PURPOSE: To evaluate the optimal pulse sequences in the detection of erosions and for the discrimination of theeffusion from pannus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR studies were performed in thirteen patients with clinical diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. We used a 1.5T MR unit with single or dual 3 inch coil. We compared coronal images at the same location, obtained with pulse sequences of T2, T2 with fat saturation, and postcontrast T1 with fat suppression. Erosions were assessed by comparing the count of the numbers of erosions depending on each imaging method. A four point scoring systems was used for the comparison of conspicuitof lesion. RESULTS: T2WI with fat suppression and postcontreat T1WI with fat suppresison were better than conventional T2WI in the detection of erosions. The pannus had a heterogeneous signal on T2WI, some of which were enhanced after the intravenous injection of MR contrast a gents. CONCLUSION: We suggest that the fat suppression TIWI with enhacnement or the fat suppression T2WI were better than conventional T2WI for detecting both bone erosion and pannus. The postcontrast MR imaging may often be helpul in distinguishing pannus from the effusion.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Diagnosis ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Wrist*

Rickets is a syndrome, characterised pathophysiologically by a failure of normal mineralization of bone and epiphyseal cartilage and clinically by skeletal deformity in growing children. The four principal causes of rickets are; vitamin D deficency, renal tubular insufficiency, chronic renal insufficiency, and hypophosphatasia. Of these, vitamin D resistant rickets may result from primary defect in function of the renal tubular reabsorption for phosphorus, later accompsnied with secondary hyperparathyroidism. We experiened a rare case of hypophosphstemic vitamin D resistant rickets accompanied with secondary hyperparathyroidism in adolescence.
Adolescent ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary ; Hypophosphatasia ; Miners ; Phosphorus ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Rickets ; Vitamin D ; Vitamins

Segmental Spinal Instrumentation(S.S.I.) is more effective means of managing unstable thoraco-lumbar spine fractures than traditional Harrington Rod Instrumentation as an operative procedure which afforded rigid internal fixation with stability and needed minimal external immobilization. Early return to normal activity and successful rehabilitation are facilitated by efficient stabilization with S.S.I. Fifty-nine patients with fractures and fracture-dislocations of thoraco-lumbar spine were treated by Harrington Rod Instrumentation (29 patients) and S.S.I. (30 patients) at this hospital from June 1979 to July 1984. We have analysed the results of these treatment and obtained following conclusions: 1. S.S.I. is more rigid internal fixation than Harrington Rod Instrumentation. a) no or minimal external immobilization b) early ambulation and rehabilitation c) lowered complications 2. There was no significant difference in correction rate, loss of correction, and neurologic recovery between Harrington Rod Instrumentation and S.S.I.
Early Ambulation ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Rehabilitation ; Spine ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

PURPOSE: For the production and evaluation of the tissue-equivalent phantom. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used agarous gel and oil as a basic component of the mixture and added Tween 80 for the stabilization of phantoms. We did the test for homogeneity and measured T1 and T2 relexation times of each phantom tube. RESULTS: T1 relaxation time ranged from 642 to 2781 msec and T2 relaxation times from 42 to 157 msec. Each phantom was significantly different in T1 relaxation time and T2 relaxation time (p < .0001). CONCLUSION: Tissue equivalent phantom may provide good information on the optimal sequence before MR imaging of patients and may be valuable if it is used with the patients' MR imaging.
Agar ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Polysorbates ; Relaxation

The variations of the sigmoid sinus were studied in 50 Korean adults (average age 67). The classification of the shape and a measurement of the diameters of the sinus were done and the morpological. 1. The shape was classified into 4 types, and the round type was the most common in both sides. S shaped type was below 10% in both sides. 2. The breadth was regular in 54% of the right and in 70% of the left sinuses. According to the breadth change, the shape was classified into 4 shapes. 3. The average diameter was 8.6mm on the right side and 7.2mm on the left side. 4. Symmetry was present in 16% of all. 5. The right transverse sinus was absent in 1 case (2%) and the superior petrosal sinus did not open into the sigmoid sinus in 2 cases (4%). 6. Petrosqamous sinus was observed in 16%.
Adult* ; Classification ; Colon, Sigmoid* ; Humans

