Nine patient with paralyzed strabismus of large deviation(Seven patients with lateral rectus or medial rectus muscle palsy and two patients with double elevator palsy) had full tendon transposition procedure. If remained strabismus was large postoperatively, recession of anatagonist of paralyzed muscle and botulinum toxin infection was performed respectively. Five patients achieved single binocular vision within central 10 degree of visual field. And six patients achieved less than 10 prism diopter of deviation in primary position. Our method compares favorably with previously descrived transposition procedure for muscle palsy in terms of the amount of correction and the extent of the window of single binocular vision with low risk of anterior ischemia syndrome.
Botulinum Toxins ; Elevators and Escalators ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Paralysis ; Strabismus* ; Tendons* ; Vision, Binocular ; Visual Fields

Current using strabismic angle measurement techniques require examiners experience and subjective decision. The accuracy between observers and intra-observer is limited by the minimum eye movement that the examiner can detect with naked eye. Horizontal strabismic angles with 35 comitant strabismus patients were measured using precise digital signals converted by digital frame grabber and image processing software in a 32 bit microcomputer. Strabismic angle calculated using digital method was compared with that of prism-cover method. The slope of the regression line was 1.1054; the Y-intercept was 1.3870PD. The coefficiency of variation to verify its reproducibility for measurements of total variability in 35 strabismic patients was 3.71%. The strabismic angle measurement with digital frame grabber seems to be relatively precise and clinical application will be available in measuring horizontal and vertical strabismic angel.
Eye Movements ; Humans ; Microcomputers ; Strabismus

PURPOSE: Intussusception is one of the most common causes of intestinal obstruction in children under the age of 2 years, especially in male. In this study, we compared the results of pressure reductions for various treatment methods and identified the factors related to reduction failure. METHODS: From Jan. 1996 to Dec. 1997, 87 barium reductions and 127 air reductions were performed for childhood in tussusception. Success rates of these non-operative managements and factors affecting those rates were analyzed. RESULTS: 1) When only ileocolic intussusceptions were considered in order to exclude the effect of different type of intussusceptions, the success rate for air reduction (AR) was 83.5%, which was significantly higher than 71.8% in barium reduction (BR). 2) Factors affecting reduction failure were history of preceding upper respiratory infection, fever (> or =38oC) and symptom duration in BR, and abdominal distension, leukocytosis (> or =10,000/mm3), and symptom duration in AR. 3) Bowel perforations were occurred in 3 cases of AR, but all of these cases showed bowel wall infarction requiring bowel resection, and complications due to perforations were minimal. There were no BR-related complications in BR. 4) Intussuception recurred in 7.4% of all cases; 4.9% after BR, 9.3% after AR. The mean intervals between previous reduction and recurrence were 37.0 (range 1-88) days in BR and 64.3 (range 2-283) days in AR. Recurrences occurred within 48 hours after reduction in 2 cases of BR and in 3 cases of AR. CONCLUSION: Compared with conventional barium reduction, air reduction had a relatively higher success rate in managing childhood intussusception, in spite of a slightly higher risk of bowel perforation. However, perforation did not significantly affect the clinical course. Therefore, air reduction is one of the good alternative of conventional barium reduction for managing childhood intussusception.
Barium ; Child ; Fever ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intussusception* ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Recurrence

The term 'ancient' schwannoma was proposed for a group of neural tumors showing degenerative changes and marked nuclear atypia. The findings from abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography, in a patient with a retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma, are presented, and the histological features of this unusual type of tumor are reviewed. The presence of a large, well-delineated complex cystic mass in the deep soft tissues should raise the possibility of an ancient schwannoma. The treatment of choice for an ancient schwannoma is complete excision. It is important to recognize these tumors as benign, with excellent prognosis, so as to avoid unnecessary radical surgery. A recurrence, or persistence, seems to be associated with incomplete resection, which occurred in 10% of the reported cases.
Humans ; Neurilemmoma* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Ultrasonography

An estrogen producing adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare, highly malignant tumor. Fewer than 100 cases of feminizing adrenocortical carcinomas in men have been reported. These tumors are usually large in size and show high levels of serum total estrogen and estradiol. Recently, two cases of estrogen producing adrenocortical carcinoma were experienced by our selves during in year. A unilateral adrenalectomy, with mass excision, was performed in both patients, with an ipsilateral nephrectomy performed in just one. Mitotane or cisplatin based adjuvant chemotherapy was also performed.
Adrenalectomy ; Adrenocortical Carcinoma* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cisplatin ; Drug Therapy ; Estradiol ; Estrogens* ; Humans ; Male ; Mitotane ; Nephrectomy