OBJECTIVES: Physical exercise has become popular in recent years. It has been known that exercise is related to the development of heartburn, belching, regurgitation and chest pain. However there are few data concerning the effect of exercise on esophageal motor function and gastroesophageal reflux. We evaluated the effect of exercise intensity on esophageal motor activity and gastroesophageal reflux. METHODS: We studied healthy volunteers (15 males, age: 28+/-5 years, BW: 68+/-10kg) using a 24 hours ambulatory esophageal pressure, pH catheter and portable digital data recorder (Microdigitrapper 4Mb, Synetics Medical, Sweden). Subjects exercised on a treadmill (Marquette Case 15 Electronic INC) at 50% and 70% maximal heart rate for 30 min. Subjects rested 2 hours before exercise (base line) and for 30 min between exercise sessions. RESULTS: 1) Exercise of 50% maximal heart rate reduced total contraction, contraction duration, percentage of simultaneous contraction and repetitive contraction, (P<0.05) but increased percentage of contractions above 20mmHg amplitude (P<0.05). 2) Exercise of 70% maximal heart rate decreased total contraction, esophageal amplitude, contraction duration and percentage of peristaltic contraction, (P<0.05) but increased percentage of simultaneous contraction (P<0.05). 3) Gastroesophageal reflux was not change on both 50% maximal heart rate and 70% maximal heart rate exercise. CONCLUSION: More propulsive esophageal motility are induced following exercise of 50% maximal heart rate, but not 70% maximal heart rate.
Catheters ; Chest Pain ; Eructation ; Exercise ; Gastroesophageal Reflux* ; Healthy Volunteers ; Heart Rate ; Heartburn ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Running*

The effects of different grades of running on esophageal motility and gastroesophageal reflux in the fed state were evaluated. We studied healthy volunteers (male: 12, age: 27+/-5 yr) using ambulatory esophageal manometry, pH catheter and portable digital data recorder. Each exercise was performed 30 min after meal, with 20 min of rest between exercises. Subjects exercised on a treadmill at 40% and 70% maximal heart rate. The number of gastroesophageal reflux episodes, the duration of esophageal acid exposure and percent time pH below 4 were significantly (p<0.01) increased during exercise at 70% maximal heart rate. The frequency of contraction (contraction/min) (p<0.05), frequency of repetition (p<0.01), percent of simultaneous contraction (p<0.01), percent of above 100 mmHg amplitude (p<0.05), and frequency of 2-peak contraction (p<0.01) were significantly increased during exercise at 70% maximal heart rate. However, median amplitude and median duration showed no significant changes between each exercise session. Postprandial running exercises induce gastroesophageal reflux, which correlates with exercise intensity. These effects are mediated by disorganized esophageal motility.
Adult ; *Eating ; Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology/*physiopathology ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology/*physiopathology ; Human ; Male ; Postprandial Period ; *Running

We report a case of atypical eruption due to chemotherapeutic agent in a 60-year-old man who presented with asymptomatic, erythematous, 0.5cm in diameter, confluent, and elevated papules and plaques confined to the face. The patient was previously diagnosed with small cell carcinoma of the lung with liver metastasis. Two months after the diagnosis, a first course of chemotherapy including etoposide was started. Five days after starting the chemotherapy, the patient developed a facial eruption. Histopathologic examination demonstrated increased epidermal mitotic figures, cells in metaphase arrest, basal cell layer hyperpigmentation, prominent dyskeratosis, and squamous atypia. The most distinctive histologic feature was the presence of starburst cells, which are markedly enlarged pale staining keratinocytes containing small basophilic fragments of nuclear debris haphazardly scattered throughout the cytoplasm in a starburst pattern.
Basophils ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Etoposide ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Keratinocytes ; Liver ; Lung ; Metaphase ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Ambulatory BP monitoring was performed in a patients with pheochromocytoma before and after removal of the tumor. Before surgery, it did not show any significant diurnal variation. But, after surgery the diurnal variation was restored.
Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory* ; Blood Pressure* ; Humans ; Pheochromocytoma*

Acute epiglottitis is an inflammatory process of supraglottic region, which involving the epiglottis andhypopharynx region. This disease can be recognized easily radiologically and virtually all death are preventable.The lateral neck radiograph with soft tissuse technique is of critical value when the diagnosis is in doubt andusually characteristic when compared to the normal. Authors reviewed available lateral neck radiograph of 92 casesamong the 95 cases of clinically confirmed adult epiglottitis during 4 years in wallace Memorial Hospital. Theresults are as follows; 1. Male to female sex ratio was 13:2. 2. The most common age group was 4th decade. 3. Themost common clinical symptoms are sore-throat (87%) and dysphagia(87%). 4. The radiologic findings are swelling ofhypopharynx(92%), vallecular narrowing or obliteration (92%), uvula swelling (33%), narrowing of airway adjacentto epiglottis (17%), swelling of prevertebral soft tissue(8%).
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Epiglottis ; Epiglottitis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Sex Ratio ; Uvula

