Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of CD34 and smooth muscle actin (SMA) in stroma of breast tissues and lesions. Methods Seventy cases of breast tissues and lesions, including 20 fibroadenomas, 10 sclerosing adnoses, 30 invasive ductal carcinomas and 10 invasive lobular carcinomas were investigated, and 10 normal breast tissues were served as controls. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to compare the distribution of CD34+ fibrocytes and SMA-reactive myofibroblasts. Results The stroma of normal breast tissue contained CD34+ fibrocytes, whereas SMA-reactive myofibroblasts were absent (100% for both). All benign breast lesions exhibited astromal CD34+ fibrobytes, and fibroadenomas showed SMA-reactive myofibroblasts as well. In invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma the stroma was devoid of CD34+ fibrocytes, but a varying number of stromal SMA-reactive myofibroblasts were detectable (100%). Conclusion In breast carcer, immunohistochemical staining used in detecting expressions of CD34 and SMA is helpful in distinguishing benign lesions from malignancies.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the drug-sensitivity-related genes to anti-tumor drugs navalbine (NVB) and docetaxel (Doc) in four SCLC and six NSCLC cell lines.

METHODSThe sensitivity of 4 SCLC lines and 6 NSCLC lines to NVB and to Doc was determined with MTT test. The expression of 1291 anti-tumor drug sensitivity-related genes in the 10 cell lines was assayed by cDNA macroarray technique, and cluster analysis was performed to find the relationship between the results obtained by the above mentioned two measurements.

RESULTS(1) The anti-tumor effect of NVB on the 10 cell lines was apparently better than that of Doc. (2) The drug sensitivity-related genes in these 10 cell lines showed a more close positive correlation with Doc than that with NVB, whereas more genes showed negative correlation with NVB than that with Doc. But in 6 NSCLC cell lines, more genes showed the same positive or negative correlation with the two drugs. (3) 51 genes in the 10 cell lines showed correlation with Doc or NVB. 13 of them had negative correlation with Doc, 11 of them showed positive correlation. 24 of them showed negative correlation with NVB, 3 of them showed positive correlation. 67 genes in 6 NSCLC cell lines showed a correlation with sensitivity to Doc or NVB, among them 34 had negative correlation with Doc, 4 had positive correlation. 25 genes had negative correlation with NVB, 4 had positive correlation. (4) Rab 1, Rab 3, Rho B, Rho C, Rac 1, Rac 2, Gho GDI beta, CD44, integrin alpha5, integrin alpha6, integrin beta5, vinculin showed to be cytoskeleton-related genes differently expressing in SCLC or NSCLC cell lines.

CONCLUSIONThere is obvious difference in the drug sensitivity-related genes to NVB or Doc between SCLC and NSCLC cell lines.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cluster Analysis ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; metabolism ; Cytoskeleton ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Integrin alpha5 ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Taxoids ; pharmacology ; Vinblastine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; rab1 GTP-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study genetic characteristics of an individual with para-Bombay phenotype and her family members.

METHODSABO and H antigens were detected with routine serological techniques.The entire coding region of FUT1 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR products was purified with enzymes digestion and directly sequenced.

RESULTSThe RBCs of the proband did not agglutinate with H antibody. The proband therefore has a para-Bombay phenotype (Bmh). Direct sequencing indicated the FUT1 sequence of the proband contained a homozygous 547-552 del AG and heterozygous 814A>G mutation, which gave rise to two haplotypes of 547-552delAG, 547-552delAG and 814A>G. The ABO blood type of the proband' s mother and sisters were all B.Sequencing of the FUT1 gene has found heterozygous 547-552 del AG, 814A>G mutations in the mother and elder sister, and heterozygous 547-552 del AG mutation in her younger sister. The FUT1 547-552 del AG and 814 A>G mutations of the proband were inherited from her mother.

CONCLUSIONA complex mutation of the FUT1 gene consisting of 547-55 del AG and 814 A>G has been identified in an individual with para-Bombay phenotype.

