Objective: To explore the relationship between plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) and cognitive decline during 2 year follow-up in a population-based cohort in Xi′an rural areas. Methods: The study was conducted in Qubao village in Xi′an suburbs cognitively normal residents over 40 years old were recruited from October 2014 to March 2015 and given a face-to-face standardized interview. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was employed to evaluate the global cognitive function, and quantification of plasma Aβ was measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at baseline. Two years later, MMSE was tested at the end of study. Then logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between baseline Aβ and cognitive change during 2 year follow-up. Results: A total of 1 020 participants completed the study, among whom 223 subjects (21.9%) presented MMSE scores decline (defined as MMSE scores decreased ≥2 points). Compared with those without decline, participants in the MMSE decline group were older (P<0.001) and had lower education level (P<0.001), while gender, hypertension, hyperlipemia, diabetes mellitus and APOE genotype were not significantly different between two groups. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the MMSE score decline was slighter in the lower tertile of baseline Aβ₁-40 compared with middle tertile (P=0.012), while MMSE decline were similar between different Aβ₁-42 level groups and Aβ_1-42/Aβ_1-40 ratio groups (P=0.758, P=0.671, respectively). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that MMSE scores in the lower baseline plasma Aβ_1-40 level declined more slowly (OR=0.565, 95%CI 0.379-0.845, P=0.005). However, the MMSE decline were also similar among different baseline plasma Aβ_1-42 levels groups and Aβ_1-42/Aβ_1-40 ratio groups. Conclusion Population with lower level of baseline plasma Aβ_1-40 manifests lower cognitive decline during 2 years, however further investigation on dynamics of plasma Aβ and long term follow up are needed.

To explore the relationship between plasma amyloid?β (Aβ) and cognitive decline during 2 year follow?up in a population?based cohort in Xi′an rural areas. Methods The study was conducted in Qubao village in Xi′an suburbs cognitively normal residents over 40 years old were recruited from October 2014 to March 2015 and given a face?to?face standardized interview. Mini?mental state examination (MMSE) was employed to evaluate the global cognitive function, and quantification of plasma Aβ was measured by sandwich enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at baseline. Two years later, MMSE was tested at the end of study. Then logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between baseline Aβ and cognitive change during 2 year follow?up. Results A total of 1 020 participants completed the study, among whom 223 subjects (21.9%) presented MMSE scores decline (defined as MMSE scores decreased≥2 points). Compared with those without decline, participants in the MMSE decline group were older (P<0.001) and had lower education level (P<0.001), while gender, hypertension, hyperlipemia, diabetes mellitus and APOE genotype were not significantly different between two groups. One?way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the MMSE score decline was slighter in the lower tertile of baseline Aβ1?40 compared with middle tertile (P=0.012), while MMSE decline were similar between different A β 1?42 level groups and A β 1?42/A β 1?40 ratio groups (P=0.758, P=0.671, respectively). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that MMSE scores in the lower baseline plasma A β 1?40 level declined more slowly (OR=0.565, 95%CI 0.379-0.845, P=0.005). However, the MMSE decline were also similar among different baseline plasma Aβ1?42 levels groups and Aβ1?42/Aβ1?40 ratio groups. Conclusion Population with lower level of baseline plasma Aβ1?40 manifests lower cognitive decline during 2 years, however further investigation on dynamics of plasma Aβ and long term follow up are needed.

Objective To understand the prevalence,treatment and influence factors of hypertension in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in Anhui Province.Methods A total of 2724 adult patients on MHD from January 1st 2014 to March 31st 2014 in 26 hospitals of southern,northern and central Anhui Province were investigated.Their demographic characteristics,primary disease,complications,medications,dialysis and laboratory examination were explored.The prevalence treatment rate and control rate of hypertension were analyzed.Associated factors for controlling hypertension [systolic blood pressure (SBP) ＜ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ＜ 90 mmHg] were assessed by logistic regression analysis.Results (1) The prevalence of hypertension in the hemodialysis patients was 87.0％.Their treatment rate and control rate were 93.2％ and 23.9％ respectively.The average of SBP was (145.90±21.18) mmHg,and the DBP on average was (83.60± 12.21) mmHg.The most commonly used anti-hypertensive drug is calcium channel blocker (88.2％).Over one third (45.7％) of patients were treated with two kinds of anti-hypertensive drug,26.2％ with 1 kind,21.7％ with 3 kinds,and 6.4％ with 4 kinds or more.(2) Compared with non-hypertension patients,patients with hypertension have older age,higher body mass index (BMI),phosphorus,SBP and DBP,as well as lower hemoglobin and Kt/V (all P ＜ 0.05).(3) The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Ca ＞ 2.50 mmol/L (OR=2.084,95％CI 1.008-4.307,P=0.047) positively correlated with controlling hypertension,while smoke (OR=0.594,95％CI 0.356-0.911,P=0.046) and BMI 18.5 ～ 23.9 kg/m2 (OR=0.516,95％CI 0.293-0.907,P=0.022) negatively correlated with it.Conclusions High prevalence yet low control rate of hypertension in MHD patients in Anhui Province were observed.Hypocalcemia may be a protective factor for hypertension control,while smoke and BMI may be risk factors for it.

