Objective To analyze the distribution of Escherichia(E .) coli in clinical infection and its drug resistance situation to provide the scientific evidence for the control of outside hospital infection and nosocomial infection and clinical rational drug use . Methods E .coli isolated situation among various types of clinical samples in our hospital during 5 years from January 2010 to De‐cember 2014 ,its department distribution and drug resistance were analyzed .Results The isolated 2 405 strains of E .coli were mainly originated from urine samples (1 049 strains ,43 .60% ) and sputum samples (562 strains ,3 .4% ) .In which the detection rate of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase(ESBLs)producing E .coli was 57 .92% ;the resistance rate of E .coli to the most antibacterial drugs including penicillins ,cephalosporins ,fluroquinolones ,aminoglycosides and sulfonamides was more than 50% ,the drugs with the resistance less than 10% were imipenem(0) ,meropenem(0) ,piperacillin/tazobactam(4 .6% ) ,cefoperazone/sulbactam(6 .4% ) and cefoxitin (7 .7% ) ,the resistance to partial third and fourth generation cephalosporins of ceftriaxone ,cefotaxime and cefepime showed the significantly increasing trend .Conclusion E .coli has relatively serious drug resistance situation in hospital‐acquired in‐fections ,clinic should strengthen the pathogen distribution monitoring and drug resistance detection for avoiding the generation of more drug resistant strains in order to reduce the bacterial drug resistance and the hospital infection rate .

Aim To observe the effects of total flavones of hippophae rhamnoides L on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and the MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression in cardiac tissues of rats,and to explore the protective mechanism of total flavones of hippophae rhamnoides L on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods Fifty rats were classified into 4 groups by using the random grouping principle:model group,losartan group,sindacon group of different doses and sham operation group.The myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established by ligating left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 minutes and releasing then.The cardiac muscle tissue was stained by HE to observe its necrosis area and pathological changes as well as the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1by immunohistochemistry method.Results HE sections showed that necrosis of cardiac muscle in rats was significantly relieved in sindacon group by using different doses compared with model group,and immunohistochemistry sections showed that the sindacon group using different doses decreased the expression of MMP-9 compared with the model group and increased the expression of TIMP-1.Conclusion Sindacon has protective effect on cardiac muscle after the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,and its mechanism may be related to its inhibition of the MMP-9 and increasing TMPM-1 expression in cardiac muscle.

To providing evidence about nitrogen adequate application of Platycodon grandiflorum, the pot culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen on the growth, physiological metabolism and the quality of P. grandiflorum. The activity of NR, GS and SOD, POD and CAT were determined. And the nitrate and ammonium nitrogen content, photosynthetic characteristics, active components of P. grandiflorum were determined. The results showed that the nitrate nitrogen content and P. biomass reached its maximum value, when NH4(+)-N/NO3(-) -N was 0: 100, the activity of NR. The activity of GS was the highest at the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 25:75 and ammonium nitrogen content was the highest at 75:25. The activity of SOD decreased and then increased with the increasing of NO3(-) -N. At the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 25: 75, the activity of CAT had its maximum value and the content of MDA had the minimum value. At the same time, the content of platycodon D was the highest at this treatment. The studies had shown that different nitrogen forms and ratio had a significant effect on the characteristics of photosynthetic physiology, nitrogen metabolism and resistance adjustment, growth and the quality of P. grandiflorum. The NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 25: 75 was a suitable ratio of nitrogen forms for the growth of P. Grandiflorum and accumulating the content of platycodon D.
Ammonium Compounds ; metabolism ; Biomass ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; metabolism ; Nitrates ; metabolism ; Photosynthesis ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Platycodon ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism

The paper described the necessity of the doctor-patient information exchange platform,and defects found in existing platforms. Such a platform is conducive to higher hospital informationization, better patient satisfaction, and better social and economic benefits of the hospital.The hospital may improve its quality of care and patient satisfaction by means of the platform

Classic problem-based learning ( PBL ) was applied in a medical microbiology course.The results of questionnaire survey showed most of the students were satisfied with the whole learning program.They thought the case was appropriate,and the discussing could increase their understanding of the knowledge.Based on the problems faced during the application and the students' feedback,the duty of the tutors,summary of the learning topic,arrangement of the course,application of different teaching methods,and selection of the tutors were discussed in detail.

