Objective To apply a non-invasive and feasible method for the quantification of local wall shear stress (WSS) in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging. Methods The fight common carotid artery of a young healthy male volunteer was examined using cine phase-contrast MR sequence. The cross- sectional area, average flow velocity, maximum velocity and flow rate were obtained. Three dimensional paraboloid model was applied to measure WSS value at common carotid artery. Results The mean/peak WSS was (0.75±0.41)N/m2 for the common carotid artery; The mean (range) velocity was (23.4± 12.0) cm/s; The mean (range) luminal vessel area was (32.2±2.9) mm2; The blood flow rate was (7.8±4. 6) ml/s; Conclusion WSS's magnitude, distribution and changes can be determined by MR imaging combining with the three-dimensional paraboloid method.

The incidence of cerebral watershed infarction is higher.At present,the correlation studies of cerebral watershed infarction and cerebral vascular stenosis are mostly limited to the guilty vascular lesions,and the atherosclerotic disease is a chronic systemic inflammatory response.It often exists multiple vascular stenosis.This article elaborates cerebral watershed infarction from the aspects of carotid artery complicated with other parts of the arterial stenosis,middle cerebral artery complicated with other parts of the artery stenosis and collateral circulation in order to improve the awareness of the correlation between watershed cerebral infarction and multiple cerebral artery stenosis.

Objective To summarize the experience of establishing a split liver transplantation pig model using extracorporeal normothermic machine perfusion (NMP).Methods Twenty miniature pigs were purchased with ten as donors and another ten as receptors.The graft was spliced along Taira line and the right half was reserved for transplantation.Hemodynamics and bile production volume were monitored,and blood biochemical and blood gas analysis indicators were detected during machine perfusion.Pathological change was observed by HE stain.Hemodynamics during liver transplantation,5-day survival rate and the cause of death were recorded.Results Hemodynamic,biochemical and blood gas analysis indicators remained stable during NMP.All receptor pigs were successfully extubated and awake after surgery.Two receptors died on the second day after the operation.The 5-day survival rate was 80％.Conclusion The split liver transplantation pig model using extracorporeal normothermic machine perfusion is feasible and appropriate,and it lays the foundation for further investigation.

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy is widely used in the treatment of tumor,and the dose distribution highly conforms to tumor target area in three-dimension.However,the factors such as complex beam,data error,algorithm error and machine error may cause large dose deviation in intensity-modulated radiation therapy,which may lead to unnecessary radiation accident.Therefore,standing on the patients' safety point of view,dose verification is usually performed before executing the treatment plan in order to ensure the safe implementation of the treatment plan and to avoid un-planned irradiation dose.Currently,there are many tools and methods of dose verification in clinic,including point dose verification tools like finger-shaped ionization chamber and thermoluminescence dosimeter;two-dimensional dose verification tools like Mapcheck,MatriXX and films;three-dimensional dose verification tools like ArcCHECK,Delta4 and the third-party software.These common clinical dose verification methods are reviewed in this paper.

Objective To investigate clinical service delivered at the Polyclinic of Beijing 2008 Olympic and Paralympic Village and outcomes of the medical patients visited there.to provide experiences in medical care service for other mass-gatherings in the future.Methads Clinical data of all the medical patients evaluated at the Polyclinic during July 27 to August 27 and during August 29 to September 19,2008 were reviewed retrospectively.with univariate and multivariate analyses.Results In total.1537 and 1206 medical patients visited the Polyclinic at the Olympic and Paralympic Village,respectively.Proportion of athletes visited was hisher during the Paralympic Games than that during the Olympic Games(14.2% vs.9.8%,P<0.01).We reeeived 775 patients(50.4%)with acute respiratory tract disorders,including 16 cases(1.0%)with asthma,during the Olympic Games,and 686(56.9%),including eight cases (0.7%)with asthma,during the Paralympic Games,and antibiotics were prescribed for 149(9.7%)and162(13.4%)of them,respectively.Twelve(0.8%)patients were hospitalized during the Olympic Games and four(0.3%)during the Paralyrnpie Games,and age equal to or nlore than 55 years and digestive disease were independent risk factors for hospitalization,with odds ratios(ORs) of 5.3 and 9.5 and their 95% confidence intervals(Cls)of 1.4-19.6 and 2.5-36.4,respectively.Conclusions Acute respiratory disorder was the most connnon cause for medical visits in the Polyclinic.Asthma did not play a significant role to iniluence athletes'performance in the Beijing 2008 Olympic and Paralympic Games.Antibiotic prescription in the Polyclinic had been controled to an acceptable level.Conditions in elder patients and those with digestive disorder tended to be severe.deserving more attention infuture's mass gathering.