【Objective】 To observe the safety and effectiveness of endovascular treatment for mild stroke patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion. 【Methods】 The retrospective study enrolled 38 mild stroke patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who received endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between January 2018 and August 2021. Vascular recanalization rate after endovascular treatment (mTICI≥2b), procedural complications, NIHSS score at discharge, and the rate of good modified Rankin Score (mRS≤2) at 90d were observed. 【Results】 The average age of the 38 patients was 62.89±12.41 years, and there were 21 males (55.3%). The vascular recanalization rate post EVT was 100%, while with three cases of thrombosis escape (7.9%) and one case (2.6%) of sICH of 24 h post EVT. The average NIHSS at discharge was 1 (0-1) point, which significantly decreased compared to the average baseline NIHSS 4 (4-5) points (P<0.01). The 90 d followed-up rate was 89.47%, and among all the followed-up patients, 91.2% of them had mRS≤2. Imaging follow-up showed good vascular flow and no in-stent restenosis. 【Conclusion】 Endovascular treatment for acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion in mild stroke is safe and effective.

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between changes in the entorhinal cortex （EC） of traumatic brain injury （TBI） and cognitive function based on structural magnetic resonance imaging. 【Methods】 MRI was performed in 26 patients with clinically confirmed TBI after admission， and the Mini-mental State Examination （MMSE） was followed up 6 months later. The TBI patients were classified as mild TBI and moderate to severe TBI according to the post-traumatic Glasgow coma scale （GCS）. We compared the differences in age， gender， education level， hypertension， diabetes， TBI operation history， and follow-up MMSE between the two groups. Then the morphology， surface area， volume and thickness of the patient’s EC were evaluated using the visual score and Freesurfer software， and finally the correlation between EC parameters and MMSE was analyzed. 【Results】 The study included 12 cases of mild TBI and 14 cases of moderate to severe TBI. There were no statistical differences in age， gender， years of education， hypertension， diabetes or TBI operation history. However， the two groups differed significantly in follow-up MMSE. Visual evaluation showed statistical difference in the left EC scores. Structural MRI showed that the volume and thickness of left EC were statistically different between the two groups. The correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the thickness of left EC and MMSE （r=0.430， P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 Entorhinal cortex atrophy after TBI is related to the severity of trauma， and it can reflect the long-term cognitive level of patients， which can be used as a noninvasive and reliable imaging marker for evaluating cognitive impairment after TBI.

Objective: To evaluate image quality and radiation dosage of CT cerebral perfusion (CTP) imaging of 70 kV with different tube current and scanning passes and its diagnostic value for hyperacute cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 190 patients with suspected hyperacute cerebral infarction in Lishui Central Hospital of Zhejiang Province from December 2017 to February 2019 were selected prospectively, and all patients were divided into 4 groups according to random number table and received non-contrast CT examination and dual-source CT cerebral perfusion imaging with 70 kV protocol simultaneously within 6 hours after the onset of symptoms: group A, 120 mA, 21 scanning time points; group B, 100 mA, 21 scanning time points; group C, 100 mA, 17 scanning time points; group D, 80 mA, 21 scanning time points. The values of perfusion parameters such as cerebral blood flow (CBF), crerbral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time (MTT), time to peak (TTP) were acquired. Image quality was evaluated and effective dose (ED) was recorded. The quantitative variables of image quality and radiation dosage were compared between four groups using one-way analysis of variance test. Results: There was no differences between groups on the CBF, CBV, MTT, TTP maps for all CTP values (P>0.05), and all images could meet the diagnostic requirements. The subjective image quality score of vessel sharpness and overall image quality of both internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery and the degree of noise of internal carotid in artery in group A was higher than that in group D (P<0.05). The score of vessel sharpness of internal carotid in artery ingroup A was higher than those in both groups B and C (P<0.05). The scores of vessel sharpness of both internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery internal carotid in artery ingroups B and C were higher than that in group A (P<0.05). The mean EDs of non-contrast CT in group A, B, C, D were 1.10, 2.11, 1.76, 1.42, 1.40 mSv; compared to group A, ED was reduced approximately 16.6% (0.35/2.11), 32.7% (0.69/2.11) and 33.6% (0.71/2.11), respectively (P<0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of low dose dual source CTP for detecting hyperacute cerebral infarction was 93.5% (172/184), while that of non-contrast CT was 52.2% (96/184);for detecting hyperacutelacunar cerebral infarction, it was 72.1% (31/43) and 16.3% (7/43) respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion Appropriate reduction of tube current (100 mA) and scanning passes (17 scanning time points) can reduce the radiation dosage and acquire comparable image quality for 70 kV protocol CTP. Compared with non-contrast CT, low dose dual-source CTP is more sensitive to hyperacute cerebral infarction, especially hyperacute lacunar cerebral infarction.