Objective To investigate the effects of small volume resuscitation on hemodynamics and visceral perfusion in dog model of hemorrhagic shock. Methods Twenty-four dogs were hemorrhaged to hold mean arterial blood pressure at 45-55 nun Hg for 45 minutes, and then eight dogs were resuscitated with 6 ml/kg of hypertonic saline (HS group) solution and the other eight resuscitated with 6 ml/kg of hypertonic saline-hydroxyethyl starch (HSS group) solution. The rest eight dogs were set as control and resuscitated with normal saline (NS). Hemodynamics and gastrointestinal intramucosal pH (pHi) were detected after fluid resuscitation. Results (1) All three kinds of solutions could improve early hemodynamics and visceral perfusion. But 30 minutes after fluid resuscitation, the hemodynamics of dogs in HS group, HSS group and NS group began to decrease, with more obvious decrease HS group and NS group compared with HSS group. (2) pHi of three groups began to decrease 120 minutes after fluid resuscitation, but the level of arterial lactate remained unchanged. Conclusions (1) HS has the similar effect as NS in aspect of resuscitation, and HSS is better than HS and NS.(2) pHi is an ideal marker in monitoring the visceral perfusion and has higher sensitivity than arterial lactate.

Objective To explore the impact of ischemic stroke on intestinal barrier changes in dogs.Methods Totally 20 mongrel dogs were divided into 2 groups by random number table with 10 in each.Double silicone cylinders measuring 1.1 mm in diameter and 8 mm in length were placed into their internal carotid arteries in all dogs of group A.Group B served as a control group and received sham operation.Light microscopy was performed for morphological measurement of intestinal epithelial cell.Immunohistochemistry was used to analysis the changes of protein zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)localizing at tight junction of intestinal epithelial cells.Results Ischemic stroke was confirmed by cranial CT scanning in all dogs of group A.Compared with the test results in group B,the occludin and Zo-1 protein levels in group A were significantly lower than those in group B(occludin:0.20 ±0.01 vs 0.22 ±0.01,P =0.007; ZO-1:0.20 ±0.01 vs 0.22 ±0.02,P =0.008).The apoptotic index in group A was significantly higher than in group B(29.04 ± 3.79 vs 6.44 ± 1.24,P =0.002).There was a positive correlation between occludin and ZO-1(R =0.71,P =0.02),and the apoptotic index was negatively correlated with levels of occludin,ZO-1(R =-0.91,P =0.00; R =-0.77,P =0.01).Light microscopy showed that the dogs in group A had intestinal mucousal injuries while no obvious change was detected in group B.Conclusions Dogs with ischemic stroke tend to develop intestinal barrier dysfunction,during which the destruction of tight junction plays a key role.The up-regulated apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cell constitutes one of the cellular bases of intestine injury.

Objective To understand the malaria epidemic situation and characteristics in Jiangsu Province in 2015,so as to provide the evidence for malaria elimination. Methods The data of malaria cases in Jiangsu Province in 2015 were collected from China's routine diseases surveillance information system. Results Totally 405 imported cases were reported in Jiangsu Province in 2015,and the cases increased by 14.08％compared with those in 2014. All the malaria cases were imported,and 5 cases(1.23％)were from Southeast Asia and 400(98.77％)were from 25 African countries or regions. The imported malaria cases were reported in 13 cities across Jiangsu Province,where Taizhou,Lianyungang,Nantong,Huaian and Yangzhou cities accounted for 68.64％of all the cases in the province. Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases(JIPD)reference lab checked all the cases and classified 299 falciparum malaria cases,13 vivax malaria cases,18 quartan malaria cases,71 ovale malaria cas-es,and 4 mixed Plasmodium infection cases. Conclusions In Jiangsu Province,there are no local malaria cases for 4 consecu-tive years,but the imported cases are on the rise. Compared to 2014,the imported vivax cases increased significantly in 2015. It should be the key points to strengthen the surveillance of imported malaria cases,improve malaria diagnosis and treatment abili-ties for all levels of medical institutions,and promote the abilities of Plasmodium check,and focus survey and disposal of all Center for Disease Control(CDC)staffs across Jiangsu Province.

