The effect and mechanism of mulberry leaves extracts (MLE) on glucose uptake of insulin-resistant HepG2 cells in vitro was explored. The insulin resistant models of HepG2 were induced by high concentration of insulin for 24 h. The models were incubated in a buffer containing mulberry leaves extracts. The glucose consumption was detected by glucose assay kits and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Akt activation was examined by Western blotting. Mulberry leaves polysaccharides, mulberry leaves flavonoids and mulberry leaves extracts advanced glucose uptake of insulin-resistant HepG2 cells; Mulberry leaves extracts enhance phosphorylation of AMPK. Mulberry leaves extracts do not change the phosphorylation status of Akt. The glucose consumptions of insulin resistant model of HepG2 were promoted by mulberry leaves extracts. MLE stimulates HepG2 cell AMPK activity acutely without changing the Akt activity.

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of L-arginine on fetal growth restriction by observing the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in placenta.Methods Sixty patients with FGR were chosen,among which 30 cases who were treated with conventional ways were as convention group,and the other 30 cases who were treated with L-arginine were as L-arginine group.The birth weight and perinatal fetus outcome were detected.The central tissue of placenta got within 10 min after delivery were fixed by 100 g/L formaldehyde and embed by pa-raffin wax to observe the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax using immunohistochemistry.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the data.Results Compared with convention group,the birth weight of L-arginine group was higher(P

Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of adrenal myelolipoma. Methods Accord-ing to the clinical characteristics and follow-up outcomes,Adrenal myelolipoma 15 patients confirmed by operation and pathology were retrospectively analysed. Of the 15 patients, 11 presented with abdominal or flank pain, of which 3 presented with hypertention,4 presented no symptom. The diagnosis could be made with the aid of ultrasonography,CT and MRI. Results 15 patients underwent surgery, postoperative followed up from 6 months to 7 years, no reccurrence ever noted. Conclusions The diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma could he established hased on B-US,CT or MRI. The final diagnosis depends on pathology. The operation should be performed as soon as possible if the symptom is severe or the size of tumor is lager than 3.5cm in diameter.

Objective To exPlore the efficacy of nutritional interVention in Patients with chronic obstructiVe Pulmonary disease (COPD) and malnutrition risks. Methods From Jan. ,2008 to Dec. ,2012,829 COPD Patients with NRS2002 score≥3 in Qinzhou Second PeoPle's HosPital were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomized into control grouP (254 cases) and treatment grouP (575 cases) by random numerical table of SPSS 13. 0 statistic software. Patients without contraindication to enteral nutrition were giVen enteral nutrition suPPort,while those with contraindication to enteral nutrition were giVen Parenteral nutrition suPPort. Patients in the treatment grouP receiVed intensiVe suPPort with fortified nutrition,whereas Patients in the control grouP receiVed routine nutrition treatment. All other treatment methods were the same between the two grouPs. TelePhone follow_uP lasted for 3 years in both grouPs after discharge. Patients in the treatment grouP with NRS2002 score≥3 were giVen guidance on nutrition food intake. No nutrition guide was giVen to the control grouP. Times of acute attack,times and duration of mechanical Ventilation,mortality rate,and NRS2002 score three years after the treatment were comPared between the two grouPs. Data were analyzed by multi_factor Logistic regression analysis to understand the nutritional factors of COPD Patients affecting their mortality rate. Results After 3 years of follow_uP,times of acute attack,times and duration of mechanical Ventilation were lower in the treatment grouP than in the control grouP. Mortality rate was significantly lower in the treatment grouP (0. 696%) than the control grouP (4. 724%). After treatment,NRS2002 score was PositiVely correlated with mortality rate of COPD Patients with malnutrition risks. Conclusion For the COPD Patients with malnutrition risks, actiVe nutritional interVention can imProVe their nutrition status ( lower NRS2002 score) ,increase the number of resPiratory muscles to alleViate anoxia,enhance cellular immune function, and thus imProVe their Prognosis.

