Objective To explore the relationship between the aerocyst continual inflation and clocked deflation and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Methods 60 ICU hospitalized adult patients treated with tracheotomy or trachea canalization for above 24 hours were randomly divided into the tzadi-tional group and the experimental group with 30 patients in each group. After trachea canalization success-fully according to the nursing standard, the experimental group was treated with aerocyst continual inflation, the traditional group gased the ventilator and recorded the time, deflating the gas every 4 hours and inflating again after 5 minutes. The inflation time, nurse management and MOV(minimal occlusive volume)of the two groups were the same. The chest X-rays examination and deep sputum bacilli culture were implemented 12 hours after admission, before pulling out the ventilator and transferring out of ICU to evaluate the inci-dence of ventilator-associated pneumonia according to the infection diagnosis standard. Results The rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the experimental group was obviously lower than that of the tradition-al group. Conclusions The rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia reduces obviously in the ICU trachea canalization patients with aerocyst continual inflation.

Objective To measure the expression of CD80 and CD86 in renal tissue of lupus nephritis (LN) and explore its mechanism in the development of LN.Methods Forty-nine patients with active LN and 9 patients with minor glomerular abnormalities tissues as controls were studied.The expression of CD80, and CD86 in renal tissues was detected by immunohistochemical methods.Results CD86 was expressed extensively in glomerulus, periglomerular area, tubular epithelial cells and peritubular interstitium, while CD80 was expressed only in tubular epithelial cells and peritubular interstitium.Moreover, the percentage of CD+80 and CD+86 cells in tubular epithelial cells and peritubular interstitium showed a tendency to increase with tubulointerstitial damage.The expression of CD80 and CD86 in renal tissue correlated with the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity index score, the degree of proteinuria, creatinine clearance and anti- dsDNA antibody.Conclusions This study shows that increased CD80 and CD86 expression with the progression of tubulointerstitial lesion might play an important role in the development of lupus nephropathy, and the tubulointerstitial expression of CD80 and CD86 could potentially serve as a surrogate marker of SLE disease activity.The co-stimulatory molecules CDg, and CD86 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of LN.

Objective:To construct NMB0315 eukaryotic expression recombinant vector ,detect specific humoral and cellular immune response induced by the recombint DNA vaccine intramuscularly in female BALB /c mice,evaluate the immunocompetence and immunoprotection of the vaccine , so as to provide experimental basis for the development of a novel nucleic acid vaccine against N.meningitidis serogroup B .Methods: The whole NMB0315 gene was amplified by PCR from the standard strains MC 58 genomic DNA,cloned into a plasmid pcDNA3.1(+),identified by double digestion of the recombinant plasmid with restriction enzymes and se -quencing.The recombinant vector pcDNA 3.1 (+)/NMB0315 was transfected into eukaryotic COS-7 cells and RAW264.7 cells, the NMB0315 protein was detected by immunocytochemical method and Western blot respectively .The levels of specific humoral and cellular immune response were detected after inoculating in female BALB /c mice intramuscularly with the recombinant plasmid .The immune protective effect was investigated with the DNA vaccine and the bactericidal titer of the immune serum was deter mined by serum bactericidal assay ( SBA ) in vitro.Results: The recombinant pcDNA3.1 (+)/NMB0315 was effectively transcripted and expressed in eukaryotic cells and the specific humoral and cellular immune responses were induced in the inoculated mice .In the re-combinant pcDNA3.1(+)/NMB0315 group ,the levels of serum IgG,IgG1,IgG2a,IgG2b and IgG3 and genital tract sIgA were significantly higher than in controls ( P<0.001 ) .The stimulation index in the culture supernatant of the spleen lymphocytes of the vaccine group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).The ratios of serum IgG2a/IgG1 in the DNA vaccine group were less than 1.The bactericidal titer of the NMB 0315+CpG group reached 1:128 following three immunizations , the protection rate of the vaccine group was 70%against the N.meningitidis strain MC58.Conclusion:The NMB0315 nucleic acid vaccine could induce higher levels of humoral immunity and cellular immunity and showed effective protection against N .meningitidis serogroup B , the immune serum had strong bactericidal activity in vitro .

Artificial intelligence can simultaneously process massive amounts of data and plays an important role in disease diagnosis and treatment.Because of its high intensity,high risk and fast pace,critical care nursing has become one of major application domains for artificial intelligence.Herein the application,challenges and countermeasures of artificial intelligence in critical care nursing are summarized,aiming to provide reference for the further development of artificial intelligence in critical care nursing.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of spectinomycin?minocycline?azithromycin and sparfloxacin to mycoplasma(Uu and Mh)and therapeutic effect of spectinomycin to my-coplasma infection in genitourinary tract.Methods①The susceptibility test:each of the4drugs was divided into two concentrations.One was at1?g/mL(sensitive concentration)and the other was at4?g/mL(resistant concentration).If mycoplasma does not grow in both concentrations,it means the drug tested is sensitive.If it grows in both concentrations,the drug tested is resistant.If mycoplasma grows in lower concentration and does not in higher concentration,it means moderate sensitive.②Treatment regimen:Spectinomycin was injected,2g/d IM,for7-10days as a course of treatmeant.Patients were followed-up7days later and2~4weeks after treatment.Results①Among1658specimens,519were found Uu positive,and61Mh positive.The resis-tance rates of Uu to4different drugs were:7.7%for minocycline,21.4%for sparfloxacin,13.9%for azithromycin and7.3%for spectinomycin.Whereas,those of Mh were:18.0%,45.9%,54.1%,and29.5%re-spectively.②The clinical effect of spectinomycin was:out of43treated patients,37(86.0%)cured,4(9.3%)markedly improved,2(4.7%)failed.Total effective rate was95.3%and so was the elimination rate of my-coplasma.Conclusion The resistant rate of mycoplasma to spectinomycin is lower than that to minocycline?azithromycin and sparfloxacin,and the former is widely used in the treatment of mycoplasma(especially Uu)infection,with a satisfactory clinical effect.