Objective To evaluate the value of positron-emission tomography(PET)for the identification of cervical nodal metastases of head and neck cancer compared with CT/MRI and clinical palpation.Methods Forty patients of head and neck cancer Lulderwent PET and CT/MRI examination 2 weeks before surgery.PET,CT/MRI and clinical palpation were interpreted separately to assess regional lymph node status.Histopathologic analysis was used as the gold standard for assessment of the lymph node involvement.Differences in sensitivity.specificity and accuracy among the imaging modalities and clinical palpation were analyzed.Results The sensitivity of PET for the identification of nodal metastases was 14.3% highor than that of CT/MRI (P=0.648)and 14.3% higher than that of clinical palpation(P=0.648),whereas the specificity of PET was 15.4% higher than that of CT/MRI(P=0.188)and 7.7% higher than that of clinical palpation(P=0.482).The accuracy of 18F-FDG PET,CT/MRI,and clinical palpation for the identifieation of cervical nodal metastases was 85.0%,70.0% and 75.0% respectively.Conclusions The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of PET for the detection of cervical nodal metastases was higher than that of CT/MRI and clinical palpation.Although the results did not show a statistically significant difference,PET can still serve as a supplementary method for the identification of nodal metastases of head and neck cancer.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the proliferation of human oral epithelial cancer cell line KB cells and the molecular mechanisms.

METHODKB cells were treated with various concentrations of EGCG for 24 or 48 h. MTT assay was used to test the cell viability. The changes of cell cycle in KB cells treated with EGCG for 48 h were analyzed using flow cytometry. The expressions of cyclin A, cyclin D1 and cyclin E were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.

RESULTThe viability of KB cells treated with various concentrations of EGCG (25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 micromol/L) for 48 h were decreased to (85.4-/+2.4)%, (80.4-/+2.8)%, (51.5-/+4.5)%, (30.2-/+1.9)%, (25.3-/+1.5)%, (20.0-/+1.1)%, respectively, showing significant difference from that of the control group [(100.0-/+2.2)%, P<0.05). EGCG decreased the viabilities of KB cells in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry demonstrated that treatment with EGCG significantly increased the cell percentage in sub-G1 phase, which was (73.5-/+4.4)% after a 48-h EGCG treatment, significantly different from that in the control group [(47.3-/+3.5)%, P<0.05). EGCG-induced G1 phase arrest was correlated to the down-regulation of cyclin A and cyclin E.

CONCLUSIONEGCG inhibits the proliferation of KB cells by inducing G1 phase arrest, which involves the downregulation of cyclin E.

Catechin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin E ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; drug effects ; Humans ; KB Cells ; Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism underlying the effect of combined use of cyclonpamine and hydroxycamptothecin in inducing the apoptosis of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line (OSCC) HSQ-89.

METHODSCCK8 assay was used to investigate the inhibitory effect of cyclopamine on HSQ-89 cells. Flow cytometry (FCM) was employed to examine the cell apoptosis following combined treatment with cyclonpamine and hydroxycamptothecin. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to detect the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and Bid in HSQ-89 cells after the treatments.

RESULTSCombined treatment with cyclonpamine and hydroxycamptothecin significantly inhibited the cell proliferation compared with hydroxycamptothecin treatment alone, also resulting in a significantly higher apoptosis rate of the cells (P<0.05). The mRNA level of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased after the treatments, especially after the combined treatment. Cyclopamine produced no significant effect on the mRNA levels of Bcl-xl and Bid in the cells.