Objective To investigate the value of ADC histogram analysis in the assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Methods Thirty?five female patients with invasive ductal carcinoma proved by pathology before NACT and treated with operation after NACT were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were received MR examination (including non?enhanced MRI, enhanced?MRI, and DWI) breast before NACT. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 19 of 35 patients were categorized as responders and 16 were categorized as non?responders according response evaluation criteria in solid tumors criteria. Per?patient weighted ADC histograms were generated. Mean ADC, mode ADC, maximum ADC, minimum ADC, median ADC, skewness, and kurtosis were analyzed by using t test between responders and non responders groups. ROC curves were constructed to determine the optimum threshold for each histogram parameter to differentiate non?responders and responders in breast cancers. The optimal threshold values, determined by maximal Youden index were selected when significant differences existed in two groups. Results Mean, minimum, skewness, and kurtosis of ADC between responders and non?responders group were(0.955 ± 0.135)× 10?3mm2/s,(0.535 ± 0.115)×10?3mm2/s,0.85±0.61, 2.93±0.17,and(1.103±0.233)×10?3 mm2/s,(0.650±0.104)×10?3mm2/s,-0.42± 0.17, 3.11 ± 0.25,respectively. Significant differences were found mean ADC, minimum ADC, skewness, and kurtosis (t=2.345, 3.096, 8.051 and 2.524,P<0.05), and there was no differences in mode, median, maximum between responders and non?responders(P>0.05).We set the optimal threshold criteria of mean ADC (0.956×10?3mm2/s), minimum ADC (0.580×10?3mm2/s), skewness (0.890), sensitivity, specificity of three parameters for predicting responders in LABC were 73.7%,62.5%, 78.9%,68.8%, and 63.2%,75.0%, respectively, and the areas under ROC curve of mean ADC, minimum ADC, skewness was 0.678, 0.770, and 0.890, respectively. Kurtosis of responders and non?responders did not get cutoff value for much more overlap. Conclusion ADC histogram analysis is valuable in predicting LABC in patients with NACT effect, the minimum and skewness of ADC is highest sensitivity, specificity, respectively.

Objective To investigate the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)in identification of different molecular sub-types for breast cancer classifications.Methods All patients with breast cancer were divided into four subtypes groups by immuno-histochemistry results including Luminal A subtype,Luminal B subtype,HER2-over expressing (HER2-OE)subtype,and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC),respectively.The means of maximum,average,and minimum ADC of the lesions in all patients were recorded.The analysis of ANOVA and least significant difference test (LSD-t )were used for the statistical evaluation.Results There were significant differences in maximum ADC,average ADC,and minimum ADC among Luminal A subtype (n=21),Lu-minal B subtype (n=22),HER2-OE subtype (n=1 7)and TNBC subtype (n=12)groups (P =0.025,0.039 and 0.041,respec-tively).However,paired comparison in mean of maximum ADC,average ADC and minimum ADC by LSD-t multiple comparisons among Luminal A,Luminal B,HER2-OE and TNBC respectively were not significantly different.Conclusion DWI may be difficult to discriminate the molecular subtypes of breast cancer classification before surgery or biopsy.

prognosis of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB). Methods A total of 130 patients with AUGIB in our hospital were enrolled in this study from August 2014 to August 2016 . Three kinds of scoring systems including Rockall, Blatchford and AIMS65 were used to evaluate the risk classification of the patients. Patients were followed up for 2 months. The incidence rates of re-bleeding and death within 2 months after admission were observed. Data of prognosis in patients with AUGIB were compared between the three scoring systems in the prognosis of patients with AUGIB, including the risk classification and the prediction accuracy of re-bleeding and death. Results There were no significant differences in the re-bleeding rate and fatality rate between the groups divided by Rockall and Blatchford scoring systems ( P>0.05). According to the grouping results of AIMS65 scoring system, the re-bleeding rate of low-risk group was lower than that in high risk group (1.45%vs. 13.11%, P=0.01), but there was no significant difference in fatality rate between the two groups (P>0.05). The values of area under the curve (AUC) of predicting re-bleeding rates by using Rockall, Blatchford and AIMS65 scoring systems were 0.6258, 0.6910, and 0.7241, and the values of AUC of predicting fatality rates were 0.7031, 0.7969, and 0.7031 by using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. There were no significant differences between them (P>0.05). The values of AUC of predicting re-bleeding rates by using the risk grading calculation by Rockall, Blatchford and AIMS65 scoring systems were 0.6189, 0.6139 and 0.7254 (P>0.05). But the values of AUC of predicting fatality rates were 0.6211, 0.6641 and 0.7695 (P<0.01). Conclusion The operation method of AIMS65 scoring system is simple and convenient, which is applicable to a wide range of patients with AUGIB. In the prediction of re-bleeding and mortality, AIMS65 scoring system has high accuracy and stability, which is worthy of promoting in clinical application.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of a self-formulated blood glucose-adjusting recipe on blood glucose and pathology of the pancreas in diabetic mice.

