· AlM:To analyze the association between the macular thickness and emmetropic, low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes.
·METHODS:The 276 teenagers (276 eyes) between 18~28 years treated in our hospital from January, 2013 to May, 2014 were selected, whose corrective visual acuity was≥1.0 and intraocular preasure was ≤21mmHg and who were willing to participate in this research.Forty-nine emmetropic, 72 low myopic, 104 moderate myopic and 51 highly myopic eyes were measured by optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) to detect the central subfield thickness, bitamporal, superior, lateral and inferior region thickness of inner and outer region, average thickness of retinal macula, foveal thickness and retinal volume.The thickness of different parts of macula lutea was measured and statistically compared among emmetropic, low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes.
· RESULTS: The central subfield thickness of emmetropic, low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes were (225.38±20.97), (230.97±19.15), (227.01±16.92), (231.91 ±18.97 )μm. The average thickness of retinal macula, of emmetropic, low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes were (280.92±12.71), (278.15± 11.90), (270.05±12.07), (267.93±11.08) μm.There were no significant differences of center thickness (F=1.253, P=0.291) and central subfield thickness ( F=1.034, P=0.378) between emmetropic, low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes.The macular thickness of inner and outer region in moderate myopic eyes was significantly less than that in emmetropic eyes, and there was significant difference (P<0.05).Comparison between low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes was carried out and macular thickness of all regions of inner and outer region in moderate myopic group was significantly increased, and there was significant difference (P<0.05).There was no significant difference when compared with the macular thickness of inner and outer region of the highly myopic group (P>0.05).
· CONCLUSlON: ln low myopic eyes of teenagers, the center macular thickness do not become thinner. However, the macular thickness of inner and outer region is thinner than that of emmetropic eyes.Furthermore, with the increase of the degree of the myopia, the amount of macular thinner gradually decreases from outer region to inner region.

Objectives To explore the effect of transient continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) on β cell function, insulin resistance and vascular endothelial injury in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and its potential mechanism. Methods Ten patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accepted CSII for two weeks. Intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and hyperinsulinemia euglycemia clamp test were performed before and after CSII. Serum soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) was used to evaluate the injury of vascular endothelial cell, while serum high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) and soluble CD_(14) (sCD_(14)) were both used to assess inflammatory condition. Results (1) Compared with those before treatment, the blood glucose levels of IVGTT, the area under the curve of the blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, TC and LDL-C in the patients were decreased after CSII (P < 0. 05 or 0. 01). (2) Compared with those before treatment, the insulin levels of IVGTT (except the fasting insulin), the area under the curve of insulin and acute insulin response were all increased after CSII(P < 0.05 or 0.01). (3) Compared with that before treatment, the glucose infusion ratio in the clamp test [(3.46±1.66)mg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1) increased to (7.14±2.37)mg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1)]and HOMA-β elevated, while HOMA-IR declined (P <0. 05 or 0. 01 in all). (4) Compared with those before treatment, the levels of serum sE-selectin, sCD_(14) and hsCRP were decreased (P < 0. 01, except for hsCRP) . Conclusion Transient intensive insulin therapy in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM is useful to restore 13 cell function, attenuate insulin resistance, repair vascular endothelial injury and improve the disorder of blood sugar and lipid. The mechanism may be related with the inhibition of inflammation in patients.

OBJECTIVETo establish nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in young rats, and to investigate the metabolic characteristics of these rats.

METHODSFifteen male and fifteen female SD rats of 3 weeks old were randomly divided into three groups, normal group (N), 20% high fat group (HF1) and 30% high fat group (HF2). All the rats were fed under Specific pathogen Free (SPF) condition for 6 weeks and executed at the end of the 6th week. Body length and weight of each rat as well as their liver weight were measured for calculating Liver Index (LI). ALT, AST, TG, TC, INS, Glu and HOMA-IR in the blood were measured. Liver tissue homogenate was prepared for detecting TG level. The liver section was stained with HE and oil red. The expression of SPEBP-1 and leptin in liver was detected by immunostaining.

