t=5.52, P<0.001; OC: 8.75±1.52, t=5.87, P<0.001). Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between 25 (OH) D level and bone density, BAP, and OC ( r=0.26, 0.21, 0.23, all P<0.05), while IL-6 level showed a negative correlation with bone density, BAP, and OC ( r=-0.39, -0.21, -0.27, all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that serum 25 (OH) D and IL-6 could serve as effective diagnostic markers for GDM complicated with OP (AUC=0.853, P<0.0001; AUC=0.869, P<0.0001) during early pregnancy. Conclusions:The serum 25 (OH) D level is decreased and IL-6 level is increased in GDM patients with OP during early pregnancy. The levels of serum 25 (OH) D and IL-6 have predictive value for the development of GDM complicated with OP during early pregnancy.

Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is widely used for creating tailored individual care plans for seniors who usually are suffering from multiple diseases,frailty,disability and cognition decline.Skilled communicators are of importance for high-quality clinical data collection.Communication skills used in CGA are summarized in this article by reviewing related references and combining practical experiences in the process of applying international resident assessment instruments (interRAI).

Objective:To investigate the distributions of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes among newly reported HIV/HCV co-infected Burmese patients in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province from 2016 to 2019.Methods:A total of 1 289 newly reported HIV/HCV co-infected Burmese patients in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture were collected through the National Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Comprehensive Prevention and Control Data Information System From January 2016 to December 2019. Among them, 996 subjects with a plasma volume of ≥200 μL were selected to perform HIV and HCV genotyping. The HIV pol gene, the HCV core protein-binding envelope protein ( CE1) gene and non-structural protein 5B ( NS5 B) gene were amplified using the nested polymerase chain reaction.The phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA 7.0 software to classify the genotypes. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Trend chi-square test was used to analyze the trend of HIV and HCV genotypes. Results:Among the 996 cases with HIV/HCV co-infection, HIV and HCV sequences from a total of 554 subjects (55.6%, 554/996) were successfully obtained, and the genotypes of HIV and HCV were diverse. HIV genotype C (40.3%, 223/554) and BC recombinant (33.6%, 186/554) were the most prevalent, followed by genotype B (6.5%, 36/554) and circulating recombinant form (CRF)01_AE (3.6%, 20/554). HCV genotype 3b was the most prevalent (31.2%, 173/554), followed by genotype 6u (19.5%, 108/554), 1a (17.5%, 97/554), 6n (11.4%, 63/554), 3a (8.7%, 48/554) and 6xg (6.3%, 35/554). The prevalence of HIV genotype C showed a downward trend ( χtrend2=7.23, P<0.001), while the prevalence of BC recombinant showed an upward trend ( χtrend2=5.97, P<0.001), and the proportion of BC recombinant was higher than genotype C in 2019 (54.9%(101/184) vs 21.7%(40/184)). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the proportions of genotype 3b, 6u and 1a from 2016 to 2019 ( χtrend2=1.43, 1.79 and 0.39, respectively, P=0.152, 0.074 and 0.695, respectively). The HIV genotype distribution among patients with different ethnic groups were significantly different ( χ2=22.06, P=0.037). Conclusions:The diversity of HIV and HCV genotypes is high and complex among HIV/HCV co-infected Burmese patients in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture. BC recombinant shows a trend of becoming the predominant HIV genotype among these co-infected patients. Therefore, surveillance of the prevalence of HCV and HIV genotypes in Burmese population needs to be further strengthened.

This paper studied the influence ofsurface preponderantfungi on main effective substances of CitriReticulatae Pericarpium (CRP).Spreading plate method was used to isolatepredominant strains from the surface of CRP.Besides,the method combining microscopic and molecular identification was also adopted.HPLC and UVspectrophotometric methods were used to determine the main effective substances in CRP.From thesurface of CRP,the advantage strain fungi were Aspergillusniger and A.Flavus.After the inoculation of A.Niger and A.flavus against CRP,the effective compositionwas changed.And different A.niger strains had differenceeffectiveness oneffective chemical components,especially one strain of A.niger.Compared withthe control group,contents of total flavonoids and hesperidin were significantly increased (P＜0.01);and five types of obvious new chemical compositions were produced.It was concluded that the metabolic transformation of fungi was related tochanges ofeffective substances of CRP,which played a significant role in the aging process of CRP.The growth and metabolism of fungi consumeeffeetive substances and producechanges of composition.From the perspective of microorganisms,"the older,the better" of CRP hasa better explanation.