Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare tumor among all populations of the world and accounts for less than 2% of cancers found at autopsy and between 10% and 20% of all primary liver cancers. The tumor originates either from the intrahepatic small duct radicles(peripheral type) or the major hepatic ducts at or near the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts(hilar type). Included in the latter are the small intraduct carcinomas arising at the bifurcation of the hepatic ducts. (continue...)
Autopsy ; Cholangiocarcinoma* ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Hemobilia* ; Hepatic Duct, Common ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive* ; Liver Neoplasms

Atypical polypoid adenomyoma of the uterus is a rare tumor and usually occurs in young women. The most common symptom is abnomal uterine bleeding and the definite diagnosis of the lesions depends on microscopic features. The treatment of this tumor depends on the age of the patient, her desire to retain reproductive function, and the severity of her symptoms. If the patient desires to preserve her reproductive capacity, repeated dilatations and curettages must be done because of the possibility of coexisting endometrial carcinoma. If not, hysterectomy is acceptable. We experienced a rare case of atypical polypoid adenomyoma of the uterus in a postmenopausal woman and report it with brief review of literature.
Adenomyoma* ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Postmenopause ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus*

BACKGROUND: In peritoneal dialysis patients, altered thyroid function was reported but the frequncy and pathophysiology were not well understood. The object of this study is to evaluate the effect of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) on thyroid function by observing the frequency of primary thyroid dysfunction and the sequential change of thyroid function after CAPD. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, thyroid function test (TFT) was done for 192 CAPD patients between Jan. 2001 and Jan. 2002. For another 38 CAPD patients, we observed the sequential change of thyroid function by performing TFT before and 6, 12, 24 months after CAPD. Thyroid hormones were quantitated after 200 mL sample of 24-hour dialysate effluent was lyophilized. TFTs were interpreted as subclinical hypothyroidism (sbhypo) when TSH is over 5 uIu/mL, mild hypothyroidism (mhypo) when TSH is between 5 and 10 uIu/mL with decreased fT4, and overt hypothyroidism (ohypo) when TSH level is over 10 uIu/mL with decreased fT4. RESULTS: Frequencies of normal thyroid function, sbhypo, mhypo and ohypo were 81.2%, 11%, 5.2%, and 2.6% respectively. Serum levels of TSH before and 6, 12, 24 months after CAPD were 2.6 +/- 0.1, 3.8 +/- 0.3, 4.2 +/- 0.5, 4.1 +/- 0.5 uIu/mL respectively and the frequencies of thyroid dysfunction including subclinical hypothyroidism were 6.4, 23.6, 26.3, 28.8% respectively, which showed the increasing tendency. Peritoneal loss of TSH was 11, 067 +/- 1, 776 uIu/day, and that of TT4 was 11.68 +/- 2.7 microgram/day. These were approximately 7%, and 10% of daily production rate. CONCLUSION: TSH increased after start of CAPD and thyroid dysfunction including subclinical hypothyoidism was observed in significant proportion of CAPD patients. Thyroid hormones were eliminated by peritoneal dialysis. It can be suggested that CAPD affects thyroid function. Clinical significance of the above observation needs further well-controlled study.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Hormones

This workshop was held on July 31-August 1, 2010 and was organized to promote the academic environment and to enhance the communication among Asian countries prior to the 2nd biennial meeting of Australian Society of Gynaecologic Oncologists (ASGO), which will be held on November 3-5, 2011. We summarized the whole contents presented at the workshop. Regarding cervical cancer screening in Asia, particularly in low resource settings, and an update on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was described for prevention and radical surgery overview, fertility sparing and less radical surgery, nerve sparing radical surgery and primary chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer, were discussed for management. As to surgical techniques, nerve sparing radical hysterectomy, optimal staging in early ovarian cancer, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy, one-port surgery and robotic surgery were introduced. After three topics of endometrial cancer, laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery, role of lymphadenectomy and fertility sparing treatment, there was a special additional time for clinical trials in Asia. Finally, chemotherapy including neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, optimal surgical management, and the basis of targeted therapy in ovarian cancer were presented.
Asia ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Fertility ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Laparoscopy ; Lymph Node Excision ; Mass Screening ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Vaccination