1.Mental Health Status of Korean Adolescents according to Daily Sleep Time and Subjective Sleep Satisfaction
Yulim NAM ; Subin PARK ; MinKyung JO ; Chuleung KIM
Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine 2018;26(1):44-50
OBJECTIVES: Insufficient sleep could have harmful effects on mental health. We examined the mental health status of Korean adolescents according to daily sleep time and subjective sleep satisfaction using a nationwide representative sample of Korean adolescents. METHODS: Data from the 2016 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey was used. Sleep duration on weekdays and subjective sleep satisfaction during the past week were asked. Participants' perceived health, happiness, stress, depressive mood, and suicidality during past 12 months were also investigated. Participants were classified by mean duration of daily sleep time and the level of sleep satisfaction, and the odds of having mental health problems were compared. RESULTS: Compared to adolescents who slept more than 6 hours per day and satisfied with their sleep, adolescents who slept less than 6 hours per day and/or dissatisfied with their sleep were less likely to perceive themselves healthy and happy. They were also more likely to have severe stress, depressive mood, and suicidality, with highest odds ratios among adolescents with both short and dissatisfying sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Given the significant associations between sleep insufficiency and mental health problems, attention to the sleep shortage among Korean adolescents is needed. Prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the causal relationships between subjective and objective sleep insufficiency and psychiatric conditions.
Adolescent
;
Depression
;
Happiness
;
Humans
;
Mental Health
;
Odds Ratio
;
Prospective Studies
;
Risk-Taking
;
Suicidal Ideation
2.Analyzing Untreated Alcohol Use Disorder and Factors Related to Help-Seeking Status
Soo Jung RIM ; MinKyung JO ; Junghyun H. LEE ; Subin PARK
Psychiatry Investigation 2021;18(10):936-942
Objective:
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a global burden but is also one of the most undertreated mental disorders. This study estimates the treatment rate (i.e., help-seeking status) of high-risk drinkers and factors associated with not receiving treatment in Korea using nationally representative National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) data.
Methods:
Among 1,025,340 participants, we eliminated those under 20 and those who did not respond to the question regarding alcohol consumption. High-risk drinkers were classified based on their frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption (4 or more drinks for women, 5 or more drinks for men per day on average). In total, 32,225 high-risk drinkers were checked for an actual AUD diagnosis to see their treatment-seeking status.
Results:
Among 32,225 high-risk drinkers, only 1.24% had an AUD diagnosis, showing that over 98% of those who could be diagnosed with AUD are not seeking treatment. Factors associated with not seeking treatment were female sex, BMI higher or equal to 18.6, former smoker, middle-aged, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI).
Conclusion
Our data show that many high-risk drinkers do not seek treatment in Korea. Experts, policymakers, and clinicians should promote help-seeking behavior for AUD and pay close attention to those at risk of not receiving treatment for AUD.
3.The TNF-NF-κB-DKK1 Axis Promoted Bone Formation in the Enthesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis
Sungsin JO ; Bora NAM ; Young Lim LEE ; Hyosun PARK ; Subin WEON ; Sung-Hoon CHOI ; Ye-Soo PARK ; Tae-Hwan KIM
Journal of Rheumatic Diseases 2021;28(4):216-224
Objective:
This study aimed to determine the serum Dickkopf 1 (DKK1) levels in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients and decipher the mechanism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated DKK1 regulation in human AS enthesis cells.
Methods:
The sera were obtained from 103 patients with AS and 30 healthy controls (HCs). The enthesis of facet joints were obtained from 4 AS patients and 5 controls. The serum levels of DKK1 were measured using ELISA and compared between AS and HCs. The impact of TNF on DKK1 expression in human primary spinal enthesis cells was evaluated using various molecular biology techniques and bone formation indicators.
Results:
AS patients showed higher serum DKK1 levels than HCs after adjusting for age (917.4 [615.3∼1,310.0] pg/mL vs. 826.2 [670.3∼927.8] pg/mL, p=0.043). TNF treatment promoted bone formation and DKK1 expression in both control enthesis cells and those of AS. This enhanced bone formation by TNF was pronounced in AS-enthesis than those of controls. Mechanically, TNF induced NF-κB activation upregulates the DKK1 transcript level. While, NF-κB inhibitor led to downregulate DKK1 expression in the enthesis. Besides, DKK1 overexpression promoted bone formation in enthesis.
Conclusion
TNF induced DKK1 expression in the enthesis through NF-κB activation. TNF-induced DKK1 expression may play a bone formation in the radiologic progression of ankylosing spondylitis.
4.The TNF-NF-κB-DKK1 Axis Promoted Bone Formation in the Enthesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis
Sungsin JO ; Bora NAM ; Young Lim LEE ; Hyosun PARK ; Subin WEON ; Sung-Hoon CHOI ; Ye-Soo PARK ; Tae-Hwan KIM
Journal of Rheumatic Diseases 2021;28(4):216-224
Objective:
This study aimed to determine the serum Dickkopf 1 (DKK1) levels in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients and decipher the mechanism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated DKK1 regulation in human AS enthesis cells.