Objective To analyze and identify the mutations of ATP6V0A4 and ATP6V1B1 gene in autosomal recessive distal renal tubular acidosis (rdRTA) children,and study the association of genotype and phenotype. Methods Genome DNA was amplified by PCR.Mutations of ATP6V0A4 and ATP6V1B1 gene in 3 children from 3 families were examined by direct sequencing.One hundred unrelated healthy subjects were selected to evaluate all mutations found in this study. Results A novel homozygous nonsense mutation was identified in ATP6VOA4 gene in one child, and a novel heterozygous nonsense variant and a frame-shift alteration were found in another child.No mutation of both genes was found in the third child.Conclusions Study of mutant genes of rdRTA in Chinese patients is helpful to understand the association in genotype and phenotype and increase the level of cognition and treatment to this disease.

Objective To develop a method of quality control for fingerprints of Xinshu Oral Liquid. Methods Based on electrophoregram of ten batches of genuine Radix Angelicae Sinensis (RAS), ten batches of genuine Rhizoma Chuanxiong (RC), and ten batches of genuine Flos Carthami (FC) by high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) to compare the fingerprints between Xinshu Oral Liquid and the genuine medicinal herbs, single herb decoction, nagetive control herb solution, respectively. The fingerprint assignment was made by comparing the UV spectra and relative migration time. Results To compare the fingerprints of ten samples from different batches and single herb, the correlation of peaks between fingerprings was found. Finally the standard fingerprints and the method of quality control were established. Conclusion Based on the fingerprints of ten batches of prearations, an average electro-phoregram was used as the standard fingerprint. There are 27 “common peaks” in the fingerprint, among them 14 from RAS, ten from RC (in which seven are commnon) and nine from FC.

Objective To study the relationship between nitric oxide within cervical microenvironment and different HPV types as well as the effect of sodium nitroprusside( SNP), a nitric oxide donor, on the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cell lines. Methods HPV typing test was assessed from 115 women by using high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) 21 typing test and the release of cervical nitric oxide(NO) was assessed as nitrate, nitrite in cervical fluid. Cervical NO was then compared between women showing different HPV types. Proliferation of Caski and HeLa cervical cells was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry after 24 hours treated by different final concentration of SNP (0. 125,0. 25,0. 5,1.0 and 2. 0 mmol/L, respectively). The expressions of HPV E6,E7 gene mRNA and p53 protein were detected by SYBR Green Ⅰ quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. Results ( 1 ) The cervical NO release of women with HR-HPV was higher compared to that in HPV negative women [ (47. 6 ± 1.4) μmol/L vs ( 22. 8 ± 0. 3 ) μmol/L; P ＜ 0. 05 ]; but there was no statistical difference between low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) group [ (24. 1 ± 1.2 ) μmol/L] and control group (P ＞0. 05 ). (2)After 24 hours treated by different final concentration of SNP, the results shown that SNP could inhibited the proliferation and increased apoptosis rate in Caski and HeLa cells, in which the concentration of SNP ≥ 1.0 mmol/L , there were significantly different ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), while when SNP ≥2. 0mmol/L, the proliferation of cells inhibited seriously. Treated by SNP ( 1.0 mmol/L ) 24 hours, the expressions of HPV18 E6, E7 mRNA in HeLa cells were reduced from 27. 362 ±0. 191,22. 962 ±0. 053 to19. 181 ±0. 360, 17. 571 ±0. 010 and the protein expression of p53 increased from 1. 17 ±0. 03 to 0. 23 ±0. 05, there were statistically significant differences between adding SNP group and the control group ( P ＜0. 05); but there were no statistically significant differences in HPV16 E6, E7 mRNA and that of p53 in Caski cells( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusions The presence of HR-HPV is associated with an increased release of NO in the human uterine cervix; NO could inhibit the growth and proliferation and enhance the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells, inhibit the expression of HPV18 E6, E7 mRNA in HeLa cells and activate the expression of p53 protein, the mechanism may be due to higher sensitivity of HeLa cells (cervical adenocarcinoma cell) to SNP. The increasing release of NO may play a role in regulating the elimination of HPV in cervical microenvironment, which is a part of mucous membrane immunity.

