Objective To analyze the clinicopathological features of bilateral primary breast cancer (BPBC) by molecular subtypes.Methods Clinical data of 145 BPBC patients were reviewed focusing on the clinicopathological features of different molecular subtype and the concordance of molecular subtype between first and second primary breast cancers.Results Of the first primary breast cancers ( FPBC),91 cases (62.8％ ) were Luminal A subtype,Luminal B subtype in 13 cases (9.0％ ),Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) subtype in 14 cases (9.7％ ),triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in 27 cases ( 18.6％ ).Of the second primary breast cancers ( SPBC ),Luminal A subtype was found in 93 (64.1％ ) cases,Luminal B subtype in 10(6.9％ ) cases,HER-2 subtype in 14(9.7％ ) cases and TNBC in 28( 19.3％ ) cases.Most TNBC patients were young ( age ≤ 50 ) with high frequency of grade Ⅲ in FPBC.Molecular subtypes do not vary with tumor size,clinical stage,lymph node status and pathological types ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Most FPBC of Luminal A and TNBC were concordant same subtypes in SPBC ( K ＞ 0.04 ),while Luminal B and HER-2 subtypes often had discordant phenotypes in SPBC ( K ＜ 0.04).BPBC were more likely to have concordant subtypes if the two tumors developed in short time interval.Conclusions The distribution and clinical leatures of each subtype in BPBC is similar to unilateral breast cancer.Patients whose FPBC are Luminal A or TNBC often have concordant phenotypes for their SPBC,a short time interval between two cancers also predicts concordance.

Objective To examine how stroke affects muscle coordination and whether muscle function will be improved after rehabilitation.Methods Ten stroke patients with mild hemiparesis and six age-and sex-matched controls were investigated at baseline.Velocity-encoded phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (VE-PC MRI) and surface eleetromyography (sEMG) were performed to evaluate muscle coordination of thigh muscles during knee extension and flexion and the effect of rehabilitation. Results Using VE-PC MRI,we found that the peak velocity of rectus femoris was lower in the affected limb (P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the role of undermining orbicularis oculi muscle from Orbital rim for the correction of tear trough deformity and palabromalar groove in lower blepharoplasty.

METHODS56 cases of lower eye baggy deformity with tear trough deformity and palabromalar groove were treated with the procedure of stripping eye orbicularis oculi muscle from orbital rim by a transcutaneous approach in lower blepharoplasty. The orbital septum was opened along the arcus marginalis for releasing the orbital fat. Some orbital fat was removed if necessary. Then the inferior edge of the orbital septum fat was reset over the orbital rim so as to smooth the infraorbital groove.

RESULTS56 patients were available for 6 to 18 month's follow-up. 54 patients were quite satisfied with the cosmetic result. One developed lower eyelid retraction and another one showed asymmetrical subcutaneous local uneven after 1 month's. They were all corrected by the second operation after 3 months.

CONCLUSIONSStripping orbicularis oculi muscle from orbital rim plays an important role for the correction of tear trough deformity and palabromalar groove in lower blepharoplasty.

Adult ; Aged ; Blepharoplasty ; methods ; Eyelids ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Ductus Arteriosus ; abnormalities ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Rubella Syndrome, Congenital ; complications

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the expression of PTEN, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in thymomas and their correlation with clinical significance.

METHODSImmunohistochemical S-P assay was used to detect the expression of PTEN, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in 45 thymomas and 16 non-neoplastic thymuses.