Objective:To investigate the association between tumor necrosis factor-β (TNF-β) gene polymorphisms and genetic predisposition to gastric cancer, and to analyze the relationship between specific genotype of TNF-β and serum levels of TNF-β.Methods:Using case control study, we selected 153 patients with gastric cancer in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center between September 2021 and December 2022 as the gastric cancer group, and 150 healthy individuals were chosen as the healthy control group. In the previous study, 30 peripheral blood DNA samples of gastric cancer patients and healthy controls respectively were amplified by conventional PCR, which were sequenced to identify the genotype frequencies of TNF-β polymorphic loci (rs1041981, rs2229092, rs2229094 and rs78613290); consequently, Allele-Specific Quantitative PCR was used to further detect and analyze the genotype and genotype frequencies of TNF-β polymorphic loci; serum TNF-β levels were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and the relationship with specific genotypes of TNF-β was analyzed. Chi-square test and Fisher test were used to analyze the genotype distribution frequency of TNF-β polymorphic loci, and non-parametric statistics was used to analyze the differences in serum TNF-β expression levels.Results:The sequencing results showed that the genotype distribution of rs1041981 in gastric cancer group was CC 16.67% (5/30), CA 40.00% (12/30) and AA 43.33% (13/30). The genotype distribution in control group was CC 40.0% (12/30), CA 43.33% (13/30), AA 16.7% (5/30). The difference of genotype frequency between the two groups was statistically significant (χ 2=6.478, P=0.039). The genotypes of the polymorphic loci rs2229092 in both groups were AA, AG, and GG, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ 2=1.888, P=0.612). The distribution frequencies of the genotypes of the polymorphic loci rs2229094 (TT and TC) and rs78613290 (GG and AG) showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups (both P>0.05). Further validation with an expanded clinical samples (153 cases in the gastric cancer group and 150 cases in the control group) found that the difference of rs1041981 genotype distribution between the gastric cancer group [CC 15.69%(24/153), CA 54.9%(84/153), AA 29.4%(45/153)] and the control group [CC 27.3%(41/150), CA 58.0%(87/150), AA 14.7%(22/150)] was significantly different (χ 2=12.366, P=0.002). Analysis of the influence of different allele frequencies on the risk of gastric cancer revealed that the odds ratio ( OR) of the A allele of rs1041981 for the risk of gastric cancer compared to the C allele was 1.701 (95% CI 1.235?2.355). Gene phenotype analysis combining the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients found that the distribution frequency of the rs1041981 genotype was significantly different among groups of different genders, tumor invasion depths, and the lymph node metastasis, with statistically significant differences (All P>0.05). Additionally, gastric cancer patients with rs1041981 AA genotypes had higher serum TNF-β expression levels than those with CA and CC genotypes, (both P<0.05). Conclusions:The gene type frequency of the TNF-β gene polymorphic loci (rs1041981, C>A) exhibited significant differences between the gastric cancer group and the healthy control group. The presence of the A allele in rs1041981 site increased the susceptibility to gastric cancer, and patients with different gene types displayed vaning levels of serum TNF-β, among which AA genotype ranks the highest level.

Objective: To study the correlation between meteorological factors and the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) so as to provide scientific evidence for the early warning, prediction, prevention and control of HFMD. Methods: Data on HFMD surveillance and related population was collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention from 2011 to 2018. Meteorological data was obtained from http://www.tianqihoubao.com. Correlation analysis on meteorological factors and the incidence of HFMD in Xinjiang was conducted, using the Excel 2007, SPSS 17.0, and Spatial Distribution Map by ArcGIS 10.2 software. Results: HFMD usually occurred between April and July. Numbers of patients reached the top in May and June. Temperature was positively correlated with the incidence of HFMD (r=0.370, P<0.01) while precipitation was positively correlated with the incidence of HFMD (r=0.747, P<0.01). The temperature threshold appeared as 5 ℃-35 ℃ for the incidence of HFMD. Interval period was one month between the peak of both the incidence of HFMD and the precipitation. A power function relationship (y=0.009 4x^{2.332 9}, R²=0.898 9) was noticed between the precipitation and the incidence of HFMD. Conclusions The incidence of HFMD was closely related to the meteorological factors including temperature and precipitation in Xinjiang during 2011-2018. Our findings have provided evidence for the development of early warning system on HFMD in Xinjiang.