Anaplasmosis ; complications ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Lyme Disease ; complications

Aim: To investigate the effect of catalpol-mediated autophagy on oxidative damage of cardiomyocytes induced by glucose deprivation based on estrogen receptor(ER) and the related mechanism. Methods: The cardiomyocytes (H9c2) injury model in rat was induced by glucose deprivation for 6 h. The protective effect of catalpol on H9c2 injury and its mechanism were observed. The cells were divided into five groups: control group, model group, catalpol group (0. 28, 2. 8, 28 μmol · L-1). The effects of catalpol on reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cells were detected, and the effect of catalpol on autophagy was assessed by electron microscopy. ER blockers was used to detect whether the protective effect of catalpol on oxidative damage was related to ER. Lentivirus transfection was used to lower the expression of ER alpha, and the oxidative damage and autophagy of H9c2 treated with catapol or not were observed. Results: Compared with control group, the levels of ROS and MDA increased and SOD decreased in model group, and there was no significant difference in the expression of autophagy related proteins. Compared with model group, catalpol could reduce oxidative damage and increase autophagy level. After transfection of ER alpha with lentivirus, catalpol inhibited the level of oxidative damage and promoted the effect of autophagy compared with the empty virus catalpol group. Conclusions: Catalpol can activate autophagy by up-regulating the expression of ER alpha and inhibiting the oxidative damage of cardiomyocytes.

Objective To investigate the effect of artesunate on the cell cycle of human multiple myeloma RPMI8226 cells and explore the related molecularmechanisms. Methods RPMI8226 cellswere treated with 0, 25, and 50 pg/mL artesunate. The morphology change of cells was observed under transmission electron microscope, the cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression of cyclin B1 and p34cdc2 protein was examined by Western blotting analysis. Results After treated with 50 pg/mL artesunate for 48 h, most RPMI8226 cells showed characteristic morphology of apoptosis. With the increase of artesuate concentration, the proportion of RPMI8226 cells in G0/G1 phase was significantly decreased (P<0. 05) and that of cells in G2/M phase was significantly increased (P<0.05), suggesting that artesunate induced noticeable G2/M arrest. Cyclin B1 level was increased and the p34cdc2 level was decreased with the increase of artesuate concentration. Conclusion Artesunate can induce G2/M arrests in RPMI8226 cells, which may be related to the increasedcyclin B1 expression and decreased p34cdc2 expression.

BACKGROUND:Stromal vascular fraction digested from adipose tissue is a mixture of a variety of cel s, and clone-like cel components may have the real ability to maintain the stemness of mesenchymal stem cel s OBJECTIVE:To separate, passage and culture colony-forming cel s in the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue, and to test its ability to repair the knee cartilage in animal models. METHODS:Stromal vascular fraction isolated from fresh adipose tissue was cultured to col ect clone-like adherent cel s that were subject to digestion and passage until the third generation. A rabbit model of osteoarthritis was established surgical y, and the third generation of colony-forming cel s were transplantated into the articular cavity of model rabbits. Model rabbits with no cel transplantation served as controls. Cartilage regeneration in the knee joint of model rabbits were observed and compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 3 days after transplantation of stromal vascular fraction cel s, clone-like cel colonies appeared in adherent cel s;at 5 days, the amount of clone-like cel colonies and surrounding single cel s were both increased. At the passage 3, the clone-like cel colonies were also visible, which were fusiform in shape. Gross observation and MRI examination showed that these colony-forming cel s could promote cartilage repair in the joint cavity, increase secretion of synovial fluid, and help to control inflammation and narrow ulceration area. Experimental findings are beneficial for optimizing the isolation and culture of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cel s and provide a new way for the clinical treatment of osteoarthritis.

Objective To explore the mediator effect of coping styles in relationship between hope level and subjective well-being of empty-nesters in urban community.Methods 208 empty-nesters were tested with Herth Hope Scale,Coping Style Questionnaire and Subjective Well-Being to investigate the influence and the pathways of hope and coping styles on subjective well-being with structural equation modeling.Results Influence of hope level on subjective well-being of empty-nesters in urban community accorded with completely-mediated model (x2/df =1.971,GFI =0.955,AGFI =0.911,RMSEA =0.068),and influence of hope level mediated by positive coping styles accounted for 41.76％(Z=3.692,P＜0.01).Conclusion The influence of hope level on subjective well-being is mediated mainly by positive coping styles for empty-nesters in urban community.