Objective: To study the effects of long chain PUFA, AA and/or DHA on the fatty acid composition, growth and development of the newborn rats hippocampal neurons in culture. Methods: The primary culture of the hippocampal neurons was carried out in vitro by using serum free medium and supplementing 4 ? mol/L AA, DHA, or AA and DHA, of which the total concentration were 4 ?mol/L, the ratios of AA∶DHA from 1∶2 to 16∶1, in medium. The hippocampal neuronal fatty acid composition was analyzed by gas chromatogram, and the neuronal size and length of hippocampal neurite were measured by image analysis. Results: There were significant positive correlations between the ratios AA∶DHA in medium and the AA percentage and the ratios AA∶DHA in hippocampal neurons. The soma area? body maximum? minimum diameter and process length of hippocampal neurons in the group, which the total concentration of AA and DHA was 4 ?mol/L, and the ratio AA∶DHA in medium was 2∶1 or 4∶1,were higher significantly than other groups and groups with other ratios of AA∶DHA. Conclusion: AA and DHA could promote the growth and development of hippocampal neurons in culture..

Objective To study the impact of physical stimulus on periosteal chondroplasia with an in- tention of reconstructing cartilage tissue that has a biomechanical function and can be created either entirely in vivo or in vitro and subsequently implanted into the patient.Methods A series of biomechanical test methods were designed in order to investigate the mechanical properties of engineered cartilage under a variety of mechanical stress stimulations.The periosteal explants were harvested from proximal medial tibias of New Zealand rabbits and secured onto poly-?-caprolactone(PCL)scaffolds.The composites(periosteum/PCL)were suspended in the spinner flask bioreactor and the spinner flask was located on the stirring machine.The stem cells were stimulated by fluid shear stress under magnetic bar stirring.Results In gross observation,the thickness and length of neo-cartilage with shear force stimulation were significantly greater than those without shear force.The direction of elongation was parallel with fluid flow direction,regardless of composite orientation.Secondary,two different zones based on various cell morphology and distribution were clearly observed.The thickness of the superficial zone was greater in samples exposed to high shear force compared with low shear force.The superficial zone protein and lubricant were found in the engineered cartilage under shear stress stimulation.Conclusion The results reveal that shear stress can not only influence proliferation and differentiation of stem cells,but also change chondrocyte morphology and increase extracellular matrix production.

The pharmacological mechaisms of Panax notoginseng saponins on nervous system diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischermic cerebral apoplexy and depressive disorder) , including panax notoginseng saponins, protoparaxotriol saponins, panasadiol saponins, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Re and notoginsenoside R1 were summarized to analyze the study hotspots and potential advantages (such as estrogen-like effect) of notoginsenoside's pharmacological actions, provide reference for further pharmacological studies and new ideas for clinical treatment of nervous system diseases and drug studies and development.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Saponins ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of medical malpractice from different grades of hospitals and to explore forensic investigation strategies in assessing medical dispute. METHODS: A total of 206 cases of medical dispute from 2009 to 2010 investigated by the Department of Forensic Medicine in Nanjing Medical University were selected and analyzed according to fault incidence, fault-prone part, and degree of causality in the treatment. RESULTS: Among the 206 cases analyzed, tertiary hospitals, secondary hospitals and primary hospitals showed medium, high and low error rate, respectively. A majority of medical malpractice cases were distributed in the departments of surgery, medicine and gynecology. CONCLUSION The frequency and severity of medical malpractice in primary hospitals were high, which were gradually reduced in tertiary and secondary hospitals.
Dissent and Disputes ; Expert Testimony ; Forensic Medicine ; Gynecology/statistics & numerical data* ; Hospital Departments/statistics & numerical data* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Malpractice/statistics & numerical data* ; Medical Errors/statistics & numerical data* ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors

Objective To investigate the effect of ventricle-peritoneal (V-P) shunt in treatment of patients who developed post-traumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) with no symptoms or with atypical symptoms due to an excessively severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods A retrospective study was performed in patients who developed PTH with atypical symptoms undergone V-P shunt from January 2004 to June 2007.Patients' general information,TBI data,PTH severity and postoperative follow-up data were collected and applied to assay the improvement rate in prognosis and its associated factors.Results Thirty-one patients were involved in this study.After 12 months of follow-up,20 (65％) patients revealed significant improvements in clinical symptoms.Among 10 patients who developed PTH after decompressive craniectomy,cranioplasty was performed following V-P shunt and significant improvements were observed in nine patients.Patients' age and severity of PTH based on CT evaluation before shunt placement were strongly correlated with the surgical outcome.Conclusions Most PTH patients with atypical symptoms can benefit from V-P shunt.Additionally,younger patients and those with less severe PTH before V-P shunt are expected a better outcome.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and risk factors of patient with Wegener's granulomatosis complicated with pulmonary infection.Methods Patients with Wegener's granulomatosis admitted to our hospital in the past 11 years were retrospectively analyzed.Comparisons between groups were performed by t tests or Fisher test.ResultsPulmonary infection occurred in 27 cases with an incidence rate of 29％.Twenty-six percent of pulmonary infections occurred at the initial diagnosis,and 44％ occurred within 6 months,while 30％ occurred later than 6 months.The clinical manifestations of pulmonary infection were productive cough (89％),hemoptysis (63％),fever and fatigue (56％),chest pain and pactoralgia (33％).The most common causative pathogen were bacteria(59％ ),fungi(37％ ),and tubercle bacillus(37％ ).Sinus infection(P=0.01),hypoproteinemia(P=0.03),hypoimmunoglobulinemia (P=0.007),and methylprednisolone pulse therapy(P=0.002) were the risk factors for pulmonary infection.ConclusionThe occurrence of Wegener's granulomatosis complicated with pulmonary infection is high within 6 months.The most common clinical manifestation is productive cough.The most common causative pathogens are bacteria,tubercle bacillus and fungi.Sinus infection,hypoproteinemia,hypoimmunoglobulinemia,and methylprednisolone pulse therapy are risk factors of pulmonary infection.

Objective: To observe the role of rmh-TNF in enhancing the anti-angiogenesis effect of cisplatin on Lewis lung carcinoma in the mice.Methods: Lewis lung carcinoma model was established in C57BL/6 mice.Sixty model mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group,rmh-TNF group(1500000 U/kg),cisplatin group(6.15 mg/kg), and rmh-TNF plus cisplatin group.Twelve days after implantation of cancer cells,different drugs were injected intra- tumorallv for 3d.The expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?)gene in the tumor was identified by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry(IHC)image analysis was performed to determine the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and kinase domain region receptor(KDR)expression and the microvessel density(MVD).Expression of matrix metallo- proteinase-2(MMP-2)was detected by flow cytometry.Results: The MVD values in the control group,the rmh-TNF group,the DDP group and the combination group were(24.76?1.28),(18.95?1.22),(19.53?1.15),(10.43?1.05),respectively,with those of the rmh-TNF and DDP groups significantly lower than that of the control group and higher than that of the combination group(all P

In this study, plate transparent circle by Davis method was introduce firstly screening ?-Rhamnosidase high-yield strain. The spore-sprouted Aspergillus niger 8-hour were mutagenized by ethyl methane sulphonate and pre-screened via transparent circle. 11% mutants yield 40% higher of ?-rhamnosidase than the original strain. A high-yield strain, T-226 with the highest ?-rhamnosidase activity of 373.4 U/mL was finally selected from these potential high-yield mutants after rescreened by shake flask fermentation twice. When the T-226 strain was fermented in 5 L bioreactor, the enzyme activity could reach to 631.9 U/mL after 84 h. Thus, the established screening method is highly efficient to isolate ?-rhamnosidase high-yield mutant of A. niger.

One hundred and seventy-two strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from Taxus mairei,Cephalotaxus fortunei and Torreya grandis cv.merrillia.The result of the antifungal assay shows that ninety strains of the fungi have antagonism against one or more botanical pathogenic fungi,such as Neurospora sp.,Trichoderma sp.,Fusarium sp.etc.The percentage of antifungal strains to tested strains are as follows:40% Cephalotaxus fortunei,54.2% Taxus mairei,57.1% Torreya grandis cv.merrillia.Thirty-five strains have high antifungal activities,and their inhibition zone diameter is at least 15mm.The active endophytic fungi were identified as 18 genera,most of which belong to Paecilomyces and Fusarium etc.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Coal Mining ; Cross Infection ; complications ; microbiology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Methicillin ; pharmacology ; Methicillin Resistance ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Silicosis ; classification ; complications ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Treatment Outcome