RESULTSThe typical pathological change of NAFLD was found in the rats of HF groups. In HF2 group, no rats died during the experiment and the degree of fat degeneration is homogeneous. Comparing with those in N group, TC (mmol/L), liver TG (mmol/L) and ALT levels in HF2 group were significantly elevated (2.50+/-0.39 vs 1.82+/-0.43, P less than 0.01; 25.38+/-13.29 vs 12.09+/-9.59, P less than 0.01 and 69.80+/-18.22 vs 48.00+/-10.45, P less than 0.01, respectively). Comparing with those in N group, TG level in HF1 group was significantly decreased (0.17+/-0.10 vs 0.32+/-0.12, P less than 0.05), Glu level in HF1 group was significantly elevated (12.33+/-3.48 vs 8.13+/-2.53, P less than 0.05). There were no significant difference between the results of AST, INS and HOMA-IR among the groups. The expression level of SREBP-1 and leptin increased in HF groups.

CONCLUSIONNAFLD can be induced by 30% high-fat feeding for 6 weeks in young rats, high-fat feeding induces the expression of SREBP-1 and leptin expression and fat synthesis.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Body Mass Index ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Dietary Fats ; administration & dosage ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fatty Liver ; blood ; etiology ; pathology ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Leptin ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 ; metabolism ; Triglycerides ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects, side-effects and security of bupivacaine, ropivacaine combined with fentanyl in postoperative continuous epidural analgesia.

METHODSA total of 1 600 postoperative continuous epidural analgesia patients receiving different agents in SICU were divided into two groups: 0.1% bupivacaine +5 microg/ml fentanyl group (group B, n = 920) and 0.2% ropivacaine +2 microg/ml fentanyl group (group R, n = 680). The effects (visual analog-scale score and content to analgesia), side effects were analyzed retrospectively in the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with group B, patients in group R had higher analgesia contentment (P < 0.05), but no difference in visual analog-scale score was found in the two groups. The incidences of urinary retention, nausea and vomiting, skin itching in group B were significantly higher than those in group R (P < 0.05). In each group, patients over sixty had higher ratio of hypotension than those under sixty (P < 0.05); The female patients had a higher incidence of nausea and vomiting than male patients (P < 0.05); The incidence of debility and numbness of lower limbs in patients with lumbar segments epidural analgesia was higher than those with thoracic analgesia (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS0.1% bupivacaine +5 microg/ml fentanyl and 0.2% ropivacaine +2 microg/ml fentanyl can provide adequate pain relief in postoperative continuous epidural analgesia, and 0.2% ropivacaine +2 microg/ml fentanyl comes with less side effects. The incidence of complication is related with analgesics, age, gender and the position of epidural puncture.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amides ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Analgesia, Epidural ; adverse effects ; methods ; Analgesia, Obstetrical ; adverse effects ; methods ; Analgesics, Opioid ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Anesthetics, Local ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Bupivacaine ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Fentanyl ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain, Postoperative ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Many studies have showed that apoptosis of endothelial cells plays a curial role in the progress of sepsis. But the role of simvastatin in apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by sepsis is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of simvastatin in apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by sepsis and its mechanism. METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were randomly divided into three groups: control group, sepsis serum intervention group (sepsis group) and simvastatin+sepsis serum intervention group (simvastatin group). After 24-hour incubation with corresponding culture medium, the relative growth rate of HUVECS in different groups was detected by MTT assay; the apoptosis of HUVECs was detected by Hoechst33258 assay and flow cytometry; and the expression of the Bcl-2 and Bax genes of HUVECs was detected by PCR. RESULTS: Compared with the sepsis group, HUVECs in the simvastatin group had a higher relative growth rate. Apoptotic HUVECs decreased significantly in the simvastatin group in comparison with the sepsis group. Expression of the Bcl-2 gene in HUVECs decreased obviously, but the expression of the Bax gene increased obviously after 24-hour incubation with sepsis serum;however, the expression of the Bcl-2 and Bax genes was just the opposite in the simvastatin group. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that simvastatin can inhibit apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by sepsis through upregulating the expression of Bcl-2 and downregulating Bax. It may be one of the mechanisms for simvastatin to treat sepsis.

