BACKGROUND: Endothelin-1 has been found to be a potent mitogen in cultured mesangial cells. In addition, the urinary hyperexcretion of endothelin-1 was observed in patients with glomerulonephritis. METHODS: The author studied endothelin-1 immunoreactivity in 64 kidney biopsies of patients with various glomerular diseases by immunoperoxidase staining utilizing anti-endothelin-1 serum from the rabbit. RESULTS: A group of Ig A nephropathy with glomerular proliferative change (8 focal glomerulonephritis and 7 diffuse mesangial proliferative glemerulonephritis) and a group of other proliferative glomerulonephritis (11 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type I, 5 poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, 8 focal or diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis) have more prominent endothelin-1 protein expression in the glomerular endothelium, the vascular endothelium and the tubular epithelium than non-proliferative glomerular disease group (12 minimal change nephrotic syndrome, 7 membranous nephropathies, 6 IgA nephropathies with minor glomerular abnormality). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that endothelin-1 has a potential role in the pathophysiology of proliferative glomerualr diseases.
Biopsy ; Endothelin-1* ; Endothelium ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Epithelium ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Kidney* ; Mesangial Cells ; Nephrosis, Lipoid

PURPOSE: The present study explores the expression rate of p53 mutation and the correlation between the expression of p53 protein and prognostic factors in medulloblastoma/ PNET (primitive neuroectodermal tumor). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied retrospectively 24 patients with medulloblastoma/ PNET, who were admitted in Dong-A University Hospital, Pusan National University Hospital and Inje University Pusan Paik Hospital from 1988 to 1995. Detection of p53 mutations was made by immunohistochemical staining of p53 protein on paraffin- embedded tissues. The correlation between the expression of p53 protein and prognostic factors was evaluated by the Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: p53 protein was expressed in 6 of 24 patients (25%). In 20 patients who could be evaluated for metastasis, 16 patients of M0, 1 patient of M1 and 3 patients of M2 were grouped by M stage, and the expression of p53 was detected in 1 of 16 M0 group (6.3%) and 3 of 3 M2 group (100%). p53 expression was significantly related to the M stage of medulloblastoma/PNET (r=0.73, p<0.001). The detection of p53 was not significantly associated with T stage, cellular differentiation and the relapse rate of medulloblastoma/ PNET. CONCLUSION: The immunohistochemical detection rate of p53 protein in medulloblastoma/ PNET was 25%. The expression of p53 protein was significantly related to the M stage, with higher expression rate in M2 group of medulloblsatoma/PNET.
Busan ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neural Plate ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although increasing evidence has indicated that radial access is a beneficial technique, few studies have focused on Korean subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate current practice of coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using radial access in South Korea. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 6338 subjects were analyzed from Korean Transradial Intervention prospective registry that was conducted at 20 centers in Korea. After evaluating the initial access, subjects intended for radial access were assessed for their baseline, procedure-related, and complication data. Subjects were categorized into three groups: group of overall subjects (n=5554); group of subjects who underwent PCI (n=1780); and group of subjects who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) (n=167). RESULTS: The rate of radial artery as an initial access and the rate of access site crossover was 87.6% and 4.4%, respectively, in overall subjects. Those rates were 82.4% and 8.1%, respectively, in subjects who underwent PCI, and 60.1% and 4.8%, respectively, in subjects who underwent PPCI. For subjects who underwent CAG, a 6-F introducer sheath and a 5-F angiographic catheter was the most commonly used. During PCI, a 6-F introducer sheath (90.6%) and a 6-F guiding catheter were standardly used. CONCLUSION: The large prospective registry allowed us to present the current practice of CAG and PCI using radial access. These data provides evidence to achieve consensus on radial access in CAG and PCI in the Korean population.
Catheters ; Consensus ; Coronary Angiography* ; Korea ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Prospective Studies* ; Radial Artery ; Registries

A patient with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) developed synchronous bone metastasis with metachronous relapses to the bone and renal fossa. The primary lesion was initially removed surgically, and the metastatic bone lesions and locally recurrent tumours were treated by a high-fractional dose and high-total-dose intensitymodulated radiotherapy (IMRT, 60 Gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction) without significant side effects. All the grossly relapsed tumors underwent complete remission (CR) within a short time after IMRT. To date, CR has been maintained for more than two years. This case study reports the successful treatment of radioresistant RCC using a new scheme that involves a fractionation regimen with a high precision radiotherapy.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology/*radiotherapy ; Dose Fractionation ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms/pathology/*radiotherapy ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology/*radiotherapy ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated

