Objective:To probe the method of isolating outer hair cells (OHC) from each of four turns of the guinea-pig cochlea. Method:From eight guinea pigs the organ of Corti from each of four turns of the cochlea were dissected, and then treated using enzyme. Result:A fair amount of living OHCs from each of four turns were obtained. The length of OHCs from each of four turns were 23.81,34.50,60.48 and 71.37 μm. Conclusion:The key to success in isolating OHCs from each of four turns of the cochlea is to know very well the anatomical characteristics of each of four turns of the cochlea and be operated in accordance with normal rules.

Objective To discuss whether it is necessary to integrate metabolic indices into diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods Taking ESHRE /ASRM diagnosis standard as gold standard,the case group composed of 51 women with PCOS and the control group composed of 47 women without PCOS were selected.By using classification tree C5.0,significant variables chosen by single factor analysis were used to establish a new diagnostic model which combined reproductive indices and metabolic indices.The validity and reliability of the new diagnostic model by using ROC curve analysis were evaluated.Finally,the consistence and difference between the new diagnostic model and the gold standard were analyzed.Results Single factor analysis chose 13 significant variables. ROC analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.930(P =0.000)and the optimal cut -off point was 0.190 with a sensitivity of 94.10%,a specificity of 91.50% and a consistency of 92.86%,which told us the new diagnostic model had superior validity and reliability.The two diagnostic methods had excellent consistence (Kappa =0.857,P =0.000)and there was no statistically significant difference (P =1.000).Conclusion Considering that whether metabolic indices are integrated into diagnosis of PCOS doesn′t change the diagnosis result,and it is unnecessary to integrate metabolic indices into diagnosis of PCOS.

39℃)developed at the progressive stage of this disease.Physical examination showed variously sized,round or oval,atrophic and variola-like scars along with scattered erythematous patches,papules, necrosis and crusts on the face and extremities.The face was edematous,and there were some edematous and erythematous plaques with a necrotic center on the legs and arms.Histological examination revealed a massive infiltration with atypical CD8~+lymphocytes around the vessels and appendages in dermis.A diagnosis of CD8~+cutaneous T-cell lymphoma(CTCL)was made.Glucocorticoid and immunosuppressants were effective in controlling the condition.Up to the time of the writing,there has not been any definite evidence of systemic involvement.

Objective To select sonogram features for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid small nodules by Logistics regression analysis,and to contribute the binary Logistic regression model of sonogram features as independent variable and evaluate the value of conventional ultrasonography and ultrasound elastography (UE) in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid small nodules.Methods 166 thyroid nodules (≤ 10 mm) in 140 patients were reviewed and analyzed by 2D ultrasound,color Doppler flow imaging and UE.A Logistic model was obtained based on pathology as golden diagnosis criteria.The odds ratio of variables in the equation were compared to assess various variables,especially the efficacy of elastography in the diagnosis.Results Four statistically significant features were finally entering the Logistic stepwise regression model,including shape,calcification,the internal component of nodules and elasticity score.And the odds ratio of the elasticity score was higher than other features.Conclusions The analysis of binary Logistic regression can select the valuable variables for the diagnosis of pathological nature of thyroid small nodules.UE has much more dominances than other features.The combinated application of UE and 2D ultrasonic features plays a great clinical role in the final diagnosis of thyroid small nodules.

Objective To know the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) and the implementation of control measures against the disorders in high-risk areas of Hainan province. Methods Typical sampling principle was used. Eight townships with lower coverage rate of iodized salt were chosen in IDD high-risk counties of Hainan. New cretinism cases were screened among children aged 10 years and under. Intelligence quotient (IQ)value, urinary iodine (UI) concentration and thyroid gland size (by palpation and B ultrasonic) were investigated in children aged 8 to 10 years and questionnaire was also carried out among students from grade 5 in elementary school. Edible salt and urine of women of childbearing age were collected to detect iodine levels, respectively,questionnaire was also carried out among the women of childbearing age. The UI was determined by As3-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometer, the salt iodine level was determined using self-quantitative kit. IQ values were measured by the Combined Raven Test in China (CRT-C2). Results Seventy-two townships were investigated in three consecutive years, 7937 children aged 8 to 10 years, 1797 women of childbearing age and 4128 students of grade 5 were included in the survey. One child was diagnosed as suspected new cretinism case. The coverage rate of iodized salt was increased from 44.6%(629/1411) in 2007 to 92.1%(1688/1832) in 2009. The goiter rate was dropped from 5.9% (269/4548), 6.0% (274/4548) in 2007 to 1.6% (24/1461), 0.1% (2/1461) in 2009 bypalpation, and by B-ultrasound, respectively, in children aged 8 to 10 years. The median urinary iodine(MUI) was found to be increased from 97.4 μg/L in 2007 to 165.0 μg/L in 2009, and the percentage of UI less than 50.0 μg/L, and 100.0 μg/L were dropped from 21.4%(973/4548), 51.2%(2329/4548) in 2007 to 7.5 %(110/1461), 23.4%(342/1461) in 2009, respectively. The MUI of women of childbearing age was found to be elevated from 73.7 μg/L in 2007 to 126.1 μg/L in 2009, and the value was also increased from 55.7 μg/L to 121.5 μg/L in pregnant women, but these values were still lower than 150.0 μg/L The pass rate of the questionnaire of IDD controlling among the students of grade 5 and the women of childbearing age was raised from 29.8% (446/1495) ,24.1% (179/742) in 2007 to 65.8%(732/1112), 72.1%(264/366) in 2009, respectively. The mean IQ of children was 90.4±16.0, and the percentage of IQ value less than 69 was 12.6% (1000/7937). Conclusions The diseased state of IDD has improved in the high-risk counties of disorders in Hainan province, but the pregnant women are still iodine deficient. Iodine supplimentation should be promoted among pregnant women.