CONCLUSIONThe combined use of cyclopamine and hydroxycamptothecin significantly down-regulates the expression on of bcl-2 to induce the apoptosis of human OSCC cell line HSQ-89.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Camptothecin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Synergism ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Veratrum Alkaloids ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis is a kind of spinal sagittal imbalance; due to center of gravity displaced and complicated biomechanical properties of the spine, the spinal biomechanics after kyphosis correction is little reported. OBJECTIVE: To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the spine after osteotomy for kyphosis. METHODS: A three-dimensional finite element model of kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis was established, simulating three kinds of osteotomy orthopedic programs (osteotomy angle in 20°, 30° and 40°), and the orthopedic effect and biomechanics were analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The three-dimensional finite element model of finite element model of kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis was established successfully, and simulated three kinds of osteotomy orthopedic programs at the angles of 20°, 30°, and 40°. (2) The best osteotomy angle was 30°, the stress distribution was less, and the stress on the T12, L1, L2, L4, L5, S1and rod was 7.346 1, 11.952, 72.783, 81.368, 28.144, 41.114, and 109.69 MPa, respectively. (3) Under 30°osteotomy angle, the postoperative Cobb angle is 1.4°, which not only obtains better orthopedic effect, but also reduces the incidence of complications caused by stress concentration.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of titanium mesh for cranioplasty of large-area skull defect with CAD/ (Computer aided design/manufacture) CAM non-model-multi-spot shaping technique. Methods Eighty-five patients suffered from large-area skull defect were treated by CAD/CAM non-model-multi-spot shaping technique from July 2007 to February 2009. A retrospective analysis of clinical data on these patients was performed. Results The average time for cranioplasty was (13.00 ± 2.56) min, and the postoperative improvement rate of patients with skull defects syndrome was 85% without major complications. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the skull showed physiological original shape recovery. The post-operative satisfaction rate of patients reached 100%.Conclusion Cranioplasty of large-area skull defect with CAD/CAM non-model-multi-spot shaped titanium mesh enjoys short operative time, few postoperative complications and remarkably improved symptoms, and achieves perfect combination of science and aesthetics, which worths widely used in clinic.

Objective To construct curcumin pyrazole derivative by the reaction of diketone of curcumin and benzylhydrazine based on the above structure-activity relationship,and to explore its antioxidant activity to provide experimental basis for the development of curcumin antioxidant derivative.Methods Curcumin-N-substituted pyrazole derivative was synthesized from curcumin and benzylhydrazine.The structures of the derivative were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy(IR),nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-NMR,13C-NMR)and LC-MS.The antioxidant activity in vitro of the derivative was evaluated by determination of curcumin and its pyrazole derivative scavenging ability for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid(ABTS)free radical.Results Curcumin pyrazole derivative was successfully synthesized.Curcumin and its pyrazole derivative showed good free radical scavenging effects in the range of 4.6-73.6,6.25-100 μg·mL-1,respectively,with a significant dose-effect relationship.The half-maximal inhibition(IC50)values of curcumin and its pyrazole derivatives determined by DPPH method were 14.24,40.37 μg·mL-1,respectively,while the IC50 values of curcumin and its pyrazole derivatives determined by ABTS method were 36.65,19.26 μg·mL-1,respectively.Conclusion The antioxidant activity of β-dione of curcumin was retained through the substitution of the pyrazole ring,and the curcumin pyrazole derivative deserves further investigation as a potential antioxidant.

OBJECTIVETo develop a rapid duplex Real-time reverse transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) method to detect E119V mutation on neuraminidase (NA) of influenza A(H3N2) subtype with drug resistance to oseltamivir.

METHODSTwenty-six NA genes of influenza A(H3N2) virus between 2000 and 2012 in GenBank database were selected as the target genes, and specific TaqMan-MGB probe was designed to target the E119V amino acid change in neuraminidase protein. rRT-PCR was then performed and evaluated for the sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility using virus with E119V mutation and clinical samples.

RESULTSThis study described the validation of a highly sensitive and specific duplex rRT-PCR for detection of substitutions leading to the E119V amino acid change in NA protein of influenza A(H3N2). Fluorescence signals could be detected even when diluted a A (H3N2) virus (HA = 8) into 10(-5) and linear correlation between the logarithm of the viral titer with the Ct values was observed. In addition, the assay was highly specific in that there was no cross-react with other respiratory viruses, nor did two TaqMan-MGB probes. E119V substitution in quasispecies with both sensitive and resistant viruses could be detected as well. The limit of detection was 5% for quasispecies with high concentrations and 50% for quasispecies with low concentrations. The average coefficient of variation (CV) for within-run assays was 2.32% and 0.57% for H3N2-119E and H3N2-119V primer/probe sets separately, 1.77% and 0.97% for average CV of between-run assays, which exhibited good repeatability. Sequence analysis of twenty NA genes verified glutamic acid (E) at amino acid site 119, which was in consistent with the results from our rRT-PCR method.

CONCLUSIONThe assay developed in this study is highly sensitive and specific, and easy to operate; thereby it could be used for identification of A(H3N2) virus with E119V amino acid change in NA protein.

Amino Acid Substitution ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; drug effects ; enzymology ; genetics ; Mutation ; Neuraminidase ; genetics ; Nucleic Acid Probes ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods