Recently, many Chinese doctors have treated metabolic syndrome from pathogenic phlegm, dampness, stasis and heat, which not only meets the theory of TCM, but also has achieved good clinical effects, besides the method has been confirmed by animal experiments..

Objective To investigate the function of triggering receptor expresses on myeloid cells receptor-1 (TREM-1) in lymphocyte differentiation and regulation of Aspergillus infected immunosuppressed rats.Methods Cyclophosphamide (CTX) was intraperitoneally injected and Fumigatus spore suspension was inhaled by percutaneous tracheostomy to establish the immunosuppressive invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) rat model.After 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h inoculation, rats were sacrificed.Lung tissue specimens, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) , and plasma samples were collected.Plasma and BALF sTREM-1, plasma T cell-specific transcription factor (T-box expressed in T cells, T-bet) and eomesodermin(Eomes) were detected by ELISA.Biopsy specimens of lung tissue were used for periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining and culture.Results The mortality rate of immunosuppressed rats after Aspergillus inhalation for 96 h was as high as 54.4％.Biopsy of lung tissue suggested acute inflammatory cell infiltration, interstitial lung congestion, alveolar structural damage, and visible Aspergillus hyphae in alveoli.Compared with normal control group[(110.50 ± 7.70)ng/L], plasma sTREM-1 in study groups were significantly increased [IPA : (146.77 ± 10.41) ng/L;CXT + IPA at 24 h : (226.00 ± 11.88) ng/L;CTX + IPA at 48 h : (200.77 ± 10.63) ng/L;P ＜ 0.05], so were T-bet levels [IPA : (561.17 ± 7.23) μg/L;CXT + IPA at 24 h : (647.00 ± 33.03) μg/L;CTX + IPA at 48 h : (619.23 ± 87.44) μg/L;control group : (340.03 ± 26.32) μg/L;respectively, P ＜0.05].However, plasma Eomes levels in IPA group, CTX + IPA at 24 h and 48 h were significantly lower compared with that in normal controls [IPA : (7.96 ± 0.65) ng/L;CXT + IPA at 24 h : (3.97 ± 0.35) ng/L;CTX + IPA at 48 h : (4.00 ± 0.74) ng/L;control group : (8.38 ± 0.51) ng/L;respectively,P ＜0.001].Compared with those in CTX + IPA vaccination after 24 h and 48 h, plasma sTREM-1 [(106.67 ±7.64)ng/L;(133.27 ± 32.79) ng/L] and T-bet [(299.64±63.07)μg/L;(398.02 ± 109.22) μg/L] in CTX + IPA at 72 h and 96 h inoculation were significantly lower (P ＜ 0.001).While Eomes [(8.38 ± 0.54) ng/L;(8.40 ± 0.70) ng/L] raised significantly higher (P ＜ 0.001).Compared with the control group, sTREM-1 levels in BALF of IPA + CTX 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h groups were consistently high (P ＜ 0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that sTREM-1 and T-bet had a significant positive correlation (r =0.91, P ＜ 0.001), yet Eomes was negatively correlated with them (r =-0.788, P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions sTREM-1 in rat plasma and BALF appears highly expressed in immune compromised Aspergillus infected rat model.Plasma sTREM-1 is closely correlated with T-bet and Eomes levels, which suggests that TREM-1 may be involved in lymphocytic regulation and differentiation during fungal infection.

To understand epidemiological characteristics of Marek's disease virus (MDV) prevalent in china currently,3 Marek's disease (MD) strains were isolated and identified from white feather meat chickens vaccined with MDV CVI988 or 814 through necropsy,histopathological observation,virus isolation and IFA detection,named SDAU1501,SDAU1502 and SDAU1503,respectively.vIL8,pp38,MEQ gene of the three strains of MDV were amplified using PCR,and compared with reference strains.The homology between SDAU1501 and SDAU1502 and virulent strains was above 97％,suggesting some features of virulent strains;while meq gene of SDAU1503 lost P amino acid at the 194 th site as that in CVI988,But the distinctive 177 nucleotide insertion mutations was not existed,predicting that it may be a attenuated vaccine strain.New variations of MDV continued and different types of variants emerged,therefore,prevalence and genetic monitoring of MD should be proceeded;meanwhile,more attentions should be given to MDV vaccine development.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and effective treatment of patients with severe type A H1N1 flu in Wenzhou. Methods The clinical data of 42 hospitalized patients with severe type A H1N1 flu were analyzed and the clinical features were summarized. Results A total of 42 patients with severe type A H1N1 flu all began with fever and cough. The symptoms of expectoration, pharyngalgia, chilly accounted for 92. 9%, 90. 5% and 42. 9%, respectively. The peripheral leucocyte counts were normal or reduced. C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels both increased in 30 patients (71.4%). About 95.2% (40/42) patients had changes of pulmonary imaging. All of the patients were treated with oseltamivir and effective antibiotic drugs as well as symptomatic management. No patients was treated with glucocorticoid. The patients with underlying diseases were given proper treatment. Three cases were treated with antifungal therapy and 3 pregnant patients were timely terminated of pregnancy. Conclusions Severe type A H1N1 flu progresses rapidly and the lower respiratory tract is involved soon after onset. Therefore, the patient should be diagnosed early and treated promptly after presenting fever, which will lead to good prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-1 (IL-1β) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 ) can mediate neutrophilic infiltration, which is closely relevant to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of physcion on cerebral inflammatory reaction after ischemia-reperfusion injury.DESIGN: A completely randomized study based on animals.SETTING: Neurological department in a university hospital.MATERIALS: From September to December 2003, the study was conducted in the Animal Laboratory, Hebei Staff and Workers Medical College. Totally 91 healthy male SD rats, supplied by Laboratory Animal Center of Hebei Medical University, were used in the experiments. They were divided into sham operation (SO) group, ischemia-reperfusion group, normal control group, 20 mg/kg physcion group and 40 mg/kg physcion group.Each of the former two groups would be divided into 4 subgroups named as the 6th-hour-after-reperfusion group, the 12th-hour-after-reperfusion group, the 24th-hour-after-reperfusion group and the 48th-hour-after-reperfusion group. Each of the latter two groups were divided into 2 subgroups named as the 12thhour-after-reperfusion group and the 24th-hour-after-reperfusion group. Each subgroup contained 7 rats.INTERVENTIONS: Middle cerebral artery occlusion model (MCAO model) was applied, and IL-1β was measured by radioimmunoassay and ICAM-1 was detected by immunohistochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The IL-1 β level and the positive expression of ICAM-1 in the rats' cerebella were observed.RESULTS: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rats reached its peak 6 hours after reperfusion, and then it decreased gradually. In the 12-hour-after-reperfusion subgroup amd the 24-hour-after-reperfusion subgroup of the 40 mg/kg physcion group, and the 12-hour-after-reperfusion subgroup of the 20 mg/kg physcion group, IL-1β in the injured parts of the cerebella decreased dramatically, compared with MCAO model controls ( P＜ 0.01 ). In the normal control group and SO group, a small quantity of ICAM-1 was detected in rat' s cerebral cortex, and some fulvous staining substance was observed in the plasma and membrane of cerebral vascular endothelium cells. In the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury group, positive staining substance could be observed 24 hours after the reperfusion, then darkened gradually (integral absorbency value: 31.89 ± 4.38, area density value: 0. 018 5 ± 0. 003 1). In the 12-hour-after-reperfusion subgroup of the 40 mg/kg physcion group (integral absorbency value: 13.33 ±6. 12, area density value: 0. 007 6 ± 0. 002 2) and the 24-hour-after-reperfusion subgroup of the 40 mg/kg physcion group (integral absorbency value: 20.04 ±4.65,area density value: 0. 012 9 ±0. 003 6), and in the 24-hour-after-reperfusion subgroup of the 20 mg/kg physcion group (integral absorbency value:23.73 ±4.51 area density value: 0. 014 1 ±0. 003 8), expressions of ICAM-1 around the infarctions significantly decreased as compared with those in the MCAO model controls respectively ( P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Physcion tends to decrease the expressing of IL-1β and ICAM-1 in a cerebellum after ischemia-reperfusion injury, thus, it may help alleviate the ischemia-reperfusion injury.

This article was aimed to carry a comparative study on the quality of 16 populations of wild herbs of rare and endangered plant ofPsammosilene tunicoidesin order to provide a basis for its domestication, GAP and selective breeding. Methods for determination of moisture content, total ash and extract content were taken in this comparative study. The results showed that different populations had different moisture content, total ash and extract content. The moisture content and the total ash ofXiang-Shan population were the lowest; and the extract content was the highest. The total ash ofLiu-De population was the highest; and the extract content was the lowest. The moisture content ofShun-Zhou population was the highest. It was concluded that different populations had different quality among 16 populations of wild herbs. Therefore, there was a probability to choose the best population.

Objective To investigate the features of familiar facial palsy,ophthalmoplegia and dysphagia characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance in a family and to discuss the classification and pathogenesis of the disease.Methods Clinical,electrophysiological,pathological examinations were performed and blood samples were obtained from 5 patients and 26 family members.PCR protocol was used to identify a certain gene. Results In the 5 patients receiving physical examination,all had ptosis,external ophthalmoplegia,facial paralysis,dyphagia,hoarseness,decreased pharyngeal reflex;4 had amyotrophy of muscle of tongue,temporal nuscle,masseter and muscles of distal lower limbs;3 had proximal limb asthenia and distal limbs amyotrophy.Compared to those of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy(OPMD)with similar symptoms and signs,both electrophysiological manifestation and pathological findings of the family members supported the diagnosis of muscular dystrophy,but the(GCG)6(GCA)3GCG in the first exon of PABPN1 mutated neither in normal family members nor in patients.Conclusions This family presents clinical manifestations somewhat resembling to those of OPMD and distinctive to other disorders,but has a totally different genetic background from OPMD.It may be a new subtype of muscular dystrophy.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of rosiglitazone and metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes,and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Medline, EMBase,Cochrane Library,CJFD,VIP and Wanfang database,randomized controlled trials (RCT) about rosiglitazone (test group)and metformin(control group)in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. After data extract and quality evaluation,Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.0 statistics software. RESULTS:A total of 5 RCT were included involving 636 patients. Re-sults of Meta-analysis showed the incidence of diarrhea [RR=0.23,95%CI(0.07,0.81),P=0.000] in test groupwere significantly lower than control group,the HbA1c level [MD=0.22,95%CI(0.07,0.38),P=0.004],the incidence of edema [RR=0.20,95%CI (0.05,0.57),P=0.011] in test group was significantly higher than control group,and there was no significant difference in the fast-ing blood glucose level[MD=0.27,95%CI(-0.26,0.79),P=0.32],the incidence of nausea/vomiting [RR=0.94,95%CI(0.06, 0.89),P=0.692]between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Metformin is more effective than rosiglitazone in the treatment of type 2 dia-betes,however,the incidence of diarrhea should be noticed. Due to the limit of methodological quality and sample size,it remains to be further verified with more rigorously designed and long-term follow-up of large-scale RCT.

Objective To explore the the influence ofFurong-Tongmai capsules on myocardial expression of LN and CollagenⅢ in diabetes mellitus (DM) rats.Methods A total of 60 rats were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the low-, middle- high-dosageFurong-Tongmai capsules group (n=10). The low-, middle-high-dosageFurong-Tongmai group was given 1.4, 0.7, 2.8 g/(kg body weight) Furong-Tongmai capsules. The other two groups were given the same dose of purified water. After 8 weeks treatment, the myocardial was taken to make pathology slice with SP immunohistochemistry staining. The expression of LN and CollagenⅢ were detected.Results Compared with model group, the expression of LN (0.67% ± 0.04%,0.65% ± 0.09%vs. 1.08% ± 0.13%) and CollagenⅢ (0.67% ± 0.15%, 0.69% ± 0.13%vs. 1.17% ± 0.12%) in the middle-high-dosageFurong-Tongmai groups significantly decreased (P<0.05). However, there were no statistical differences between the low-, middle- high-dosageFurong-Tongmai groups and the model group (P>0.05).Conclusions TheFurong-Tongmai capsules could inhibit the expression of LN and CollagenⅢ in DM rats.

AIM: To explore the effect of physcion (P) on the level of IL-1? and expression of ICAM-1 and caspase-3 during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS: The 91 healthy adult SD rats were selected, and were randomly divided into normal group, sham-operated group, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group (model), low-dose physcion (PLD) and high-dose physcion (PHD) treatment group. The level of IL-1? was detected by radioimmunoassay. The expression of ICAM-1 and caspase-3 was detected by immunohistochemistry. The changes of tissue pathology were also investigated. RESULTS: The level of IL-1? reached the peak at 6 h after ischemia-reperfusion (IR). The protein expression of ICAM-1 and caspase-3 reached the peak at 24 h after IR. The level of IL-1? and the protein expression of ICAM-1 and caspase-3 in PHD group decreased obviously compared with those in model group (P