Endovascular recanalization therapy (ERT) has been a standard of care for patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large artery occlusion (LAO) within 6 hours after onset since the five landmark ERT trials up to 2015 demonstrated its clinical benefit. Recently, two randomized clinical trials demonstrated that ERT, even in the late time window up to 16 hours or 24 hours after last known normal time, improved the outcome of patients who had a target mismatch defined as either clinical-core mismatch or perfusion-core mismatch, which prompted the update of national guidelines in several countries. Accordingly, to provide evidence-based and up-to-date recommendations for ERT in patients with acute LAO in Korea, the Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee of the Korean Stroke Society decided to revise the previous Korean Clinical Practice Guidelines of Stroke for ERT. For this update, the members of the writing group were appointed by the Korean Stroke Society and the Korean Society of Interventional Neuroradiology. After thorough reviewing the updated evidence from two recent trials and relevant literature, the writing members revised recommendations, for which formal consensus was achieved by convening an expert panel composed of 45 experts from the participating academic societies. The current guidelines are intended to help healthcare providers, patients, and their caregivers make their well-informed decisions and to improve the quality of care regarding ERT. The ultimate decision for ERT in a particular patient must be made in light of circumstances specific to that patient.

Endovascular recanalization therapy (ERT) has been a standard of care for patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large artery occlusion (LAO) within 6 hours after onset, since five landmark ERT trials conducted by 2015 demonstrated its clinical benefit. Recently, two randomized clinical trials demonstrated that ERT, even in the late time window of up to 16 hours or 24 hours after last known normal time, improved the outcome of patients who had a target mismatch, defined as either clinical-core mismatch or perfusion-core mismatch, which prompted the update of national guidelines in several countries. Accordingly, to provide evidence-based and up-to-date recommendations for ERT in patients with acute LAO in Korea, the Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee of the Korean Stroke Society decided to revise the previous Korean Clinical Practice Guidelines of Stroke for ERT. For this update, the members of the writing group were appointed by the Korean Stroke Society and the Korean Society of Interventional Neuroradiology. After thoroughly reviewing the updated evidence from two recent trials and relevant literature, the writing members revised recommendations, for which formal consensus was achieved by convening an expert panel composed of 45 experts from the participating academic societies. The current guidelines are intended to help healthcare providers, patients, and their caregivers make well-informed decisions and to improve the quality of care regarding ERT. The ultimate decision for ERT in a particular patient must be made in light of circumstances specific to that patient.
Arteries ; Caregivers ; Cerebral Infarction ; Consensus ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Korea ; Mechanical Thrombolysis ; Reperfusion ; Standard of Care ; Stroke ; Writing

Endovascular recanalization therapy (ERT) has been a standard of care for patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large artery occlusion (LAO) within 6 hours after onset, since five landmark ERT trials conducted by 2015 demonstrated its clinical benefit. Recently, two randomized clinical trials demonstrated that ERT, even in the late time window of up to 16 hours or 24 hours after last known normal time, improved the outcome of patients who had a target mismatch, defined as either clinical-core mismatch or perfusion-core mismatch, which prompted the update of national guidelines in several countries. Accordingly, to provide evidence-based and up-to-date recommendations for ERT in patients with acute LAO in Korea, the Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee of the Korean Stroke Society decided to revise the previous Korean Clinical Practice Guidelines of Stroke for ERT. For this update, the members of the writing group were appointed by the Korean Stroke Society and the Korean Society of Interventional Neuroradiology. After thoroughly reviewing the updated evidence from two recent trials and relevant literature, the writing members revised recommendations, for which formal consensus was achieved by convening an expert panel composed of 45 experts from the participating academic societies. The current guidelines are intended to help healthcare providers, patients, and their caregivers make well-informed decisions and to improve the quality of care regarding ERT. The ultimate decision for ERT in a particular patient must be made in light of circumstances specific to that patient.
Arteries ; Caregivers ; Cerebral Infarction ; Consensus ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Korea ; Mechanical Thrombolysis ; Reperfusion ; Standard of Care ; Stroke ; Writing

Background: DNA prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) varies geographically. We investigated HPV prevalence and type distribution in Korean women using the MyHPV DNA chip testing. Methods: A total of 2,368 women from five regions of the country underwent Pap smear examination and MyHPV chip testing. Results: Overall HPV positivity was 15.8% and 78.4% in women with normal and abnormal cytology, respectively. High-risk HPV infection was strongly correlated with cytological atypia. In women with abnormal cytology, the five most common HPV types were 16, 58, 18, 52, and 56/53, and HPV16 was significantly the most common type in most geographical regions. After HPV16, HPV58, and 52 were the next most frequently detected types. Women with normal cytology, in contrast, showed heterogeneity in HPV type distribution. High-grade intraepithelial lesions infected with HPV16, 18, 31 or 45 are more likely to progress to carcinoma. Conclusions: The HPV chip test can provide useful data regarding HPV positivity and type. The most common HPV type in Korean women with abnormal cytology is HPV16, with HPV58 and 52 being frequently present. Our data may have important implications for vaccination programs and the development of cervical screening.
Cervix Uteri ; DNA ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Population Characteristics ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea ; Vaccination ; Vaginal Smears