RESULTSThe positive rate of PTEN, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in 45 thymomas were 53.5%, 48.9% and 62.2%, respectively. There were significant differences between non-neoplastic thymus and thymomas (P < 0.05). The expression of PTEN, MMP-2 correlated with histological type (P < 0.05) and different clinical stage of the thymoma (P < 0.01). The expression of MMP-9 was not correlated with histological type and different clinical stages of thymoma (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPTEN, MMP-2 and MMP-9 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of thymoma. The expression of PTEN and MMP-2 correlates with the malignance and the aggression of thymoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; metabolism ; Paraffin Embedding ; Thymoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Thymus Gland ; metabolism ; Thymus Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the feasibility and efifcacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI-NENs).Methods 52 patients with conifrmed histological diagnosis of GI-NENs performed ESD from January 2011 to December 2015 were included. The endoscopic morphology of tumor was summarized. Complete resection rate, complications, clinicopathological characteristics, and follow-up results were evaluated.Results There were 16 cases of stomach, 9 cases of colon and rectum 27 cases. Most of the lesions were submucosal uplift. A few of lesions looked like polyps. All the lesions were one-time whole diseased. 44 lesions were NET-G1, 8 lesions were NET-G2. Complete resection rate was 94.23%. 2 cases of rectal lesions infringemented intrinsic muscle layer, and got additional surgery. 1 case of rectal perforation, which was managed by endoscopic treatment and conservative treatment. All cases did not appear haemorrhage. During a mean follow-up period of 22.6 months, local recurrences occurred in 1 case of stomach, and treated with second line ESD. No cases lymph node and distant metastasis were found.Conclusion ESD appears to be a feasible, safe and effective treatment for GI-NENs with strict endoscopic treatment indications.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of early gastroscopy for patients with hypopharyngeal cancer.Methods:A total of 231 cases of hypopharyngeal cancer diagnosed and treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2010 to December 2014 were included in the retrospective analysis. The 5-year survival rate of hypopharyngeal cancer and patients accompanied with synchronous esophageal cancer (including early and advanced esophageal cancer), as well as the detection rate of synchronous esophageal cancer by gastroscopy and systemic PET-CT examination were statistically analyzed.Results:The 5-year survival rate of hypopharyngeal cancer was 38.96% (90/231). The 5-year survival rates of 62 patients accompanied with synchronous esophageal cancer and 169 patients without were 27.42% (17/62) and 43.20% (73/169), respectively, with statistic difference ( χ2=4.747, P=0.029). The 5-year survival rate of 49 patients accompanied with synchronous early esophageal cancer was 30.69% (17/49). Among the 13 patients with synchronous progressive esophageal cancer, none had a survival period of 5 years, which was significantly different compared with the patients with synchronous early esophageal cancer ( P=0.013). The detection rates of synchronous esophageal carcinoma by gastroscopy and by systemic PET-CT were 26.84% (62/231) and 14.29% (33/231), respectively, with statistic difference ( χ2=11.14, P<0.01). The detection rates of synchronous early esophageal carcinoma by gastroscopy and by systemic PET-CT were 21.21% (49/231) and 8.66% (20/231), respectively, and the difference was also statistically significant ( χ2=14.328, P<0.01). Conclusion:Hypopharyngeal cancer accompanied with synchronous esophageal cancer is of high risk, which affects the survival rate of patients. Early gastroscopy in hypopharyngeal cancer patients can significantly improve the detection rate of synchronous esophageal cancer, which helps to design individualized regimen to improve the survival rate of patients.

Purpose:To study the diagnostic value of using ultrasonography(US)、plain film of the abdomen(KUB)、 intravenous urography (IVU) in acute ureteral calculous obstruction. Methods: The routine B-US、diuretic US、 KUB、 IVU were retrospectively analyzed in 352 cases of acute ureteral calculous obstruction.Results: Of all the patients, 83.2 % (293/352) 、 96.6 % (340/352)were diagnosed as hydronephrosis by routine B-US、 routine B-US plus diuretic US, respectively. The hydronephrotic diagnosis of 59 suspected patients were79.7% (47/59)using diuretic US. The ureteral calculous dignosis of US、KUB、US plus KUB were 76. 1 % (268/352 )、81.6(284/348)and 91.8(323/352),respectively. Conclusion:The routine B-US is an effective method todiagnose acute upper urinary tract obstruction,and routine B-US plus diuretic US is more valuable. B-US plusKUB is the first approach to diagnose ureteral calculi.

Microparticles (MP) are small membrane vesicles released from many different cell types in response to cellular activation or apoptosis, which have the procoagulant effect. Hemolytic anemia(HA) is a type of anemia that have a short life expectancy of red blood cells due to the destruction which exceed the hematopoietic compensatory capacity of bone marrow. Sickle cell anemia(SCD), thalassemia and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria(PNH) are all characterized by hypercoagulation and thromboembolism (TE). Research shows that MP can promote the formation of hypercoagulative state which in turn increases the risk of thromboembolism in HA. This review mainly summarized the advance research of MP in HA in the past 5 years. Moreover the relationship between the abnormal MP and hypercoagulation in HA, the impact of the related treatment to the MP, the research of MP in animal model of HA and the application of the MP-proteomics in HA are also disscussed.

OBJECTIVEShellfish are recognized as important vehicles of norovirus-associated gastroenteritis. The present study aimed to monitor norovirus contamination in oysters along the farm-to-fork continuum in Guangxi, a major oyster production area in Southwestern China.

METHODSOyster samples were collected monthly from farms, markets, and restaurants, from January to December 2016. Norovirus was detected and quantified by one-step reverse transcription-droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (RT-ddPCR).

RESULTSA total of 480 oyster samples were collected and tested for norovirus genogroups I and II. Norovirus was detected in 20.7% of samples, with genogroup II predominating. No significant difference was observed in norovirus prevalence among different sampling sites. The norovirus levels varied widely, with a geometric mean of 19,300 copies/g in digestive glands. Both norovirus prevalence and viral loads showed obvious seasonality, with a strong winter bias.

CONCLUSIONThis study provides a systematic analysis of norovirus contamination 'from the farm to the fork' in Guangxi. RT-ddPCR can be a useful tool for detection and quantification of low amounts of norovirus in the presence of inhibitors found particularly in foodstuffs. This approach will contribute to the development of strategies for controlling and reducing the risk of human illness resulting from shellfish consumption.