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of combined treatment with high intensity exercise and (-) epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG), a potent free radical scavenger on a transcriptional level of hemoxygenase-1 gene in the large intestine. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (CON, n=7), high intensity exercise group (HIE, n=7), EGCG group (EGCG, n=7), and EGCG plus high intensity exercise group (HIE + EGCG, n=7). Animals were given an intraperitoneal injection of EGCG with 50 mg of dosage per kg for four weeks 30 minutes before exercise. In order to induce HIE animals were allowed to ran on a treadmill with 0 degree of slope at speed of 28 m/min for 30 minutes. The exercise was performed four times a week for four week. The results of this study were as following; The expression level of hemoxygenase-1 mRNA of the high intensity exercise group was 15.21 times higher than that of the control group. The EGCG plus high intensity exercise group showed 5.98 times increased expression level of hemoxygenase-1 mRNA than control group. These results suggest that treatment of EGCG decrease the expression level of HO-1 mRNA through the removal of oxygen radicals produced by a high intensity exercise.
Animals ; Catechin ; Heme ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Intestine, Large ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; RNA, Messenger ; Tea

Ketotifen fumarate (KF) is a widely used drug for prophylaxis and the treatment of allergic conditions. Adverse cutaneous reactions to KF are rare except for dryness of the skin and mouth. To the best of our knowledge, no case of allergic contact dermatitis to ketotifen fumarate has yet been reported in the Korean literature. A 60-year-old woman presented with pruritic erythematous patches on the periorbital area. She had used KF eyedrops (Ketoftil ophthalmic solution(R)) for itchy eyes after cataract surgery, and the periorbital lesions developed four weeks later. The KF eyedrops contained not only KF (0.69 mg/ml) but also benzalkonium chloride (0.1 mg/ml). We performed patch tests with the Korean standard patch test series:KF (0.69 mg/ml, 0.069 mg/ml and 0.0069 mg/ml in aqueous solution), and benzalkonium chloride (0.1% in petrolatum). These patch tests showed weak positive reaction to KF (0.69 mg/ml and 0.069 mg/ml) and nickel sulfate, and a negative reaction to benzalkonium chloride. The skin lesions improved rapidly after stopping the eyedrops and applying a topical steroid. We herein report on a rare case of allergic contact dermatitis to ketotifen fumarate eyedrops.
Benzalkonium Compounds ; Cataract ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ; Eye ; Female ; Humans ; Ketotifen ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Nickel ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Patch Tests ; Skin

We report a first case of meningitis due to listeria monocytogenes after cardiac transplantation in Korea. This patient is a 40-year-old man with Dilated cardiomyopathy, he presented with intermittent dyspnea and abdominal distension for about 1 year. After cardiac transplantation, he was treated with azathioprine, cyclosporine and prednisolone for graft rejection. He was presented with intermittent fever, headache and lethargy for about 10days after cardiac transplantation. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from blood culture and CSF culture. He was treated with intravenous penicillin G for 10days successfully and changed with ampicillin for 10days, took oral ampicillin for 10days without any complication after discharge.
Adult ; Ampicillin ; Azathioprine ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; Cyclosporine ; Dyspnea ; Fever ; Graft Rejection ; Headache ; Heart Transplantation* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Korea ; Lethargy ; Listeria monocytogenes* ; Listeria* ; Meningitis* ; Penicillin G ; Prednisolone

BACKGROUND: Exercise has almost always been intuitively considered beneficial, but although rewards greatly outweigh risks, exercise occasionally produces bad or even fatal outcomes such as acute renal failure or sudden death. Exertional rhabdomyolysis has been occasionally reported in adult patients following such strenuous activities as military basic training, weight lifting, and marathon running. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether exertional rhabdomyolysis developed, and how exercise could influence biochemical markers of rhabdomyolysis during resting, exercise, and recovery period in long-distance runners. METHODS: Twenty-four young long-distance runners who volunteered to participate in the study, trained with running over 200km every week for 2 to 3 years were studied. Levels of serum creatine kinase(CK), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), asparatate amino-transferase (AST), and myoglobin, and urine myoglobin were measured at 24hr(pre-exercise period) before, immediately (post-exercise period), and at 24hr(recovery period) after 10km running. Ten long-distance runners who were randomly selected at 24hr after 10km running, including one complaining of calf pain, and age-matched nine young control students were subjected to bone scan with technetiun-99m methylene diphosphonate(99mTc-MDP) RESULTS: Serum CK activities in pre-exercise period were higher than that of the upper normal range. Serum CK and LDH activities were significantly increased in post-exercise period compared with pre-exercise period(p<0.05), were not decreased to the level of post- exercise in recovery period. The level of serum myoglobin was increased and decreased significantly,(p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively) and urine myoglobin and serum AST activities were remained within nomal range in each period. The mean uptake count of 99mTc-MDP in both lower extremities of runners was significantly greater than that of the control group(p<0.001), and had good correlation with the serum CK activities of post-exercise, and recovery period(r=0.87 p<0.001, r=0.8 p<0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that rhabdomyolysis in the well trained long-distance runners may be developed in low grade, but ongoing injuries during each running. For the diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis in the well trained long-distance runners, serum CK levels are thought to be the most useful marker, and the cut- off value of serum CK levels should be lowered less than usual five times of normal value. A quantitative measurements of 99mTc-MDP uptake with serum CK levels can be more helpful in making the diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis in the well trained long-distance runners.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Adult ; Biomarkers* ; Creatine ; Creatine Kinase ; Death, Sudden ; Diagnosis ; Fatal Outcome ; Humans ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; Lactic Acid ; Lower Extremity ; Military Personnel ; Myoglobin ; Reference Values ; Reward ; Rhabdomyolysis* ; Running ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate ; Weight Lifting

No abstract available.
Ureter*