Methods:
The sera were obtained from 103 patients with AS and 30 healthy controls (HCs). The enthesis of facet joints were obtained from 4 AS patients and 5 controls. The serum levels of DKK1 were measured using ELISA and compared between AS and HCs. The impact of TNF on DKK1 expression in human primary spinal enthesis cells was evaluated using various molecular biology techniques and bone formation indicators.
Results:
AS patients showed higher serum DKK1 levels than HCs after adjusting for age (917.4 [615.3∼1,310.0] pg/mL vs. 826.2 [670.3∼927.8] pg/mL, p=0.043). TNF treatment promoted bone formation and DKK1 expression in both control enthesis cells and those of AS. This enhanced bone formation by TNF was pronounced in AS-enthesis than those of controls. Mechanically, TNF induced NF-κB activation upregulates the DKK1 transcript level. While, NF-κB inhibitor led to downregulate DKK1 expression in the enthesis. Besides, DKK1 overexpression promoted bone formation in enthesis.
Conclusion
TNF induced DKK1 expression in the enthesis through NF-κB activation. TNF-induced DKK1 expression may play a bone formation in the radiologic progression of ankylosing spondylitis.
5.Self-Injurious Behavior Rate in the Short-Term Period of the COVID-19Pandemic in Korea
Se Jin PARK ; Soo Jung RIM ; Minkyung JO ; Min Geu LEE ; Gyurin KIM ; Subin PARK
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2022;37(6):e45-
Background:
The objective of this study was to investigate the trend of self-injurious behavior (SIB) among persons who were directly impacted by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially those with pre-existing mental disorders.
Methods:
Using the National Health Insurance Service-COVID-19 database cohort, the monthly SIB rate was calculated by COVID-19 subgroups (i.e., positive for COVID-19 test, negative for COVID-19 test, and non-COVID-19 test [control]). In addition, moderated regression analysis was utilized to examine the statistical difference of SIB (suicide attempt and non-suicidal self-injury using ICD-10 code) trend between COVID-19 subgroups and with and without pre-existing mental disorder.
Results:
A total of 328,373 persons were included in the cohort study. Of these, 212,678 had been tested for COVID-19, and 7,713 of them were confirmed positive. During the pandemic peak, the “negative for COVID-19” group showed a large increase (P = 0.003) in SIB rates compared to the control group, the “positive for COVID-19” group showed a decreasing trend, but not significant (P = 0.314). Among those who were tested for COVID-19, those with pre-existing mental disorders showed an increasing trend of SIB compared to those without pre-existing mental disorders, however statistically insignificant (P= 0.137).
Conclusion
Our results suggest that people who are tested for COVID-19 are at a high risk of SIB during the peak COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, screening for suicide risk and psychological interventions is needed for these high-risk groups.
6.The Trend of Psychiatric Visits and Psychiatric Medication Prescription Among People Tested for SARS-CoV-2 During the Initial Phase of COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea
Jungeun KIM ; Soo Jung RIM ; Minkyung JO ; Min Geu LEE ; Subin PARK
Psychiatry Investigation 2022;19(1):61-71
Objective:
The objective of this study was to monitor the trend of psychiatric visits and medication prescriptions among people tested for SARS-CoV-2 during the initial phase of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in South Korea.
Methods:
We conducted a population-based cohort study using data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) linked to the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) data. The overall trend of psychiatric visits during COVID-19 for each month was compared to the month prior to COVID-19. The number of psychiatric medication prescription records was monitored from January 2019 to May 2020.
Results:
A total of 212,678 individuals were tested for SARS-CoV-2 between January 2020 and May 2020. Among these individuals, 72.1% (n=153,309) did not have pre-existing mental illness, and 27.9% (n=59,369) had pre-existing mental illness. We found that most psychiatric visits were made in March, and patients without pre-existing mental illness significantly increased in psychiatric outpatients during the COVID-19 pandemic (p trend<0.001). In addition, psychiatric medication prescriptions were the most prescribed between March and April 2020.
Conclusion
We identified a rising trend in psychiatric visits and medication prescriptions among people who were tested for SARSCoV-2 during the initial phase of COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea.
7.The Cumulative Effect of Antipsychotic Usage on Mortality in Schizophrenia: A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study in Korea
Gyurin KIM ; Soo Jung RIM ; Minkyung JO ; Min Geu LEE ; Se Jin PARK ; Subin PARK
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience 2022;20(3):573-577
Objective:
To investigate the cumulative effect of antipsychotics at different dosages on mortality in patients with schizophrenia.
Methods:
We analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance System−National Sample Cohort covering the 2002−2013 period. We used Cox regression analysis to calculate hazard ratios for mortality risks according to cumulative antipsychotic exposure levels (low, moderate, and high).
Results:
Our analyses revealed no significant association between antipsychotic exposure and mortality (either all-cause or cause-specific) in patients with schizophrenia.
