Objective To compare the histological fates and the effects of autologous fat and fascia used as augmentative materials to treat unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). Methods Vocal fold augmentation with autologous fat and fascia was performed on 2 dogs (group A) to cure glottic insufficiency caused by left vocal fold paralysis. Autologous fat and fascia 0.4 ml were injected respectively into left and right vocal folds of 9 dogs (group B). The dogs of group B were killed after 1,3 and 5 months and the dogs of group A were killed after 8 months. The histology of both substances and the effect of treatment were evaluated. Results Surviving autologous fat grafts was found in the canine vocal fold after 8 months, but the absorption was too rapid to maintain the bulk of grafts, the effect could last no more than 5 months. Autologous fascia also survived after 8 months, Conclusion The results showed that these two augmentative materials were both effective in the treatment of IJVFP. Autologous fat can only be used as short - term augmentative material. However, autologous fascia has a potential use for long - term application to correct glottic insufficiency caused by UVFP and other diseases.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate target genes expression in the post-transcriptional levels.There are many kinds of differential expressions of miRNA in head and neck cancer,and the miRNA participate in a series of important biological processes such as cell development,proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis and etc.miRNAs is expected to become an effective means for the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer.

Survivin gene is the strongest inhibitor of apoptosis so far.Recently,it was found that the promoter polymorphism of survivin gene is closely related to risk of cancer and genetic susceptibility.This finding might provide clues for further elucidation of the correlation of risk of cancer and genetic polymorphism,and for diagnosis,prevention and screening of cancer gene.

ObjectiveTo review the experience of video-assisted thoracoscopic resection for posterior mediastinal neurogenic tumors,to investigate the technical features and difficulties of thoracoscopic approach.MethodsFrom May 2001 to June 2011,58 patients underwent thoracoscopic resection of posterior mediastinal tumors in our institution,including 36 males and 22 females.The average age of the patients was 38.7 years.The average tumor size was 4.9 cm.16 patients had neurogenic or pulmonary symptoms at the time of diagnosis,while the other 42 were asymptomic.24 lesions were located in the left side,33 lesions in the right side,1 lesion in bilateral sides.All procedures generally required 3 ports,and intracapsular enucleation was preferred,supplying vessels were ligated by hemoclips or Hem-o-lock clips; the nerves of origin were cut off at both edges of the tumor.For bulky tumor,dense adhesion,and massive bleeding,open conversions were performed by extending the incision anteriorly to 6-10 cm.ResultsAll procedures were successfully performed without death event occurring.The average operating time was 127.2 min.The average intraoperative blood loss was 206.4 ml.3 cases requied blood transfusion.The average chest tube duration was 2.72 days.The average postoperative stay was 5.19 days.53 procedures were performed entirely under thoracoscopy to achieve gross-total resection.Conversions to an open procedure were necessitated in 5 patients (8.6％).7 patients experienced post-operative complications,with 4 Horner syndromes.There were 25 neurilemomas,23 neurofibromas,8 ganglioneuromas,1 paraganglioma,and 1 malignant paraganglioma.No local recurrence was seen after an average follow-up of 44.9 months.ConclusionVideo-assisted thoracoscopic removes of the posterior mediastinal tumors are safe,reliable and minimally invasive for selected patients with mastered throcoscopic skills.intracapsular enucleation is a safe procedure with reduced risk,while tumors larger than 6cm and located in the apex are with increased risk.

Livin is a new and important member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein(IAPs)family.Livin is high expressed in most human tumor cells, involved in apoptosis inhibition and closely related with tumor development and progression.Studies found that through the down-regulation or inhibition of Livin expression and the induction specific antibodies of Livin could inhibi and kill tumor cells, which provided a new method for tumors'diagnosis, cell and gene targeted therapy.

Aim To obtain the HCC cell lines which could coexpressed the B7.1 and SEA. Methods The positive clones expressing the B7.1 and SEA were screened by immunohistochemical staining. The amount of SEA in culture supernatant was detected by ELISA. Results HCC cell clones coexpressing B7.1 and SEA were obtained, and expression amount of SEA in culture supernatant reached 10～ 14× 10-8g/L. Conclusion The co-rec-ogenition immune effective system of SEA and B7.1 on HCC cells is established.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the curative effects of surgery combined with early radiotherapy and local injection of hormonal anti-scarring drugs in the treatment of keloid in head and neck region. METHODS 35 patients with keloid were treated with surgery(completely excised and sutured directly or treated with local skin flap).Radiotherapy was applied within 24 hours after operation.A total dose of 20 Gy was administered in ten fractions of 2 Gy every day. Patients who had recurrences were treated with local injection of hormonal anti-scarring drugs.RESULTS After operation,all the wounds were healed by first intention.After 1-4 year follow-up,25 cases(71.43%) were cured without relapse;10 cases(28.57%) showed partial remission.The rate of therapeutic effect was 100%.CONCLUSION Surgical removal combined with local radiation and local injection of hormonal anti-scarring drugs are one of the effective methods in treatment with keloid in head and neck region.