PURPOSE: We analyzed disease free survival and the prognostic factors of liposarcoma in the extremity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1994 and 2005, of 44 patients who were diagnosed and treated for liposarcoma of the extremity, 40 patients were restrospectively analysed. 13 out of 40 patients got postoperative radiotherapy. We examined local recurrence, distant metastasis and disease free 5-year survival rate. We also analyzed clinical prognostic factors, such as age, gender, size of tumor, prior unplanned excision, histologic type, surgical excision margin and postoperative radiotherapy respectively. RESULTS: There were 3 cases of local recurrence and 4 cases of distant metastasis. The disease free 5-year survival rate was 85.0%. 26 patients presented with myxoid, 8 well differentiated, 4 round cell, 1 pleomorphic and 1 dedifferentiated histology. The disease free 5-year survival rate of mixoid, well differentiated and round cell liposarcoma were 100.0%, 84.6% and 75.0% (p=0.419). The 5-year disease free survival rate was 90.6% in negative surgical margin (n=25) and 62.5% in positive surgical margin (n=15) (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that surgical excision margin is significant prognostic factor for 5-year disease free survival rate.
Disease-Free Survival ; Extremities ; Humans ; Liposarcoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate

We have exprierienced 10 cases of pelvic bone fractures that were treated by Hoffmann's external fixation devices from June, 1979 to June, 1982. As a result, following advantages were noted; 1. Rapid recuction of pain, prevention of serious early complication, and easiness of nursing care were possible. 2. Late complications such as lumbosacral pain and gait disturbance could be preventable in majority of the patients, as well as shortening the duration of the hospitalization.
External Fixators ; Fracture Fixation ; Gait ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Nursing Care ; Pelvic Bones

The Primary objectives of total hip replacement arthroplasty are not only to relieve pain, but to improve motion and function. The range of motion following total hip replacement arthroplasty depends on several factors, especially the position of acetabular cup and femoral stem. Also the oriental need more flexion and abduction in hip motion for squarting position as compared with the European who have different living activity. We studied in vitro biomechanical evaluation of proper position of acetabular cup and femoral stem for T.H.R.A. The following results were obtained: l. Effect of component orientation on R.O.M. 2. Acceptable position of prosthesis was as follows: Acetabular cup: inclination 40–50 degree, anteversion 20–30 degree, Femoral stem: anteversion 0–10 degree. 3. The sum of ideal anteversion of the two components was 30–35 degree 4. Oriental sitting position was performed normally in the ideal position of the prosthesis 5. Acetabular cup is likely insert in the position as far as post sup rim of acetabulum mightbe feasible to be full recovered.
Acetabulum ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Hip ; In Vitro Techniques ; Prostheses and Implants ; Range of Motion, Articular

No abstract available.
Fetus* ; Humans* ; Mesencephalon* ; Serotonergic Neurons*

Thyroid acropachy is a rare complication of Graves' disease, manifested by clubbing of the terminal phalanges, periosteal new bone formation and overlying soft tissue swelling, It may occur when the patient is hypothyroid, euthyroid or hyperthyroid. In most cases, it is a part of the syndrome, including exophthalmos and/or pretibial myxedema. The authors have experienced one case of thyroid acropachy and report with a review of the literature review. The patient a 56-year-old female with a characteristic feathery new bone formation on the medial side of the shaft of the left first metatarsal bone and overlying soft tissue swelling. However, there was no pretibial myxedema and clubbing of fingers. She was hypothyroid and treated with systemic corticosteroid for mild pain and persistent swelling. The treatment had temporarily improved the patient's condition.
Exophthalmos ; Female ; Fingers ; Graves Disease ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones ; Middle Aged ; Myxedema ; Osteogenesis ; Thyroid Gland*