1.The Antibacterial Properties of Euphorbia Tirucalli Stem Extracts against Dental Caries-Related
Bacteria Yi Qs ; Wan Zarina Za ; Nurulhidayah Cn ; Mohamad Ezany Y ; Azlina A ; Suharni M
Medicine and Health 2017;12(1):34-41
Euphorbia tirucalli are reported to possess antibacterial activity against various
microorganisms. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial properties
of Euphorbia tirucalli stems extracts (methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts)
against dental caries-related bacteria, i.e. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and
Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus). The antibacterial properties were determined
using agar-well diffusion method at different extract concentrations (10, 20 and 30
mg/ml). Commercially available amoxicillin (10 µg) was used as positive control
while the appropriate solvent served as negative control. The methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Euphorbia tirucalli stem were found to be effective against S.
mutans and S. sobrinus. However, the aqueous extract of Euphorbia tirucalli stem
showed no activity against both bacterial strains. The differences in the antibacterial
properties in different extracts of Euphorbia tirucalli may be due to the differences
in phytochemical constituents.
2.In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Aggregation Abilities of Probiotic Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus salivarius Against Oral Pathogens
Darshyna Theena Thayalan ; Rosmaliza Abdullah ; Siti Suraiya Md Noor ; Suharni Mohamad
Archives of Orofacial Sciences 2021;16(2):153-163
ABSTRACT
The antagonistic effect of probiotics against oral pathogens merits exploration because these bacteria are
beneficial to the host’s health. The antimicrobial activity of two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus casei and
Lactobacillus salivarius, as well as L. casei and L. salivarius combination (1:1), was investigated against
Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis
using agar-well diffusion, auto-aggregation and coaggregation assays. L. salivarius cell-free supernatant
(CFS) alone exhibited greater inhibitory effect against Streptococci spp. compared to L. casei CFS alone
and the combination. However, no inhibition was observed for Candida spp. L. salivarius alone exhibited
significantly stronger auto-aggregation than L. casei alone (p ≤ 0.05) and L. casei and L. salivarius
combination. L. salivarius exhibited strong coaggregation ability with Candida spp., followed by
Streptococci spp. while L. casei exhibited coaggregation only with Streptococci spp. However, L. casei and
L. salivarius combination did not display any coaggregation with all strains. L. salivarius alone exhibited
a stronger antagonistic effect on the tested organisms than L. casei alone or in combination. Based on the
results, both probiotic strains showed good antimicrobial activities against oral pathogens and should be
further studied for their human health benefits.
Lacticaseibacillus casei--pathogenicity
;
Ligilactobacillus salivarius--pathogenicity
3. In-vitro antimicrobial effectiveness of herbal-based mouthrinses against oral microorganisms
Ju Ying TEH ; Rabiah RAWI ; Haslina TAIB ; Suharni MOHAMAD ; Siti Suraiya Md NOOR
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015;5(5):370-374
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial effectiveness of commercial herbal-based mouthrinses against oral microorganisms. METHODS: A total of three mouthrinses (OX, Pesona and Watsons) were tested for their antimicrobial activity against six oral organisms, Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus), Lactobacillus salivarius (L. salivarius), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) by standard agar-disk diffusion assay. Oradex mouthrinse containing 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate and sterile distilled water was served as positive and negative controls, respectively. RESULTS: All mouthrinse formulations were effective in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans, S. sobrinus, L. salivarius and C. albicans. Among the tested mouthrinses, Pesona was the only effective mouthrinse against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, similar to Oradex mouthrinse. Pesona mouthrinse formulation appears to be as effective as Oradex mouthrinse formulation to kill S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference among the tested formulations regarding their antimicrobial activities (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Pesona was not the only herbal mouthrinse effective in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans, S. sobrinus, L. salivarius and C. albicans in vitro. All tested formulations were effective against those strains. Our findings may serve as a guide for selecting a kind of herbal mouthrinses as well as providing information to the dental professionals about the efficacy of these products.
4.Detection of human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Fatin Hazwani FAUZI ; Nurul Izzati HAMZAN ; Nurhayu Ab RAHMAN ; Siti SURAIYA ; Suharni MOHAMAD
Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B 2020;21(12):961-976
Worldwide there has been a significant increase in the incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) etiologically attributed to oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). Reliable and accurate identification and detection tools are important as the incidence of HPV-related cancer is on the rise. Several HPV detection methods for OPSCC have been developed and each has its own advantages and disadvantages in regard to sensitivity, specificity, and technical difficulty. This review summarizes our current knowledge of molecular methods for detecting HPV in OPSCC, including HPV DNA/RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC), and DNA/RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) assays. This summary may facilitate the selection of a suitable method for detecting HPV infection, and therefore may help in the early diagnosis of HPV-related carcinoma to reduce its mortality, incidence, and morbidity.
5.Serological and Molecular Detection of Toxoplasmosis among Blood Donors in Tertiary Hospital of Malaysia
Aisha Khodijah Kholib Jati ; Suharni Mohamad ; Zeehaida Mohamed ; Wan Haslindawani Wan Mahmood ; Wan Muhamad Amir W Ahmad ; Wan Suriana Wan Ab Rahman
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2020;16(No.3, September):73-78
Introduction: This preliminary cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among blood donors in Kelantan, Malaysia. Methods: A total of 56 blood donors were screened by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for anti-T. gondii Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies. Positive T. gondii IgG and IgM were further tested for IgG avidity ELISA. All extracted deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs) from whole blood samples were analyzed for the presence of the Toxoplasma B1 gene and the ITS1 region by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The socio-demographic data of donors was assessed using a data collection form. Results: Out of 56 blood donors, 24 (42.86%) donors were IgG+/IgM-, and 2 (3.57%) donors were IgG+/IgM+ with one of them having a high avidity index indicating as past infection for more than 20 weeks and the other with a low avidity index indicating as recent infection within 20 weeks. None of the samples tested positive for the presence of the Toxoplasma B1 gene and the ITS1 region. A univariate analysis showed that only employment status was significantly associated with Toxoplasma seropositivity. Conclusion: The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among blood donors in Kelantan, Malaysia, was 46.43%. Nevertheless, direct detection by PCR showed that this parasite was absent in the blood. These results highlight that the blood donors in this study had previously been exposed to T. gondii infection. The parasite may still remain in certain tissues but does not freely circulate in the blood.