Firstly, this article introduced the definition of medical dispute and public remedy. Thereafter, it analyzed the causes of public remedysilence in medical disputes from four perspectives including the self-defect of public remedy, inadequacy of legal construction, lack of trust in public remedy, and the popularity of private remedy. Finally, it pointed out the countermeasures of enhanced legal construction, unimpeded public remedy and striking private remedy to solve the problem of public remedy silence in medical disputes.

ObjectiveSummarize 500 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has accepted complete videoassisted thoracoscopic (VATs) lobectomy procedure in People's Hospital of Peking University,to report the mid-term follow-up results,and to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of VATs lobectomy.MethodsBetween September 2006 and September 2011,500 cases of non-small cell lung cancer that has accepted complete thoracoscopic lobectomy in the People's Hospital of Peking University were reviewed (267 male,233 female).Median patient age was 62.3 years.The average maximal diameter of solid tumors was 2.65cm.There are 496 cases of initial treat patients and 4 cases of operation after radiation and chemotherapy.This group consisted of lobectomies of left upper lobe ( n =129),left lower lobe ( n =73 ),right upper lobe ( n =163 ),right middle lobe x( n =47 ),right lower lobe( n =89 ).The operation procedure was complete VATs lobectomy combined with systematic lymph node resection ( at least 3 groups of lymph nodes in the mediastinum area),including 480 cases of purely lobectomy,13 cases of compound lobectomy (pulmonary lobe + pulmonary lobe,or pulmonary lobe + pulmonary segment),3 cases of segmentomy,2 cases of pneumonectomy,1 case of sleeve lobectomy and 1 case of bilateral lobectomy.ResultsAll procedures were carried out smoothly without serious complication,except 1 case of death of an advanced age patient due to multi-organ failure after the operation period.The average surgical duration was 198.1 min,and average blood loss was 214.6ml.There are 5 cases of postoperative hemorrhage,identified as pulmonary artery residual ooze blood,in which 4 cases of bleeding were stopped through re-operation,and 1 case was improved through conservative treatment.The median lymph nodes dissection was 5.7 group and median number of resected lymph nodes was 16.9.The median postoperative chest tube drainage duration was 7.8 day,and median postoperative hospital stay was 10.2 day.There were 45 cases (9.0％) of conversion to open thoracotomy and 87 cases ( 17.4％ ) of slight complications,including 32 cases of cardiac abnormalities,such as continuous arrhythmia,28 cases of air leakage beyond seven days,9 cases of pulmonary infections or atelectasis,6 cases of chylothorax,and 16 cases of other complications.The results of pathology show 363 cases of adenocarcinoma,85 cases of squamous carcinoma,12 cases of adenosquamous carcinoma,28 broncho-alveolar cell carcinoma,6 cases of large cell lung cancer and 6 cases of other lung cancer.The 1-year disease free survival (DFS) was 90.2％ and 1-year overall survival (OS) was 94.3％.The 3-year DFS was 76.4％ and 3-year OS was 81.3％.ConclusionCompletely video-assisted Thoracoscopic lobectomy procedure was a safe and effctive procedure for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

This study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of kaempferol on inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated HMC-1 mast cells. The cytotoxicity of kaempferol to HMC-1 mast cells were analyzed by using MTT assay and then the administration concentrations of kaempferol were established. Histamine, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using ELISA assay in activated HMC-1 mast cells after incubation with various concentrations of kaempferol (10, 20 and 40 µmol.L-1). Western blot was used to test the protein expression of p-IKKβ, IκBα, p-IκBα and nucleus NF-κB of LPS-induced HMC-1 mast cells after incubation with different concentrations of kaempferol. The optimal concentrations of kaempferol were defined as the range from 5 µmol.L-1 to 40 µmol.L-1. Kaempferol significantly decreased the release of histamine, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α of activated HMC-1 mast cells (P<0.01). After incubation with kaempferol, the protein expression of p-IKKβ, p-IKBa and nucleus NF-κB (p65) markedly reduced in LPS-stimulated HMC-1 mast cells (P<0.01). Taken together, we concluded that kaempferol markedly inhibit mast cell-mediated inflammatory response. At the same time, kaempferol can inhibit the activation of IKKβ, block the phosphorylation of IκBα, prevent NF-KB entering into the nucleus, and then decrease the release of inflammatory mediators.
Cells, Cultured ; Histamine ; metabolism ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase ; metabolism ; I-kappa B Proteins ; metabolism ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Kaempferols ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Mast Cells ; drug effects ; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism