Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand and describe the meaning of the experience of male nurses working in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Methods: Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 8 male nurses. Data were collected from november 2019 to february 2020 and were analyzed using Colaizzi's method, a phenomenological approach. Results: 8 theme clusters, and 28 themes were identified. The 8 clusters were as follows; the feeling of burden in a busy and sensitive situation, the daily life facing life and death, female colleagues and patients who are still difficult to treat, a reliable and grateful male colleague, being proud of this role that a man can do, various experiences that improve me, constant effort to be recognized as a team member, and wavering and weighing in the career. Conclusion These results could help to expand understanding the role of male nurses working in the ICU and in other areas. In addition, the results provide basic data needed to improve mutual respect and relationships between male and female nurses. It is necessary to offer mentoring programs for male nurses to adapt to nursing field.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop models for predicting obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based on easily obtainable clinical information of patients using various machine learning techniques. Methods: We used a data set that included the records of 1,368 patients, in which 1,074 patients were male (78.5 %), and 294 patients were female (21.5 %). We randomly divided the data into a training set (1,000) and test set (368). Five machine learning methods, i.e., support vector machine model, lasso logit model, naïve bayes, discriminant analysis, and K-nearest neighbor (KNN), with a 10-cross fold technique were used with the proposed model to predict OSA. We evaluated the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision of each model for three thresholds [Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI)≥5, AHI≥15, and AHI≥30]. Results: Among the machine learning techniques, KNN showed the best results compared to the other techniques. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision of OSA prediction were 87.0%, 91.0%, 74.4%, and 91.9%, respectively, based on AHI≥5. When the threshold of OSA was AHI≥15 or AHI≥30, KNN provided lower accuracy (79.6% each) and precision (79.0% and 68.7%), which were still higher than those of the other techniques. Conclusions The model derived from the KNN technique exhibited the best performance based on its highest level of accuracy. We demonstrate that this model is a useful tool for predicting OSA.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop models for predicting obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based on easily obtainable clinical information of patients using various machine learning techniques. Methods: We used a data set that included the records of 1,368 patients, in which 1,074 patients were male (78.5 %), and 294 patients were female (21.5 %). We randomly divided the data into a training set (1,000) and test set (368). Five machine learning methods, i.e., support vector machine model, lasso logit model, naïve bayes, discriminant analysis, and K-nearest neighbor (KNN), with a 10-cross fold technique were used with the proposed model to predict OSA. We evaluated the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision of each model for three thresholds [Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI)≥5, AHI≥15, and AHI≥30]. Results: Among the machine learning techniques, KNN showed the best results compared to the other techniques. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision of OSA prediction were 87.0%, 91.0%, 74.4%, and 91.9%, respectively, based on AHI≥5. When the threshold of OSA was AHI≥15 or AHI≥30, KNN provided lower accuracy (79.6% each) and precision (79.0% and 68.7%), which were still higher than those of the other techniques. Conclusions The model derived from the KNN technique exhibited the best performance based on its highest level of accuracy. We demonstrate that this model is a useful tool for predicting OSA.

Objectives: . In extracorporeal septoplasty (ECS), the entire septal cartilage is harvested, and a neo-L strut is built extracorporeally. Thus, ECS can simultaneously achieve septum straightening and tip projection. This study evaluated the functional and esthetic outcomes of the ECS technique for rhinoplasty in Asian patients. Methods: . We conducted a retrospective review of 64 patients who underwent rhinoplasty using ECS between January 2016 and March 2018. Subjective patient satisfaction was assessed and objective surgical outcomes were evaluated. Improvement in nasal obstruction was rated using a visual analog scale (VAS). Anthropometric changes were compared between preoperative and postoperative facial photographs. Complications and revisions were also analyzed. Results: . The participants comprised 64 patients (48 males and 16 females, with a mean age of 29.3 years). The mean operative time was 89.3 minutes. In total, 61 patients were satisfied with the esthetic outcome, and the overall objective rhinoplasty outcome score was 3.45. Preoperative nasal obstruction symptoms (7.9±1.2 on VAS) improved postoperatively (3.1±1.3, P<0.001), and significant improvements were also observed in the nasofrontal angle (152.3° to 148.1°, P<0.001), nasolabial angle (88.8° to 92.0°, P<0.001), and nasal tip projection (0.62 to 0.66, P<0.033). Recurrent deviation of the nasal septum and external nose or tip deprojection did not occur in any patients, and there were no cases of revision during the mean follow-up period of 13.3 months. Conclusion . ECS might be an esthetically and functionally satisfactory alternative rhinoplasty technique for Asian patients with a shortage of septal cartilage.