Objective To investigate Bartonella infection in rodent hosts from different environments and types of climate in Fujian coastal regions. Genetypes of the Bartonella strains was also studied to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of the correlated diseases. Methods By random sampling method, we selected six study sites in Fujian southeastern coastal regions. Rodents were captured by cages to Isolate Bartonella strains. Bartonella-like isolates were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The 379 bp fragment of gltA gene was sequenced and the growth and development tree was constructed to determine Bartonella species. Distribution of Bartonella species in the different area and related hosts was also analysed. Results Bartonella species were isolated from 188 of 1161 small animals including five rodent species. The infected animals were grouped into 2 genera and 2 orders. They were Suncus murinus, Rattas norvegicus, Rnttus flavipectus, Mus masculus and Rattus rattus. The overall prevalence of Bartonella bacteremia was 16.19% in the most prevalent species of rodents in Fujian southeastern coastal regions including 21.43% in Suncus murinus, 13.54% in Rattas norvegicus and 18.27% in Rattus flavipectus. Rodents in every investigated areas were infected by Bartonella species (9.25% in Ningde, 9.52% in Fuzhou, 9.38% in Putian, 28.18% in Quanzhou, 17.42% in Xiamen and 13.33% in Zhangzhou). There were significant differences among infected rates in different annual accumulated temperature districts (χ~2=12.93, P<0.001). Isolates from rodents were clustered in three genotypes (B.elizabethae, B.qeenslandensis and B.tribocorum A, B). Conclusion The local rodents in Fujian southeastern coastal regions were widely infected by Bartonella spp. Differences among the prevalent species of Bartonella in Fujian southeastern coastal region, Yunan and Beijing were noticed. Our findings suggested there was a need to study the prevalence, related vectors and the molecular organism of Bartonella spp.

Objective To study Caveolin-1,EGFR expression in bladder transitional call carcinoma and their prognostic value. Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect Caveolin-1,EGFR in 89 cases.of bladder transitional call carcinoma.Results In 89 cases,the percentage of abnormal Caveolin-1 and EGFR expression were 37.1% and 50.6 % respectively.Significant change was observed in different grade case,P

Objective To investigate the effect of Astragalus injection combined with low molecular heparin sodium on patients with preeclampsia.Methods All total of 64 patients with preectampsia were selected from our hospital in accordance with the standards were selected and randomly divided into two groups,each group with 32 cases.The control group was treated with 25％ magnesium sulfate 25 mL + 5％glucose injection 20 mL,slow intravenous injection in 5-10 min,followed by 25％ magnesium sulfate 40 mL + 5％ glucose injection 500 mL,intravenous infusion with 1-2 g · h-1 dripping speed,the total volume of magnesium sulfate was 25 g,qd,continued treatmcnt for 1 week.The treatment group,on the basis of the control group,treated with low-molecular-weight heparin sodiun injection 4100 U,qd,subcutaneous injection;Astragalus injection 30 mL +0.9％ normal saline 250 mL,qd,intravenous drip,continued treatment for 1 week.The percentage of platelets positive for glycoprotein GP I1 / 111 α were detected by flow cytometry.The serum D-dimer values were measured by colloidal gold double antibody sandwich nethod.The serum level of estrogen (E2) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results After treatment,factors in the treatment group and the control group were as follows:the glycoprotein GP Ⅱ/Ⅲ α levels were (0.86 ± 0.39),(1.39 ± 0.41)％;serum D-dimer levels were (1.07 ±0.37),(1.49 ±0.41) mg · L-t,the serum E2 levels were(54.63 ± 8.64) and(47.82 ± 8.21) pmol · L-1,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(all P ＜ 0.05).The pregnancy termination week in the treatment group and the control group were (32.51 ± 1.37),(31.26 ± 1.24) weeks;the neonatal body mass in the two groups were (1956.26 ± 142.36),(1824.63 ± 132.59) g.Compared with the control group,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rates of adverse drug reactions in treatment and control groups were respectively 31.25％ (10 cases/32 cases)and 40.63％ (13 cases/32 cases),there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Astragalus injection combined with low molecular heparin sodium can safely and effectively improve the pregnancy outcome of preeclampsia pregnant women.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features of various types of mature T-cell and natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma in Guangdong, China, with respect to the 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms.