Objective:To study the alveolar bone morphology in the anterior teeth area of the skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion subjects with different vertical skeletal types.Methods:64 patients with skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion and 15 subjects with normal occlusion were included.The alveolar bone structure of the anterior teeth were observed using CBCT.Results:The labial and lingual alveolar bone height and the alveolar bone thickness of the incisors of the patients were much lower than those of the normal controls.The height of labial and lingual alveolar bone and the alveolar bone thickness of anterior teeth in high-angle subgroup were lower than those in low-angle subgroup.Conclusion:The thickness of the anterior teeth alveolar bone of skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion is low,espe-cially in the high-angle group.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Qishen Tongluo Zengzhi decoction on cognitive impairment in patients with acute phase of ischemic stroke.Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted, and 130 patients with acute phase of ischemic stroke and cognitive impairment accompanied by Qi deficiency and blood stasis and stagnationof phlegm-dampness syndrome admitted into the Neurology and Rehabilitation Departments of Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) Affiliated to Shandong University of TCM were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 65 cases in each group. In the two groups, conventional internal treatment was given to all patients, and in the treatment group, additionally the Qishen Tongluo Zengzhi decoction was administered orally(composition: astragalus membranaceus 30 g, radix pseudostellariae 30 g, notoginseng 10 g,spatholobus stem 25 g, hirudo 3 g, pberetima 10 g, radix paeoniae rubra 12 g, Chinese angelica 12 g, peach kernel 10 g, carthamus tinctorious 10 g, achyranthes 12 g, radix rhapontici 10 g, rhizoma alismatis 6 g, Acorus gramineus Soland 9 g, polygala root 9 g, rhizoma cyperi 10 g, herba siegesbeckiae 15 g),one dose a day. While in the control group, oxiracetam 4.0 g intravenous drip was given, once a day. The whole course was 21 days in both groups. Before and after treatment, the cognitive function of all the patients in two groups was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA) scores, and incubation period and amplitude of P300 wave were recorded.Results Finally 62 cases were in treatment group and 63 cases in control group. Before treatment, the comparisons of the MMSE score, MoCA score and P300 latent period and amplitude between the two groups had no statistically significant differences(allP>0.05). After treatment in the two groups, the MMSE score, MoCA score and P300 wave amplitude were elevated, P300 latency period was shortened compared with those before treatment, and the changes were more prominent in treatment group〔score of MMSE: 25.33±2.32 vs. 21.68±2.29, score of MoCA(score): 26.61±3.06 vs. 22.40±2.93, P300 wave incubation period(ms): 349.62±20.01 vs. 371.87±19.63, P300 wave amplitude(μV): 8.70±2.92 vs. 5.72±2.33,allP<0.01〕.ConclusionQishen Tongluo Zengzhi decoctioncan effectively intervene cognitive impairment in patients with acute phase of ischemic stroke, and improve their cognitive function.