ABO Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Adult ; Female ; Fucosyltransferases ; genetics ; Humans ; Phenotype

Semen-derived enhancer of viral infection(SEVI) is a peptide fragment (PAP248-286) from prostatic acid phosphatase(PAP), which can enhance human immunodeficiency virus infection. The mechanisms of SEVI include: (1) SEVI with several cationic amino acid residues reduced electrostatic repulsion between HIV virus and the target cells; (2) The disorder state of SEVI in the human body fluids was helpful to the interaction between virus and the target cell membranes; (3) SEVI could capture HIV particles directly and speed the velocity of virus on the surface of the target cells and improve adsorption and fusion. Currently, the substances of inhibiting SEVI activity include: EGCG from green tea, small molecule compound of aminoquinoline Surfen, ThT analogs BTA-EG6. Those compounds might block the combination of HIV and SEVI or prevent the formation of amyloid fibers, and then reduce the enhancement of SEVI. The studies on the biological characteristics and mechanisms of SEVI have a big benefit for the prevention and treatment of HIV infection.
HIV Infections ; etiology ; transmission ; Humans ; Male ; Semen ; physiology ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral ; etiology ; Static Electricity

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of in-utero exposure to HIV and ART on pregnancy outcome and early growth of children.Methods This cohort study enrolled 802 HIV-infected pregnant women between October 2009 and May 2018 in Guangzhou,China The women were assigned to receive combination ART (cART) or mono/dual ART or no treatment.The primary outcomes were the combined endpoints of any adverse pregnancy outcome [including ectopic pregnancy,spontaneous abortion,stillbirth,preterm birth,small for gestational age (SGA)] and adverse early growth outcome (including infant death,HIV infection of mother-to-child transmission,and underweight,wasting and stunting of infants at 4 weeks of age).Results Adverse pregnancy outcomes occurred in 202 (35.1％) of all enrolled HIV-infected women,and 121 (31.3％) of all infants exhibited adverse effects on early growth at 4 weeks of age.The rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes,spontaneous abortion,ectopic pregnancy,stillbirth,infant death and perinatal HIV infection were higher among women not receiving ART,compared to those treated with cART or mono/dual ART (P ＜ 0.05).However,women treated with cART had a higher rate of SGA,compared to untreated women (P ＜ 0.05).No differences in early infant growth were observed among the different treatment regimens.Conclusion Our findings underscore the essentiality of prioritizing HIV-positive pregnant women for ART,as even mono/dual ART available in resource-limited countries could improve pregnancy outcomes and infant survival

Objective TounderstandandevaluatethetransmissionriskofavianinfluenzaA(H7N9)virusinlivepoultry markets(LPMs).Methods Atotalof31LPMsfromJiaxingcitywereselectedusingrandomsamplingmethodand hygienicinvestigationonthespotwascarriedout.Results All31farmproductmarketshadlivepoultrytradewhile29 (83.87%)of them had live poultry slaughter spots,and 3 of them were not in the trade zone.The situation of sanitary, isolation,disinfection and personal protection in live poultry trading spot was not satisfied and only one LPM set a compartment.The LPMs whose distance exceeding 10 meters between live poultry slaughter spot and trading spot were accountedfor41.38%.Conclusion ThetransmissionriskofavianinfluenzaA(H7N9)virusinfarmproductmarketis high.To close the live poultry market during the epidemic period and strengthen surveillance activities are suggested.

Objective To clarify the genetic characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) circulated in the population of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Zhengzhou,Henan and to analyze its relationship with HIV-1 prevailing in the paid blood donors (PBDs).Methods Thirty-one MSM who were confirmed as HIV positive individuals in 2010 together with 41 HIV-positive former PBDs were enrolled in the study.Information on related epidemiological characteristics and their plasma were collected.RT-PCR was used to amplify HIV-1 full length gag (1584 bp),pol (3147 bp) genes and partial env gene (C2V3 segment,558 bp) followed by sequencing on those subjects.Online software available at LosAlamos HIV Database was used to identify the HIV subtypes based on the findings of the sequences.Phylogenetic tree was used to identify thc possible relationship of transmission.Results Fifty-three full length gag,38 full length pol and 48 partial env (C2V3) genes were collected from 72 participants.Among the 31 HIV ( + )MSM individuals,14 CRF01_AE strains,5 CRF07BC_ strains and 12 subiype B ( 1 subtype B and 11B' ) strains were identified respectively.All of the 41 strains identified from former PBDs were infected by B' strains.The CRF01_AE strains identified in MSM showed a close relationship to those identified from both Hebei and Liaoning provinces.The CRF07 BC strains showed a close relationship with those from Shijiazhuang and Beijing cities.Among the 12 subtype B strains,8 sequences grouped into 1 cluster with 1 sequence from the former PBDs.Two sequences grouped with 02HNseq4 suggested that B' had been prevailed in the MSM population might come from the former PBDs and were closely related to the strains identified in the MSM population.Conclusion Complicated genetic background and multiple introductions of HIV in the MS population in Zhengzhou,were found.This was also the first report which noticed that the subtype B epidemic among Zhengzhou MSM was mainly originated from the B' among the former PBDs.

