No abstract available.
Humans* ; Submandibular Gland*

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Submandibular Gland*

Humans ; Submandibular Gland ; abnormalities

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cats* ; Submandibular Gland*

No abstract available.
Submandibular Gland* ; Tuberculosis*

Submandibular gland enlargement in assoication with general anesthesia is an unusual complication and easy to be unnoticeable. This report describes a case of bilateral enlargement of submandibular gland that developed just after failure of inserting Intubating LMA (ILMA) during stormy induction. The submandibular gland enlargement was benign, rubbery in consistency, without crepitus and not massive to inhibit ventilation. The patient's airway could be maintained with LMA. The mechanism of the occurrence remains unknown, but several factors that are most closely associated with this event are parasympathetic hyperactivity, physical obstruction by ILMA. This enlagement was gradually decreased in size within 1 hour and massaged gently and could not be palpated 3 hours later.
Anesthesia, General ; Submandibular Gland* ; Ventilation

BACKGROUND: The conventional transcervical resection for submandibular gland disease has some risks and an unsatisfactory cosmetic result. Recently, robot-assisted surgery has been developed as a plausible substitute for conventional surgery which provides an excellent cosmetic outcome. CASE PRESENTATION: The authors performed robot-assisted sialadenectomy via modified facelift incision using the da Vinci Xi surgical system (Intuitive Surgical Inc., CA, USA) with two endowrist arms (monopolar curved scissors and Maryland bipolar forceps) successfully in a 44-year-old female patient who suffered from sialolith and severe atrophic submandibular gland. CONCLUSIONS: If similar studies are done in the future, this robot-assisted sialadenectomy may become established as an alternative to existing disadvantageous surgical methods.
Adult ; Arm ; Female ; Humans ; Maryland ; Rhytidoplasty* ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Submandibular Gland Diseases ; Submandibular Gland*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the injury stress responses caused by ischemia reperfusion and its effects on the salivary secretory function of rat submandibular glands.

METHODSAn in situ ischemia reperfusion experimental model of rat submandibular glands was developed. The rat submandibular glands were subjected to 90 min of ischemia without denervation followed by reperfusion for 1, 12, 24, and 72 h. Salivary secretion, histological changes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and cellular apoptosis of the involved submandibular glands were detected after reperfusion.

RESULTSThe secretory function of the glands decreased at 1 and 12 h, and the saliva secretion gradually had the same value as that of the control sample 72 h after reperfusion. Increasing inflammatory cells infiltration, cellular atrophy, and tissue edema were observed especially after reperfusion for 12 h. The level of ROS and the number of apoptotic cells exhibited the same tendency, and higher ROS levels and more apoptosis cells 1 and 12 h after reperfusion were observed.

CONCLUSIONOur study suggests that ischemia reperfusion can cause a series of injury stress responses in submandibular glands, which might have an important function in the early phase dysfunction of transplanted submandibular glands.

No abstract available.
Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases* ; Hypoglossal Nerve* ; Submandibular Gland*

Sialolithiasis is the common pathology of salivary gland. The size of sialoliths vary from 1 mm to a few cm, but most of that are less than 10 mm. Large sialoliths (larger than 15 mm) are extremely rare. It is called Giant sialolithiasis or megalith. Symptom of the giant sialolithiasis is similar to that of regular sialolithiasis. First choice of treatment is removal of the stone. Many literatures reported various methods to remove the sialoliths. For this case report, we accidentally found the giant sialolith on the computed tomography taken for dental implant, and successfully removed the stone by minimal invasive surgical approach. Base on this result, we report this case with literature reviews.
Dental Implants ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Salivary Glands ; Submandibular Gland