METHODSDiabetes mellitus (DM) was induced in mice by injection of alloxan through the caudal vein. The blood glucose-adjusting recipe was administered in the mice at the doses of 20, 10 and 5 g/kg for 21 days, after which blood glucose was determined and the sugar tolerance was evaluated, and the pancreas and islet pathologies were examined microscopically.

RESULTSThe blood glucose-adjusting recipe at 20 g/kg significantly lowered the fast blood glucose in the mice, and at 20 and 10 g/kg, the recipe significantly lowered the blood glucose 2 h after glucose administration and increased the sugar tolerance. The pathological damage in the diabetic mice was alleviated after treatment with the recipe.

CONCLUSIONSThe blood glucose-adjusting recipe has a good effect in stabilizing blood glucose in mice.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; drug effects ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Islets of Langerhans ; pathology ; Mice ; Phytotherapy

AIM: To observe the effects of oxygen free radical (OFR) and captopril on the level of asymmetric NG, NG-dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs).METHODS: HUVECs of 3-6 th passage, cultured with modified Jaffes' method, were used in the experiment and divided into three groups: (1)Cells cultured with equivalence of DMEM medium as control; (2)OFR intervention groups, OFR at concentrations of 0 01 mmol/L, or 0 1 mmol/L, respectively, were added to the cell culture; (3)Drug intervention groups: the cell culture was treated with 0 1 mmol/L of OFR combined with 50 mg/L or 100 mg/L of captopril, respectively. Concentrations of ADMA, L-arginine, nitric oxide(NO), endothelin(ET) and the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) in conditioned medium were measured after 24 h exposure. RESULTS: Concentrations of ADMA, ET and the activity of ACE were increased, while the amount of NO decreased in OFR intervention groups compared with control group. After treatment with captopril, ADMA, ET concentrations and the activity of ACE were decreased, while the amount of NO increased, but the level of L-arginine had no obvious change. CONCLUSIONS: OFR induces endothelial dysfunction through increasing ADMA concentration, while captopril relieves endothelial dysfunction induced by ox-LDL through decreasing ADMA concentration.

Objective To research the relationship between the myocardiac ischemic activity and degree of depression in elderly patients.MethodsThe Center For Epidemiological Studies-Depressive Scale(CES-D) was administered to evaluate depressive degree for 121 patients who were defined as coronary artery diseased by coronary angiography (CAG); group A (n=64) for no depressive symptoms,group B (n=34) for minor depression, group C (n=23) for major depression were studied to observing the myocardial ischemia using Holter's recording and exercise testing.ResultsCAG showed that single vessel disease was more frequently in group A;single,double and three-vessel disease showed approximative proportion in group B,three-vessel disease was more frequently in group C.The times of ST-depress were (4.2±1.3),lasting time of ST-depress was (35.8±9.2) min,and index of ST-depress was (3.28±0.9) min/h,which were higher than those of group A [(1.8±0.3),(16.6±4.2) min,(1.76±0.4) min/h] and group C [(2.1±0.7),(17.8±5.8) min,(1.69±0.5)min/ h](P<0.05);There was significantly frequent myocardial ischemia in group B than in group A during exercise testing (χ2=3.274,P<0.05). patients in group C tended to have approximative incidence of ischemia compared with group A during daily living,but more incidence of ischemia than group B during exercise testing(χ2=5.473,P<0.05).ConclusionThe depressive degree was associated with severity of coronary artery disease,mild to moderate symptoms of depression are associated with an increased likelihood of myocardial ischemia during daily living and exercise,but patients with severity depression absence symptoms of myocardial ischemia during daily living,and exhibit markedly myocardial ischemia during exercise.