ObjectiveTo study the chromosome genetic changes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with double exposure to hepatitis B virus/aflatoxin B1 (HBV/AFB1) in Guangxi.Method Differences in genomic alterations in 32 patients with HCC were analyzed using comparative genomic hybridization(CGH).Results(1) The majority of chromosome copy number in the 32 HCC samples had varying degrees of change.The amplification of chromosome regions were 1q,7q,8q,with the high frequency regions being 1q,8q.The deletion of chromosome regions were 1p,4q,8p,9p,13q,14q,16p,16q,17p,18q,19p,Y,with the high frequency regions being 1p,4q,8p,16q,17p,19p;(2) There were also some high copy number amplification or deletion of small regions,such as 2p25.1-p25.2,3q22.3-q23,7p14.1-p14.3,and 9p13.2-9p21; (3) Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the rate of deletion of chromosome 13q decreased progressively in the following 4 groups:-HBsAg(+)/AFB1 (+),HBsAg(+)/AFB1 (-),HBsAg( - )/AFB1 ( + ),and HBsAg( - )/AFB1 (-) (x2=6.452,P＜0.05).4p was found mainly to be amplified in the HBsAg(+)/AFB1(-)group,but it was mainly deleted in the HBsAg(-)/AFB1(+),and HBsAg( - )/AFB1(-) groups.19q was found mainly to be amplified in the HBsAg(+)/AFB1(+) group,but it was mainly deleted in the HBsAg(-)/AFB1(+),and HBsAg(-)/AFB1(-) groups.ConclusionThe chromosome genetic changes of HCC in Guangxi showed multiplicity.The deletion of chromosome 19p,2p25.1-25.2,3q22.3-q23,7p14.1-p14.3 and amplification of chromosome 9p13.2-9p21 are probably unique genetic characteristics of HCC in this region.The combined effects of Hepatitis B virus and aflatoxin B1 may contribute to deletion of chromosome 13q of HCC in Guangxi.

BACKGROUNDOn May 12, 2008, a major earthquake hit Wenchuan County in Sichuan Province of China. The number of cases of crush injury following this event was high. Ultrasonic appearance of rhabdomyolysis (RM) caused by crush injury in the Wenchuan earthquake was observed to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound for detection of rhabdomyolysis.

METHODSWe analyzed clinical and ultrasonic manifestations of 50 cases of RM and 18 cases of RM with osteofascial compartment syndrome (OCS). All cases were caused by crush injury in the Wenchuan earthquake. For these RM patients, we also evaluated the correlations between creatine kinase (CK) and the scope of the muscle lesions as observed by ultrasound.

RESULTSThere were differences in clinical symptoms, physical signs and ultrasonic appearance between the two groups of patients. The ultrasonic characteristics of the RM were as follows: the striated muscle in the lesions thickened with good overall continuity, and the muscle texture was vague; the strength of the echo was uneven and the echo was cloudy or ground glass-like. Liquid dark zones appeared between muscles and were spindle-like or irregular in shape. There were no blood flow signals in the liquid dark areas. The volume of the striated muscle increased in patients with OCS; the fascia wrapping the muscle showed arched protrusions and significant displacement. The flow velocity of the distal arteries decreased and the spectrum was abnormal. The muscle lesion scope of RM group and RM and OCS group was (7.8 +/- 2.0) cm and (13.6 +/- 3.1) cm, respectively. The correlation coefficient (r) between the muscle lesion scope and the CK was 0.681 for the RM group (P < 0.05) and 0.516 for the RM and OCS group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe ultrasonogram of RM has characteristic manifestations and can provide important information for clinical diagnosis and treatment of rhabdomyolysis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Compartment Syndromes ; diagnostic imaging ; Crush Syndrome ; diagnostic imaging ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rhabdomyolysis ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

Adult ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; genetics ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the significance of mutation and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of class III receptor tyrosine kinases such as PDGFRbeta and SHIP in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients.

METHODSScreening of the mutation and SNP of PDGFRbeta and SHIP by genomic PCR, RT-PCR, directly sequencing and Mass-ARRAY system was carried out in 273 AML patients.

RESULTSThe mutations of PDGFRbeta R685C and SHIP Q1153L were detected for the first time in AML patients. The positivity ratio was 0.73% and 0.36% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe mutations of PDGFRbeta R685C and SHIP Q1153L may contribute to leukemogenesis of AML.