OBJECTIVETo analyze chlorogenic acids contained in Lonicera japonica water extracts, and to investigate the regularity of changes in chlorogenic acids during the water extraction process.

METHODAgilent Zorbax SB-C18 analytical column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was eluted with 0.1% formic acid (A)-acetonitrile (B) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength was 327 nm and the column temperature was 30 degrees C. Negative MS(n) mode was adopted in mass spectrum for ananlyzing the 22 samples of L. japonica water extracts.

RESULTCaffeic acid and six organic acids were accurately identified from the water extracts. During the extraction, the contents of chlorogenic acid and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid became stable or gradually decreased after reaching the highest value. The contents of other components had long been increasing, but with a decreasing rate of change.

CONCLUSIONThis study provides basis for improving the production process of traditional Chinese medicine preparations containing L. japonica.

Chlorogenic Acid ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

"Shaoyang as the pivot"is one of the important concepts in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.It is believed that shaoyang is located between half exterior and half interior,which reaches the muscular striae and the exterior and connects with the internal organs,and plays the role of promoting qi movement,regulating water channel and distributing ministerial fire.The dysfunction of shaoyang pivot leads to the disorder of qi movement,abnormal water metabolism,and stagnation or hyperactivity of ministerial fire.Cholinergic urticaria is a special type of urticaria caused by the disorder of cholinergic nerve conduction,which has a long course of disease and is difficult to be cured.According to the clinical characteristics of the disease,Professor SUI Dao-Shun believes that the dysfunction of shaoyang pivot is the core pathogenesis of cholinergic urticaria.Emotional disorders lead to the dysfunction of pivot,and then cause the disordered flow of qi and fluid and internal disturbance of hyperactive ministerial fire,which induce the disharmony between nutritive qi and defensive qi,and the failure of being against the pathogens.Finally,wind pathogen attacks the skin and muscular striae and becomes latent,and results in cholinergic urticaria.For the treatment of cholinergic urticaria,Chaihu Guizhi Decoction can be used as the basic prescription to harmonize shaoyang,expel pathogens and release exterior.Corresponding modification of herbal medicines should be performed for various syndromes caused by the dysfunction of shaoyang pivot such as qi stagnation,dampness retention and heat stagnation during the clinical application.The prevention and treatment of cholinergic urticaria based on the theory of shaoyang as the pivot can provide thoughts for the clinical treatment of cholinergic urticaria.

INTRODUCTIONIntrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy is a proven, effective treatment for disabling cortical spasticity. We describe the first local series of five patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) who received ITB and were followed up for 63.8 months.

METHODSA retrospective review of medical and rehabilitation records of patients who received ITB therapy was carried out. Data studied included baseline demographic and injury variables, implantation data, spasticity and function, ITB dosage over time and complications.

RESULTSFrom 2006 to 2010, a total of five patients received ITB therapy via implanted pumps about 39.4 months after ABI. Four out of five patients experienced significant reductions in their lower limb spasticity scores and improvements in global function and dependency. One patient had minor adverse events associated with baclofen-related sedation. The mean ITB dose at one year was 182.7 ± 65.6 mcg/day.

CONCLUSIONOur preliminary study showed encouraging long-term outcomes and safety for ITB therapy after ABI-related intractable spasticity. Individual ITB responses over time were variable, with gender differences. The outcomes experienced by our centre were comparable to those in the general ABI population, supporting the efficacy of ITB therapy for chronic disabling spasticity.

Baclofen ; administration & dosage ; Brain Injuries ; complications ; drug therapy ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infusion Pumps, Implantable ; Injections, Spinal ; Male ; Muscle Relaxants, Central ; administration & dosage ; Muscle Spasticity ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Singapore ; epidemiology ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Treatment Outcome