Hyperhomocysteinemia, which is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, may cause aberrant methylation and dysregulation of gene expression, but the characteristics of the aberrant methylation and its key links involved in its pathogenic mechanisms are still poorly understood. The effect of hyperhomocysteine on DNA methylation in vascular smooth muscle cells, its characteristics and the underlying mechanism of Hcy-induced changing in DNA methylation patterns were investigated. Clinical relevant concentrations of homocysteine was added into the cultured vascular smooth muscle cells of the Homo sapien umbilical vein for 24 h. The level of SAM and SAH was detected by HPLC. The activity of SAH Hydrolase was detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and Western blotting analysis. The level and patterns of DNA methylation were measured by endogenous C-5 DNA methyltransferase(C-5 MT-ase) activity and capacity of genomic DNA to accept methyl groups and methylation-dependent restriction analysis. The results indicated that an increased Hcy concentration induced elevated SAH, declined SAM and the ratio of SAM/SAH, reduced expression of SAH Hydrolase, but increased activity of C-5MT-ase. The methylation status of gDNA analyzed by methyl-accepting capacity of gDNA uncovered a demethylation process in gDNA, or homocysteine-caused hypomethylation in gDNA.With different methylation-dependent restriction endonucleases, the aberrant demethylation was found to prefer C↓CGG sequences to CpG islands. The impacts of different dosage of Hcy showed that the varied detrimental effects of Hcy could be attributed to different concentrations via different mechanisms. In mild and moderate hyperhomocysteinemia, the Hcy may primarily influence the epigenetic regulation of gene expression through the interference of transferring methyl-group metabolism, while in more higher Hcy concentration, the notorious impacts may be more directly caused via oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation etc.

Objective To explore the correlation between the expression of protease activated receptors-2 (PAR-2) and intestinal mucosal barrier injury of acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) in rats.Methods The ANP rat model was created.The expression of PAR-2 in rat's intestinal mucosa of sham-operated group and ANP group at six,12 and 24 hours after model established was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC),reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot.The difference between groups was analyzed by one way analysis of variance.Results The results of IHC indicated that PAR-2 expression in rat's intestinal mucosa of sham-operated group was weak.The number of PAR-2 expression positive cells and immunostaining intensity increased significantly after ANP model established.The IHC score was 4.88±0.33,5.87±0.32 and 11.17±0.27 at six,12 and 24 hours after model established respectively.Compared with those of shamoperated group (2.86 ± 0.31),the differences were statistically significant (F=747.08,P＜0.01).The expression of PAR-2 at mRNA and protein level in intestinal mucosa of sham-operated group was very low.As time extended after ANP model established,both expression increased gradually.The PAR-2 mRNA was 0.56±0.03,0.69±0.03,1.05±0.05,and the protein was 0.28±0.02,0.35±0.03,0.69±0.04 at six,12 and 24 hours after model established respectively.Compared with shamoperated group,the differences were statistically significant at each time point (F=785.69,1177.82,both P＜0.01).Conclusions PAR-2 is activated in the inflammatory progress of ANP,and may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of intestinal mucosa barrier injury in ANP.

Hotlines ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; prevention & control ; virology ; Internet ; Preventive Health Services ; methods

The skin ulceration syndrome of sea cucumber is a kind of desease induced by bacterium.In order to investigate the bacterium of infected sea cucumber and detect the N-acyl-homoserine lactones(AHLs) se-cretion of the bacterium,7 bacterial strains were isolated from the infected sea cucumber.These strains were identified by physiological-biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence.Results show that strain C6 belongs to Tenacibaculum,strain 4 belongs to Shewanella putrefaciens group,strain TB belongs to Vibrio,strain BP2,BP3,BP4 and BP6 belong to Pseudoalteromonas,respectively.AHLs were detected with strain Agrobacterium tumefaciens KYC55.Among these bacterial strains,strain C6,4,TB,BP3 and BP4 can se-cret AHLs,while strain BP2 and BP6 can’t.And the AHLs activity differs,from the highest to the lowest are 4,TB,BP4,BP3 and C6.

Objective To investigate the relationship between vaspin,Apelin,leptin and polycystic ovary syndrome.Methods We determined the serum vaspin,Apelin and leptin levels of 40 cases of PCOS patients and 30 cases of control group,and divided the PCOS group into three subgroups (normal weight,overweight and obesity) according to WHO criteria for obesity.Then we compared the serum vaspin,Apelin and leptin levels in PCOS and control group,and the differences in body weight index (body mass index,BMI) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome,and analyzed roles of adipokine vaspin,Apelin and leptin in the pathogenesis of PCOS.Results In PCOS patients adipokine vaspin,Apelin,leptin,insulin resistance index (Homeostasis model assessment for insulin index in resistence,HOMA-IR),fasting insulin (INS) and blood glucose,blood lipid were higher than those of the control group and increased with the increase of body mass index (BMI),and three kinds of adipokines and PCOS patients with HOMA-IR were positively correlated,there were statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The results of vaspin,Apelin and leptin may be involved in the occurrence of PCOS.