Conclusion
Our results imply that the excess mortality of patients with schizophrenia is attributable to factors other than antipsychotic usage.
8.Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LM1215 onCandida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis
Won-Young BAE ; Young Jin LEE ; Subin JO ; So Lim SHIN ; Tae-Rahk KIM ; Minn SOHN ; Hyun-Joo SEOL
Yonsei Medical Journal 2024;65(12):727-740
Purpose:
The aim of this study was to identify novel vaginal probiotics with the potential to prevent vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and bacterial vaginosis (BV).
Materials and Methods:
Eighteen strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum were isolated from healthy Korean women, and their antimicrobial effects against Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis were assessed. Three strains (L. plantarum LM1203, LM1209, and LM1215) were selected for further investigation, focusing on their growth inhibition, biofilm regulation, and cellular mechanisms against these vaginal pathogens. Additionally, electron microscopy revealed damage to G. vaginalis induced by L.plantarum LM1215, and genomic analysis was conducted on this strain.
Results:
L. plantarum LM1203, LM1209, and LM1215 showed approximately 1 and 2 Log CFU/mL growth reduction in C. albicans and G. vaginalis, respectively. These L. plantarum strains effectively inhibited biofilm formation and eliminated the mature biofilms formed by C. albicans. Furthermore, L. plantarum LM1215 decreased tricarboxylic acid cycle activity by 51.75 (p<0.001) and respiratory metabolic activity by 52.88% (p<0.001) in G. vaginalis. L. plantarum induced cellular membrane damage, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell wall collapse in G. vaginalis. Genomic analysis confirmed L. plantarum LM1215 as a safe strain for vaginal probiotics.
Conclusion
The L. plantarum LM1215 is considered a safe probiotic agent suitable for the prevention of VVC and BV.
9.Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LM1215 onCandida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis
Won-Young BAE ; Young Jin LEE ; Subin JO ; So Lim SHIN ; Tae-Rahk KIM ; Minn SOHN ; Hyun-Joo SEOL
Yonsei Medical Journal 2024;65(12):727-740
Purpose:
The aim of this study was to identify novel vaginal probiotics with the potential to prevent vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and bacterial vaginosis (BV).
Materials and Methods:
Eighteen strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum were isolated from healthy Korean women, and their antimicrobial effects against Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis were assessed. Three strains (L. plantarum LM1203, LM1209, and LM1215) were selected for further investigation, focusing on their growth inhibition, biofilm regulation, and cellular mechanisms against these vaginal pathogens. Additionally, electron microscopy revealed damage to G. vaginalis induced by L.plantarum LM1215, and genomic analysis was conducted on this strain.
Results:
L. plantarum LM1203, LM1209, and LM1215 showed approximately 1 and 2 Log CFU/mL growth reduction in C. albicans and G. vaginalis, respectively. These L. plantarum strains effectively inhibited biofilm formation and eliminated the mature biofilms formed by C. albicans. Furthermore, L. plantarum LM1215 decreased tricarboxylic acid cycle activity by 51.75 (p<0.001) and respiratory metabolic activity by 52.88% (p<0.001) in G. vaginalis. L. plantarum induced cellular membrane damage, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell wall collapse in G. vaginalis. Genomic analysis confirmed L. plantarum LM1215 as a safe strain for vaginal probiotics.
Conclusion
The L. plantarum LM1215 is considered a safe probiotic agent suitable for the prevention of VVC and BV.
10.Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LM1215 onCandida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis
Won-Young BAE ; Young Jin LEE ; Subin JO ; So Lim SHIN ; Tae-Rahk KIM ; Minn SOHN ; Hyun-Joo SEOL
Yonsei Medical Journal 2024;65(12):727-740
Purpose:
The aim of this study was to identify novel vaginal probiotics with the potential to prevent vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and bacterial vaginosis (BV).
Materials and Methods:
Eighteen strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum were isolated from healthy Korean women, and their antimicrobial effects against Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis were assessed. Three strains (L. plantarum LM1203, LM1209, and LM1215) were selected for further investigation, focusing on their growth inhibition, biofilm regulation, and cellular mechanisms against these vaginal pathogens. Additionally, electron microscopy revealed damage to G. vaginalis induced by L.plantarum LM1215, and genomic analysis was conducted on this strain.
Results:
L. plantarum LM1203, LM1209, and LM1215 showed approximately 1 and 2 Log CFU/mL growth reduction in C. albicans and G. vaginalis, respectively. These L. plantarum strains effectively inhibited biofilm formation and eliminated the mature biofilms formed by C. albicans. Furthermore, L. plantarum LM1215 decreased tricarboxylic acid cycle activity by 51.75 (p<0.001) and respiratory metabolic activity by 52.88% (p<0.001) in G. vaginalis. L. plantarum induced cellular membrane damage, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell wall collapse in G. vaginalis. Genomic analysis confirmed L. plantarum LM1215 as a safe strain for vaginal probiotics.
Conclusion
The L. plantarum LM1215 is considered a safe probiotic agent suitable for the prevention of VVC and BV.