METHODSEleven hundred and thirty-seven (1137) cases of mature T-cell or NK/T-cell lymphoma diagnosed during the period from 2002 to 2006 in Guangzhou area were retrieved. The clinical data, histologic features and immunohistochemical findings were reviewed by a panel of experienced hematopathologists. Additional immunostaining was performed if indicated. The cases were re-classified according to the 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms.

RESULTSNine hundred and sixty-three (963) cases fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of mature T-cell or NK/T-cell lymphoma and accounted for 20.1% of all cases of lymphoma encountered during the same period (963/4801). A predominance of extranodal involvement was noted in 644 cases (66.9%), while 319 cases (33.1%) showed mainly nodal disease. The prevalence of various lymphoma subtypes was as follows: peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL, NOS) 293 cases (30.4%), extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type 281 cases (29.2%), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) 198 cases (20.6%), and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AILT) 46 cases (4.8%). The male-to-female ratio was 1.99. The median age of the patients was 44 years, with the peak age of PTCL, NOS, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type and AILT being 55 to 64 years, 25 to 54 years and 65 to 74 years, respectively. ALK-positive ALCL occurred more frequently in young age, while the ALK-negative ALCL cases occurred mainly in the elderly.

CONCLUSIONSExtranodal lesions predominate in mature T-cell and NK/T-cell lymphomas occurring in Guangzhou area. There is a male predominance and the overall incidence shows no increasing trend with age of the patient. The peak age of various subtypes however varies. The most common subtype was PTCL, NOS, followed by extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, ALCL and AILT. The relatively frequent occurrence of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type in Guangdong area is likely associated with the high incidence of Epstein-Barr virus infection there.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Infant ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; metabolism ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; World Health Organization ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) and its differential diagnosis.

METHODSTen cases of FDCS were studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization. The clinical features and follow-up information were analyzed.

RESULTSAmongst the 10 cases of FDCS studied, the male-to-female ratio was 1:1. The mean age of the patients was 42 years. Six of them were located in cervical and peritoneal lymph nodes and four in extranodal sites (including tonsil, pelvic cavity, tail of pancreas and spleen). Histologically, the tumor cells had whorled, storiform or diffuse growth patterns. They were spindle in shape and contained syncytial eosinophilic cytoplasm, with round or oval nuclei, vesicular chromatin, distinct nucleoli and a variable number of mitotic figures. Multinucleated tumor giant cells and intranuclear pseudoinclusions were occasionally seen. There was a sprinkling of small lymphocytes and neutrophils within the tumor as well as in the perivascular region. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were diffusely or focally positive for CD21, CD23, CD35 and D2-40, but negative for LCA, CD20, CD3, CD1a, HMB45 and CK. Some of them showed EMA, CD68 and S-100 reactivity. In-situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA (EBER) showed positive signals in only one case (which was diagnosed as inflammatory pseudotumor-like FDCS). Of the 7 patients with follow-up information available (duration: 2 months to 39 months; mean: 14 months), 2 cases with paraneoplastic pemphigus died of pulmonary infection at 5 and 7 months respectively. The remaining 5 patients were alive and disease-free after surgical excision (+/- chemotherapy and radiotherapy).

CONCLUSIONSFDCS is a rare low to intermediate-grade malignant tumor. Appropriate application of FDC markers, such as CD21, CD35 and D2-40, would be helpful for arriving at a correct diagnosis. Most cases are associated with good prognosis after surgical treatment, with or without chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus carry a less favorable prognosis.

Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Interdigitating ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Meningioma ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; complications ; Pemphigus ; complications ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; metabolism ; Receptors, IgE ; metabolism ; Tonsillar Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult