OBJECTIVETo identify the direct causes of drug relapse and abstainers' demand, and to develop programs for the prevention of drug relapse.

METHODSAbstainers in a Compulsive Detoxification Center in Wuhan City, capital of Hubei Province were randomly selected. An investigation on the direct causes of drug relapse and abstainers' demands was conducted with multiple-choice questionnaires and face to face interviews. Data were analyzed with SPSS 12.0.

RESULTSThe direct causes leading to drug relapse included: temptation to use drug again by themselves or by their drug mates, seeking pleasure and ecstasy from drug use, relatively well off living, mental stress, irritation, demoralization, family conflicts, unemployment, feeling distrusted by the family, lack of care and love from the family, and discrimination by others. abstainers' demands after detoxification and returning to the society included: care and support from the family, employment assistance, changing living environment, understanding by others, support from the society, and keeping far away from drugs.

CONCLUSIONSEnvironmental factors are the direct causes of drug relapse, and negative irritation is its predisposing causes. Leaving former residence, more care and help given by both the family and the society and raising their overall quality of life are the demands of abstainers.

Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Compliance ; Recurrence ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Substance-Related Disorders ; psychology ; rehabilitation ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the personality and mental health of the objects of substance (caffeine, cocaine, hallucinogens and so on) abstinence who got labor education and rehabilitation. METHODS: 258 male objects and 250 female objects of substance abstinence selected randomly from institutions of labor education and rehabilitation were assessed with MMPI and SCL-90. RESULTS: MMPI tests indicated the personality abnormality in the objects. SCL-90 tests manifested the mental health abnormality of them compared with Chinese models, especially in the female objects. CONCLUSION More attention should be paid on the mental health of the objects of substance abstinence.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Hypochondriasis/psychology* ; MMPI ; Male ; Mental Health ; Middle Aged ; Paranoid Behavior/psychology* ; Personality Disorders/psychology* ; Personality Tests ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ; Substance-Related Disorders/rehabilitation* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine whether a blended Infant MassageeParenting Enhancement Program (IMPEP) improved maternal psychosocial health outcomes (parenting stress, depressive symptoms, self-esteem, maternal attachment) and maternal-infant interaction among substanceaddicted mothers (SAMs) actively engaged in outpatient rehabilitation. METHODS: Designed as a randomized, three-group controlled trial testing two levels of psychoeducational intervention (IMPEP vs. PEP) and a control group (standard care parenting resources), the studywas conducted in two substance abuse centers in southeast Florida on a convenience sample of 138 recovering SAM-infant pairs. IMPEP or PEP classes were held weekly onWeeks 2e5, with data collected at baseline (Week 1),Week 6, andWeek 12 via structured interviews, observation (Observation Checklist onMaternal-Infant Interaction), and self-administered questionnaires (Abidin Parenting Stress Index, Beck Depression Inventory, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Muller's Maternal Attachment Inventory), analyzed descriptively and inferentially using Kruskall-Wallis analysis of variance and post hoc Wilcoxon rank sum and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: Both IMPEP and PEP groups had significantly increased Parenting Stress Index scores (decreased parenting stress) and decreased Beck Depression Inventory scores (decreased depressive symptoms) compared to controls at Week 12, whereas there were no clinically meaningful differences among study groups in Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Muller's Maternal Attachment Inventory, or Observation Checklist on Maternal-Infant Interaction scores. Only the IMPEP group showed significant improvements in both psychological and physical (waist-hip ratio) measures of parenting stress over time. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that infant massage blended into a structured parenting program has value-added effects in decreasing parenting stress and maternal depressive symptoms, but not on SAM's self-esteem, attachment, or maternal-infant interaction.
Adult ; Depressive Disorder/*prevention & control ; Female ; Florida ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Massage ; Maternal Behavior/*psychology ; Mother-Child Relations/*psychology ; Mothers/*education/*psychology ; Parenting/*psychology ; Program Evaluation ; Self Concept ; Stress, Psychological ; Substance-Related Disorders/*psychology/rehabilitation ; Young Adult