No abstract available.
Subarachnoid Space* ; Syringomyelia*

The authors present a case of intracerebral ependymal cyst involving the left parietal lobe. The cyst had no communication with ventricular system or subarachnoid space. The clinicopathological features, radiological findings and surgical treatments are discussed including a review of literatures.
Parietal Lobe ; Subarachnoid Space

A hyperintensity in the subarachnoid space on fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) images is often caused by diseases such as subarachnoid hemorrhage or meningitis. Oxygen has a known paramagnetic effect and also causes signal changes in the subarachnoid space on FLAIR images. These changes usually develop when the inspired air contains a high oxygen fraction. Here we present a patient with a hyperintensity in the subarachnoid space on FLAIR images whose inspired air contained only a low oxygen fraction.
Humans ; Meningitis ; Oxygen* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Subarachnoid Space*

Most of Tarlov or perineurial cysts remain asymptomatic throughout the patient's life. The pathogenesis is still unclear. Hemorrhage has been suggested as one of the possible causes and trauma with resultant hemorrhage into subarachnoid space has been suggested as an origin of these cysts. However, Tarlov cysts related to spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage has not been reported. The authors report a case of Tarlov cyst which was symptomatic following spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Hemorrhage ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Subarachnoid Space ; Tarlov Cysts

Cysticercosis of the central nerve system seldom involves spinal structures. When it does, the parasites grow much more often in the subarachnoid space than within the cord or epidural space. Recently we have experienced a cases of intramedullary cysticercosis in thoracic cord, which was characterized by paraparesis and voiding difficulty of 1 1/2 years duration in 34-year old man, and the patient's symptoms were improved after operation. We discuss this rare condition with brief review of the literature relevant to spinal cysticercosis.
Adult ; Cysticercosis* ; Epidural Space ; Humans ; Paraparesis ; Parasites ; Subarachnoid Space

There are several mechanisms for the dissemination of lipid material from a mature teratoma into the subarachnoid space or ventricles, including iatrogenic or traumatic rupture, but spontaneous rupture of a mature teratoma is rare. We report the spontaneous rupture of a spinal mature teratoma into the subarachnoid space and ventricles. However, at surgery, there was no definite evidence of rupture into the perimedullary cerebrospinal fluid. We postulate that the central canal could be a migration pathway for ruptured material into the brain.
Brain ; Rupture ; Rupture, Spontaneous ; Subarachnoid Space ; Teratoma

The case of a 30-year-old woman with a spinal extradural meningeal cyst in the thoracolumbar region is reported. The cyst was detected in the retromedullary space between vertebra T12 and L3. A Dural defect was found in the operation field and through the defect, there was communication between the cystic cavity and the subarachnoid space. Closure of the defect, with partial resection of the cystic wall, was sufficient to obliterate the cystic cavity.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Spine ; Subarachnoid Space

Intracranial ependymal cysts are rare, congenital, benign lesions. These commonly occur in the supratentorial regions and usually generate no symptoms. The cerebellopontine angle (CPA) is an extremely rare site for ependymal cysts. Furthermore, there are no previous reports of CPA ependymal cysts related to syncope. We report a case of ependymal cyst in the left CPA with syncope. The patient underwent a cardiologic evaluation for syncope after admission, but there were no definite cardiologic abnormal findings. He underwent fenestration into the subarachnoid space, and the pathologic diagnosis revealed an ependymal cyst. We analyzed this case with review of other literatures.
Cerebellopontine Angle ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Subarachnoid Space ; Syncope*

OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that the presence of a pharmacologically inactive foreign substance, polystyrene latex bead, in subarachnoid space activates a non-specific immunological response and elicits arterial narrowing. In vivo study was undertaken to characterize vascular reactivity of bead-induced constriction. METHODS: The spasm models similar to that by subarachnoid blood injection were created by injection of bead(5 volume% or 10 volume %) into rabbit cisterna magna. The basilar artery was visualized using transclival exposure, and its diameter was monitored using videomicroscopy on day two after cisternal injection. Consequently, many kinds of vasodilators such as papaverine, endothelin receptor antagonist, nicardipine, H7, dibutyryl-c-AMP, 8-bromo-c-GMP, nitroglycerine, forskolin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and cromakalim were topically applied to determine what vasodilators attenuate arterial constriction induced by bead in 31 rabbits. RESULTS: Injection of bead elicited an arterial constriction, reducing arterial diameter to 78.5% of resting tone in 5 volume% and 67.7% in 10 volume%. ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator, cromakalim, inhibited 5 volume% or 10 volume% bead induced constriction. This effect achieved statistical significance (p<0.05) at a concentration of 10nM. However, other vasodilators did not make a significant vasodilatation of bead induced constriction. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that inactivation of ATP-sensitive potassium channel by inflammation is possibly responsible for the polysytrene latex bead-induced vasospasm, and support the concept that targeting vascular potassium channels can be of benefit in preventing the development of vasospasm.
Basilar Artery ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Cisterna Magna ; Colforsin ; Constriction ; Cromakalim ; Inflammation ; Latex* ; Microscopy, Video ; Microspheres* ; Nicardipine ; Nitroglycerin ; Papaverine ; Polystyrenes* ; Potassium Channels ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Endothelin ; Spasm* ; Subarachnoid Space ; Vasodilation ; Vasodilator Agents

OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that the presence of a pharmacologically inactive foreign substance, polystyrene latex bead, in subarachnoid space activates a non-specific immunological response and elicits arterial narrowing. In vivo study was undertaken to characterize vascular reactivity of bead-induced constriction. METHODS: The spasm models similar to that by subarachnoid blood injection were created by injection of bead(5 volume% or 10 volume %) into rabbit cisterna magna. The basilar artery was visualized using transclival exposure, and its diameter was monitored using videomicroscopy on day two after cisternal injection. Consequently, many kinds of vasodilators such as papaverine, endothelin receptor antagonist, nicardipine, H7, dibutyryl-c-AMP, 8-bromo-c-GMP, nitroglycerine, forskolin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and cromakalim were topically applied to determine what vasodilators attenuate arterial constriction induced by bead in 31 rabbits. RESULTS: Injection of bead elicited an arterial constriction, reducing arterial diameter to 78.5% of resting tone in 5 volume% and 67.7% in 10 volume%. ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator, cromakalim, inhibited 5 volume% or 10 volume% bead induced constriction. This effect achieved statistical significance (p<0.05) at a concentration of 10nM. However, other vasodilators did not make a significant vasodilatation of bead induced constriction. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that inactivation of ATP-sensitive potassium channel by inflammation is possibly responsible for the polysytrene latex bead-induced vasospasm, and support the concept that targeting vascular potassium channels can be of benefit in preventing the development of vasospasm.
Basilar Artery ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Cisterna Magna ; Colforsin ; Constriction ; Cromakalim ; Inflammation ; Latex* ; Microscopy, Video ; Microspheres* ; Nicardipine ; Nitroglycerin ; Papaverine ; Polystyrenes* ; Potassium Channels ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Endothelin ; Spasm* ; Subarachnoid Space ; Vasodilation ; Vasodilator Agents