Compared with proinflammatory processes in the development of type 2 diabetes,our knowledge on anti-inflammatory cytokines is rather limited.Anti-inflammatory cytokines such as adiponectin,interleukin 1 receptor antagonist(IL-1RA),transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1),growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15),omentin,and secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) are strongly associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes:Adiponectin and omentin levels decreased before type 2 diabetes,in contrast,concentrations of IL-1RA,TGF-β1,GDF-15 are increased.Change of SFRP5 levels in impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes remains controversial.This paper will summarize and recommend studies that investigated associations between circulating levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from the rhizomes of Paeonia sinjiangensis. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and identified by chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS, and RP-HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. Results: Sixteen compounds were isolated from the 80% ethanol extract from the rhizomes of P. sinjiangensis, and identified as 8-debenzoylpaeoniflorin (1), 4-O-butylpaeoniflorin (2), galloylpaeoniflorin (3), 4-O-methylbenzoylpaeoniflorin (4), benzoylalbiflorin (5), albiflorin R1 (6), 9-O-butylpaeonidanin (7), (Z)-(1S, 5R)-β-pinen-10-yl β-vicianoside (8), gallic acid (9), methyl gallate (10), ethyl gallate (11), isovanillic (12), 6-hydroxycoumarin (13), 3, 4, 23-trihydroxy-24, 30-dinorolean-12, 20 (29)-dien-28-oic acid (14), palbinone (15), and cadina-4, 11-dien-14-oic acid (16). Conclusion: Compound 16 is firstly isolated from the Ranunculaceae family, and compounds 1-15 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective It has been known that hepatopulmonary syndrome(HPS) is related to the imbalance between vasoconstrictors and vasodilators. The aim of the study is to examine the levels of plasma calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and endothelin(ET) in patients with HPS for exploring their roles in HPS formation. Methods The levels of CGRP and ET were measured by radioimmunoassay in 16 cases of HPS, 30 cases of liver cirrhosis without HPS and 15 normal controls. Results The levels of plasma CGRP ((65?15)pg/ml) and ET((78?21)pg/ml) in 16 cases of HPS were significantly higher than those in liver cirrhosis (CGRP (51?15) pg/ml, ET (60?14) pg/ml) and in healthy controls (CGRP (32?12) pg/ml, ET (36?11) pg/ml) ( P 0.05). Conclusions The increase of plasma CGRP and ET is closely associated with the intrapulmonar vascular dilation of HPS and hypoxemia. The levels of plasma CGRP and ET in liver cirrhosis were significantly higher than those in healthy controls ( P

Airway Extubation ; adverse effects ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; therapeutic use ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Tetrahydronaphthalenes ; therapeutic use ; Trachea

Amyloid ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Plaque, Amyloid ; pathology ; Prolactin ; secretion ; Prolactinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the association between interleukin-23 receptor (IL-23R) gene rs1343151 single nucleotide polymorphism and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Chinese Han patients. Methods The genotypes of IL-23R SNP was detected in 104 Chinese AS patients and 95 ethnically matched blood donors by TaqMan probe assays. The allele and genotype frequencies and risk factors of AS were analyzed by Chi-square test in both groups. Results The rs 1343151 genotypes in AS patients consisted of homozygote C/C (90.4%),C/T (9.6%), while The rs1343151 genotypes in the controls were. composed of C/C (91.6%), C/T (8.4%). No significant difference was found in the distribution of rs1343151 genotypes between these two groups (x2=0.086, P>0.05). The frequency of rs1343151 allele in AS patients was also not significantly increased when compared with the control group (x2 =0.082,P>0.05). Conclusion There may be no association between the IL-23R gene rs1343151 SNP and ankylosing spondylitis in Chinese Hart population.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of family stressors, family strains, general family values, family values for hospitalized children and family hardiness on family adaptation based upon McCubbin's family resilience model for families of hospitalized children in China. METHODS: A survey using a self-report questionnaire was conducted with 330 hospitalized children's parents. Six instruments were used in this model. The data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 19.0 and AMOS 19.0 program. RESULTS: Family strain had a significant negative direct effect, general family values and family hardiness had a significant positive direct effect, and family values for hospitalized children had a significant positive direct effect and indirect effect on family adaptation of hospitalized children. CONCLUSION: In this study McCubbin's resilience model and resiliency factors were identified. According to the finding of this study nursing interventions to reduce family stress, enhance family hardiness and consolidate general family values and family values for hospitalized children can help to increase family adaptation in families of hospitalized children. Therefore, the significance of this study is that the results can be used to develop family nursing intervention programs based on family resilience to strengthen family adaptation in families of hospitalized children.
Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; China ; Family Nursing ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Parents ; Sprains and Strains ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

In this study,we discussed the way of imparting the microbial knowledge and elevating non-biological student's science in public optional course "Microbes and Man" from the teaching practice.During the course,we first chose the material according to students' characteristic,and then introduced several methods like lecturing on subject,visiting factories and making microbial experiments in order to inter-est students in microbiology and get better in teaching effects.

BACKGROUND:Tumor recurrence results from the incomplete removal of cancer stem cel s with self-renewal characteristics, and then how to label and eliminate cancer stem cel s becomes the key to cancer treatment. OBJECTIVE:To observe the morphology,distribution and number of CD44+/C-myc+METHODS:Pathological tissues from 150 patients with colorectal cancer were taken to prepare tissue microarray, in order to observe and count CD44 cel s in colorectal cancer, and to explore the relationship between the expression and postoperative metastasis.+/C-myc+cel s by using immunohistochemical double staining. Patients were fol owed up through mobile phones , letters , and so on, and the relationship between the expression of CD44+/C-myc+cel s and postoperative metastasis were statistical y recorded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no CD44+/C-myc+cel s in normal tissue and little in adenoma. A smal number of CD44+/C-myc+cel s distributed as dots or focal lesions in adenocarcinoma. The number of CD44+/C-myc+cel s was related to the degree of adenocarcinoma differentiation, depth of invasion, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The univariate analysis showed that the overal survival rate and progression-free survival rate were associated with the number of CD44+/C-myc+cel s, lymph node metastasis and Ducks staging in adenocarcinoma (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that the overal survival rate was related to CD44+/C-myc+cel amount and the progression-free survival rate was related to CD44+/C-myc+cel amount and the Ducks staging. Therefore, CD44+/C-myc+cel s are probably cancer stem cel s, and Ducks staging and CD44+/C-myc+cel amount are important prognostic factors for colorectal cancer.

Hypokalemia is a common clinical symptom. It is quite important to clarify the cause of hypokalemia. Autoimmune thyroid disease and primary Sjogren syndrome ( pSS ) have a common genetic predisposition. The coexistence of both diseases is frequent. Renal tubular acidosis ( RTA) is one of the causes of hypokalemia, which can be primary and secondary to other diseases in etiology. Primary RTA is more common in children. As for adults, RTA is often secondary to pSS. In this paper, we reported a case of hypokalemia caused by Hashimoto’s thyroiditis associated with primary Sjogren’s syndrome and renal tubular acidosis in order to call attention to the special cause and treatment of hypokalemia.