After the trauma of frontoethmoidal sinus, post-traumatic mucocele may occur. Surgical removal of the lesions rarely produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and even delayed tension pneumocephalus. We experienced a case of fronto-ethmoid mucocele complicated with peri-operative CSF leakage and post-operative tension pneumocephalus which was improved by conservative treatment. It is imperative to take into account the potential for tension pneumocephalus when a patient suffers from severe headache after sinus surgery.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Frontal Sinus ; Headache ; Humans ; Mucocele ; Pneumocephalus*

Cushing disease in children and adolescents, especially with multiple pituitary adenomas (MPAs), is very rare. We report 17-year-old boy with MPAs. He presented with a vertebral compression fracture, weight gain, short stature, headache, and hypertension. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), only a left pituitary microadenoma was found. After surgery, transient clinical improvement was observed but headache and hypertension were observed again after 3 months later. Follow-up MRI showed a newly developed right pituitary microadenoma 6 months after the surgery. The need for careful clinical and radiographic follow-up should be emphasized in the search for potential MPAs in patients with persistent Cushing disease.
Adolescent* ; Child ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Compression* ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion* ; Pituitary Neoplasms* ; Weight Gain

OBJECTIVES: The Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale has been reported as valid and useful measure for assessment of the level and the pattern of nicotine dependence. The aim of this study is to prove the validity and reliability of the Korean version of Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale and find out its predictive effect on smoking cessation. METHODS: 274 smokers who visited the public health center smoking cessation clinic were enrolled in this study. Fagerstrom test and K-NDSS were administered and the subjects started smoking cessation after basic assessment was done with the aid of bupropion and nicotine patch. Six month later smoking cessation success or failure was assessed through self report. RESULTS: K-NDSS factor structure was very similar to the original version of NDSS and has proved to be valid and reliable. Cronbach's alpha for K-NDSS-Total was .90, and Cronbach's alpha for each sub-factors are ranged from .66 to .85. Sub-factor, continuity and stereotypy can predict the possibility of smoking cessation success or failure. CONCLUSION: K-NDSS was proved to be a valid and a reliable measure of nicotine dependence, and its sub-factor continuity and stereotypy has predictive characteristic on smoking cessation.
Bupropion ; Nicotine* ; Public Health ; Reproducibility of Results ; Self Report ; Smoking ; Smoking Cessation ; Tobacco Use Cessation Products ; Tobacco Use Disorder*

PURPOSE: This study investigated the long-term efficacy, safety, and compliance associated with sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in Korean patients with allergic rhinitis sensitized to house dust mites. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study. A total of 164 patients who were sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae and who received SLIT were enrolled between November 2007 and January 2010. Each patient was followed up using a diary card, on which a symptom score, rescue medication score, and adverse events (AEs) were recorded. RESULTS: All allergic rhinitis symptoms improved after 3 years of SLIT (P<0.05), and the rescue medication score decreased with time (P<0.05). The incidence of AEs associated with SLIT was 31% (51 of 164 patients) during the first month of therapy, and there were no severe AEs. The dropout rate was 19.5% (32 of 164 patients) during the first month, 34% (56 of 164 patients) after 6 months, and 41% (68 of 164 patients) after 1 year of SLIT. The 3-year compliance rate was approximately 40% (65 of 164 patients). The most common causes of dropout during the first month of SLIT were high cost and inconvenience. The improvement in allergic symptoms was the most common cause of dropout after 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Allergic symptoms significantly decreased after 1 year of SLIT treatment, and this effect was sustained after 2 or 3 years of treatment. By increasing compliance through patient education, the 3-year use of SLIT for house dust mite allergies may be effective in the management of allergic rhinitis.
Cohort Studies ; Compliance ; Dermatophagoides farinae ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Incidence ; Patient Dropouts ; Patient Education as Topic ; Pyroglyphidae* ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis* ; Sublingual Immunotherapy*

Background and Objectives: The purposes of this study were to compare the purchase rate and adherence regarding the use of two machines, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and automatic positive airway pressure (APAP), and to determine associated factors affecting the purchase rate and adherence of PAP in the treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Subjects and Method From March 2016 to December 2017, 45 patients diagnosed with severe OSA by polysomnography were enrolled in this study. Patients were prescribed CPAP or APAP by one doctor and allowed to decide whether to purchase the machine after a one-month lease period, which was identified as the purchase rate. Adherence was identified as using the machine 4 hight on 70% of nights following the PAP therapy of three months. Results: The adherence rate of CPAP (84%) was statistically and significantly higher than APAP (55%) (p=0.033). However, there was no significant difference in the adherence rate between CPAP (76%) and APAP (63%). The mean pressure and 95th percentile leak were 8.62 cm H2O and 12.97 L/min in the CPAP and 10.55 cm H2O and 20.36 L/min in the APAP, respectively. The mean pressure and 95th percentile leak were significantly lower in CPAP than in APAP (p=0.010 and p=0.014, respectively). Conclusion Although adherence was not significantly different, the purchase rate was significantly higher in the fixed CPAP than in APAP, which may have been influenced by high pressure and leak patients experienced when using the particular PAP machine.