Humans ; Inositol Phosphates ; genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; Mass Spectrometry ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Arbidol in the treatment of naturally acquired influenza.

METHODSA randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled trial was conducted. Subjects were enrolled. The inclusion criteria included: aged 18 to 65 years, presented within 36 hours of onset of influenza symptoms; and had documented temperature of 37.8 degrees C or higher during an influenza outbreak in the community. Individuals were randomly divided Arbidol group (200 mg three times daily for 5 days) or placebo group.

RESULTSTotally 232 individuals were recruited and received medication and follow-up. All of them were qualified to be analyzed for safety as intent-to-treat population (ITT) (113 Arbidol, 109 placebo). Twenty-two (9.48%) were during follow-up or refused to continue the trial, and 210 completed as schecule and identified as PP population (102 Arbidol, 108 placebo). Totally 125 individuals were identified as influenza-infected through laboratory test, which was defined as PPi population (59 Arbidol, 66 placebo). In PPi population, the cumulative alleviation proportion of Arbidol group was significantly higher than that of placebo group. The median duration of illness was 72.0 hours (95% confident interval (CI) 66.00-78.00 hours) in Arbidol group and 96.0 hours (95% CI 87.46-104.54 hours) in placebo group. The median area under the curve (AUC) of decreased total score were significantly higher in Arbidol group than in placebo group, which were 780.00 and 684.00 score-hours respectively. For PP population, similar results were seen. Adverse events reported were similar in Arbidol group and in placebo group. The main adverse events were gastrointestial symptoms and increased transaminase.

CONCLUSIONArbidol was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of early naturally acquired influenza.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Indoles ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Influenza, Human ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUNDTo serially observe the pathologic changes in livers of tree shrews and macaca assamensises infected with HHBV.

METHODS10 adult tree shrews and 28 macaca assamensises were inoculated with HBV rich human sera. The liver of the animals were regularly biopsied. The liver samples were examined histopathologically by HE staining. Some samples were stained for HBsAg by immunohistochemistry (IH), and HBV DNA by in situ hybridization (ISH).

RESULTSHBsAg in 80% of tree shrews infected with HHBV can be detected by IH, HBV DNA in 50% of those can be found by ISH.The positive rates of HBsAg in macaca assamensises' livers were 25% by IH, none HBV DNA was detected.

CONCLUSIONThe tree shrew model seems to be applicable for the research of human hepatitis B.

Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; immunology ; pathology ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; immunology ; physiology ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; virology ; Macaca ; Male ; Tupaiidae

OBJECTIVETo explore the regulatory effect of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) on the translation of microtubule associated protein 1B (MAP1B).

METHODSThe expressions of MAP1B protein and MAP1B mRNA in the brains of 1-week and 6-week old fragile X mental retardation-1 (Fmr1) knockout (KO) mice were investigated by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and in situ hybridization, with the age-matched wild type mice (WT) as controls.

RESULTSThe mean optical density (MOD) of MAP1B was significantly decreased in each brain region in KO6W compared with WT6W, whereas in KO1W, this decrease was only found in the hippocampus and cerebellum. MAP1B in 6-week mice was much less than that in 1-week mice of the same genotype. The results of Western blot and in situ hybridization showed that MAP1B protein and MAP1B mRNA were significantly decreased in the hippocampus of both KO1W and KO6W.

CONCLUSIONThe decreased MAP1B protein and MAP1B mRNA in the Fmr1 knockout mice indicate that FMRP may positively regulate the expression of MAP1B.

Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain ; anatomy & histology ; metabolism ; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Mutation ; physiology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of three?dimensional radiotherapy (3DRT) with concurrent chemotherapy for stage IV non?small?cell lung cancer ( NSCLC). Methods A total of 198 eligible patients from 2008 to 2012 were enrolled as subjects. With an age ranging between 18 and 80 years and a Karnofsky Performance Status ( KPS) score of 70 or more, those patients had no contraindication for radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and were newly diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC confirmed by histology or cytology, as well as limited metastatic disease (≤3 organs). Survival rates and acute toxicities in those patients were evaluated. Results The 3?year follow?up rate was 98?? 5% and the 3?year sample size was 165. The median overall survival (OS) and progression?free survival (PFS) were 13?? 0 months (95% CI,11?? 7 ?14?? 3 months) and 9?? 0 months (95% CI,7?? 7 ?10?? 3 months), respectively, while the 1?, 2?, and 3?year OS rates were 53?? 5%, 15?? 8%, and 9?? 2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that a primary tumor volume smaller than 134 cm3 , a stable or increased KPS score after treatment, and a radiation dose of 63 Gy or more were independent prognostic factors for longer survival time ( P=0?? 008;P= 0?? 010;P= 0?? 014). The incidence rates of grade 3?4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, grade 3 radiation esophagitis, and grade 3 radiation pneumonitis were 37?? 9%, 10?? 1%, 6?? 9%, 2?? 5%, and 6?? 6%, respectively. The main cause of death was distant metastasis, and only 10% of the patients died of recurrence alone. Conclusions 3DRT with concurrent chemotherapy achieves satisfactory treatment outcomes with tolerable toxicities for stage IV NSCLC. Primary tumor volume, change in the KPS score after treatment, and radiation dose are independent prognostic factors for OS.Clinical Trial Registry Chinese Clinical Reistry,registration number:ChiCTRC10001026.

Objective To investigate the impact of clinical factors on survival in patients receiving concurrent chemotherapy and three?dimensional radiotherapy ( 3DRT) for stage IV non?small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC) . Methods A total of 203 patients were enrolled in a prospective clincial study from 2008 to 2012, and among these patients, 178 patients were eligible for analysis of clinical factors. All patients were treated with platinum?based doublets chemotherapy, with a median number of chemotherapy cycles of 4( 2?6 cycles) and a median dose of 3DRT of 60?3 Gy (36?0?76?5 Gy).The Kaplan?Meier method was used to calculate overall survival ( OS) rates, the log?rank test was used to compare survival rates between groups, and the Cox regression model were used for multivariate analysis. Results The 1?, 2?, and 3?year overall survival rates were 56%, 16%, and 10%, respectively, and the median survival time was 13 months (95% CI=11?500?14?500). The univariate analysis showed that platelet count ≤221×109/L, neutrophil count ≤5.2×109/L, white blood cell count<7×109/L, and improvement in Karnofsky Performance Scale ( KPS) after treatment significantly prolonged OS ( P=0?000,0?022,0?003, and 0?029) , and metastasis to a single organ and hemoglobin≥120 g/L tended to prolong OS (P=0?058 and 0?075). The multivariate analysis showed that white blood cell count<7×109/L, platelet count ≤221×109/L, and improvement in KPS after treatment were beneficial to OS ( all P<0?05) . Conclusions White blood cell count and platelet count before treatment and KPS after treatment are prognostic factors for patients with stage IV NSCLC receiving concurrent chemotherapy and 3DRT. Clinical Trial Registry ClinicalTrials. gov, registration number:ChiCTRTNC10001026.

OBJECTIVETo explore efficacy and safety of modified FOLFIRINOX (mFOLFIRINOX) regimen by dose attenuation in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) and metastatic pancreatic cancer(MPC).

METHODSBetween April 2014 and October 2015, 35 patients with LAPC (n=18) or MPC (n=17) were treated with mFOLFIRINOX regimen (irinotecan 135 mg/m(2), oxaliplatin 68 mg/m(2), 5-FU 2 400 mg/m(2), no bolus of 5-FU, leucovorin 400 mg/m(2)) in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The primary end point was progression free survival. The second end points were overall survival, objective response rate, adverse effects, surgical resection rate for LAPC.

RESULTSAmong 35 patients, 6 patients (17.1%) who dropped out and received less than 2 cycles were excluded for response analysis. Among the other 29 patients, 9 patients had grade 3 or 4 adverse effects. No patients ceased treatment due to adverse effects. The 29 patients received 5 (2-13) cycles were evaluated by efficacy and found partial remission in 16 cases, stable disease in 10 cases, progression disease in 3 cases. Response rate was 55.2%. Nine patients with LAPC accomplished surgery after neoadjuvant treatment without perioperative complication and death, and 6 patients accepted R0 resection.

CONCLUSIONSThe mFOLFIRINOX regimen used in the study is well-tolerated in Chinese population with high treatment efficacy on patients with LAPC and MPC. Further investigation of efficacy and adverse effects on more advanced pancreatic cancer patients is necessary.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Camptothecin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; administration & dosage ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Treatment Outcome