Objective To summarize the analytical results of radioactivity in the food and drinking water nationwide following the Fukushima nuclear accident,and to evaluate its possible contamination to the public health in China.Methods According to the national standard methods and IAEA,FDA correlative references,the scheme was established on sampling and measurements in food and drinking water after the breakout of the accident.The quality control was requested on the sampling,analyses and data report.Results Trace artificial radioactive isotope of 131I was measured in spinach samples on 2 April 2011 in Beijing. Subsequently 131I was found in 10 kinds of growing leaves vegetables (open field)nationwide.The maximum detectable activity of 131I in vegetables was about 3.1 Bq/kg.Since 3 May 2011,the concentration of 131I has been below the detection limits.No artificial radionulide was detectable in all of milk,drinking water and marine products samples during March to December,2011.Conclusions The food and drinking water measurements in China following the Fukushima nuclear accident denoted that the minor amounts of 131I in vegetables might result in very low absorbed dose and induce no impact on human health.The maximum detectable activity of 131I in vegetables was close to that reported in European countries,and much less than that measured in China immediately after the Chernobyl accident in 1986.

Objective To ascertain the concentrations of uranium in drinking water around nuclear power plants.Methods A total of 106 water samples were collected from June 2009 to March 2010 in Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Liaoning and Shandong provinces.Inductively coupled plasma-msgs spectrometry(ICPMS)was applied to determine uranium content in local water source and drinking water.The detection limit of U was 0.8 ng/L.The recovery was 100.9%.Results The uranium concentrations in all samples were less than 15μg/L which was the limit given by World Health Organization(WHO).Conclusions The concentration of uranium in water sources was as follows:Liaoning>Shandong>Jiangsu>Zhejiang.The concentration of uranium in drinking water W88 maximal in Shandong Province and minimal in Zhejiang Province.

Adult ; Aortic Valve ; microbiology ; pathology ; Autopsy ; Brain ; microbiology ; pathology ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; complications ; microbiology ; pathology ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; microbiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; pathology ; Sepsis ; complications ; microbiology ; pathology ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous ; complications ; microbiology ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the changes of immunological parameters and the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP),schonlein-Henoch purpura(HSP) and mucocutaneoas lymph node syn-drome(kawasaki disease, KD).Methods T cell subsets and serum immunoglobulins and complements were measured with the flow cytometry and enhanced trubidimetric immunoassay. Routine therapy combined with IVIG. Results CD3+ CD4+ T cells were de-creased in children with ITP accompanied by increased serum IgG;Serum IgA and CD3+ T cells were increased in children with HSP; CD3+ CD8+ T cells were decreased in children with KD. Clinical features were markedly improved after treatment with IVIG. It was noted that the incidence of damage to coronary artery decreased after the use of IVIG. Conclusions T cell subsets, serum immunoglobulins should undergo the clinical routine examinations in ITP,HSP and KD. Early administration of IVIG might be important to improve disease prognosis and shorten its course of treatment in children with three kinds of immunology related diseases.

Objective: To explore the clinical features and pregnancy outcomes of intrauterine subchorionic hematoma and retroplacental hematoma. Methods: From May 2016 to May 2018, in the Fourth Hospital of Xi′an City, 110 cases of intrauterine hematoma were selected in the middle of pregnancy, including 52 cases of subchorionic hemaloma (group A) and 58 cases of retroplacental hematoma (group B). The clinical features and pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results: The volume of hematoma in group B was significantly smaller than that in group A [(8.8 ± 1.7) cm³ vs. (18.3 ± 2.0) cm³], the gestational weeks of group B was also significantly lower than that of group A [(35.2 ± 2.1) weeks vs. (38.4 ± 1.8) weeks], the full-term pregnancy rate in group B was lower than that in group A[56.9%(33/58) vs. 84.6%(44/52)], miscarriage rate and premature birth rate were higher than those in group A [20.7%(12/58) vs. 5.8%(3/52), 22.4%(13/58) vs. 7.7%(4/52)], and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).The incidence of fetal distress in group B was higher than that in group A [17.4%(8/46) vs. 2.0%(1/49)], the incidence of fetal membrane rupture, placental abnormality, and placental residue was all higher than that in group A[41.3%(19/46) vs.10.2%(5/49), 37.0%(17/46)vs.12.2%(6/49), 28.3%(13/46) vs. 6.1%(3/49)], and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The neonatal body mass in group B was lower than that in group A [(3 091.7 ± 887.6) g vs. (3 457.6 ± 560.2) g], and the incidence of neonatal diseases was higher than that of group A [15.2%(7/46) vs. 2.0%(1/49)], and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions The volume of hematoma and gestational weeks of intrauterine retroplacental hematoma are lower than those of subchorionic hematoma, and the retroplacental hematoma is more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes.

ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics and rehabilitation of dysarthria patients who speak mandarin. Methods18 patients were rehabilitated with physiologic approach for 40 d. Before and after rehabilitation, maximum phonation time (MPT), frequency, tone and expiratory rate were tested with phonolaryngeal graph, while forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), maximum midexpiratory flow (MMF), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were tested with Microspiro; Articulation and intelligibility were tested with mandarin words table and rate of sentence and paragraph. ResultsCompared with that before intervention, MPT of the patients were longer after intervention (P<0.05). The FVC was lower than normal rate before intervention and it was remarkable higher after intervention(P<0.01).Correct rate of sentence and paragraph was remarkable higher(P<0.01). ConclusionTests of Phono-laryngograph, Microspiro and correct rate of sentence are good comprehensive evaluation methods to speech and phonation of dysarthria. Physiologic approach to rehabilitation can remarkably improve patient's communication ability.

ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of temporal distance parameters on comfortable and maximal walking speed of hemiplegic stroke patients.MethodsThe comfortable and maximal walking speed of 85 hemiplegic stroke patients were tested by 10 m walking speed and temporal distance parameters of gait cycle were obtained. The effect of step length and walking rate on comfortable and maximal walking speed was analyzed.ResultsStep length and walking rate were significantly positive related to comfortable and maximal walking speed (r=0.849-0.915,P<0.001).The step regression analysis selected step length as a significant variable for comfortable and maximal walking speed (R2=0.835,R2=0.827,respectively). ConclusionThe important parameter that influences comfortable and maximal walking speed of hemiplegic stroke patients is step length.

Objective: To study the therapeutic potential of Fas inhibition in different diseases, a Fas-targeting siRNA (small interfering)-expressing plasmid was constructed. Methods: The U6 promoter cassette and siFas (small interfering RNA that inhibit Fas expression) template sequence were obtained by PCR method. They were cloned into modified pcDNA3.1. The resultant plasmid pU6-siFas was transfected into P815 cells with lipofectin2000 and selected under G-418-containing culture medium. Fas inhibition in stably transfected cells was detected by immunocytochemistry. Results: The plasmid pU6-siFas efficiently reduced the expression of Fas and conferred G-418 resistance in P815 cells. Conclusion: The successful construction of the siRNA expressing plasmid will facilitate the application of RNA interference technique and lay the foundation for further study of Fas inhibition in the treatment of different diseases such as aplastic anemia and acute liver failure.

OBJECTIVETo study the fundamental anatomy of transferring T(9-12) nerve roots to L(2-4) nerve root for the quadriceps function recovery inside the spinal canal of paraplegia.

METHODSThoracic and lumbar spinal canal and spinal dura mater of 5 adult cadavers (male 2 and female 3) were opened and explored. Investigated including: the position which T₉-L₄ nerve root generated from spinal cord; the relation between the position which T₉-L₄ nerve root generated from spinal cord and T₁₂ vertebrae and L₁ vertebrae; The length beginning part of T₉-L₄ nerve root inside the spinal canal. The diameter of T₉-L₄ nerve root. The distance between the T₉-L₄ nerve root separately. The distance between the position which T(9-12) nerve root separately generated from dura mater and the middle of L₂ vertebrae.

RESULTST₉ nerve root generated from the middle part of T₉ vertebrae; L₄ nerve root generates from middle part of L₂ vertebrae. The average length of T₉-L₄ nerve root inside the spinal canal separately was 16.12, 22.97, 30.43, 43.47, 56.02, 70.03, 88.70 and 113.65 mm. The average diameter of T₉-L₄ nerve root separately was 2.45, 2.04, 1.96, 2.18, 2.32, 2.56, 3.10 and 3.26 mm. The average distance between the beginning part of T₉-L₄ nerve root separately was 22.87, 25.08, 28.47, 27.38, 29.78, 31.93 and 31.00 mm. The average distance between the position which T(9-12) nerve root separately generated from dura mater and the middle of L₂ vertebrae was 118.69, 95.82, 70.74, and 42.27 mm.

CONCLUSIONST(9-12) nerve root can be used as donor nerve for repair L(2-4) nerve root. The level of L₂ vertebrae can be anastomose site of the recipient nerve.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; anatomy & histology ; Male ; Nerve Transfer ; Spinal Canal ; anatomy & histology ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; anatomy & histology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution of burn pathogens and their antibiotic resistance in a burn unit, so as to provide reference for clinical practice.

METHODSThree hundred and forty-eight burn patients hospitalized in our department were enrolled in this study. The pathogens isolated from the wounds, blood, venous catheter, sputum, urine, purulent discharge of wounds in these patients, and their antibiotic resistance were surveyed by retrospective analysis from Jan, 2001 to Dec, 2006.

RESULTSTotal-ly 464 strains were isolated, among which Gram negative (G-) bacilli accounted for 52.6%, Gram positive microorganisms (G+) accounted for 40.5%, and fungi accounted for 6.9%. The main pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species and Escherichia coli, among which Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was predominant (93.5%). MRSA was 100% resistant to levofloxacin, penicillium, oxacillin, and it was also resistant to other antibiotics except Vancomycin. The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Cefoperazone/Sulbactam, Imipenem and cefepime were 15.8%, 36.8%, 33.3%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONStaphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species and Escherichia coli were predominant in the burn unit,among them Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter were more resistant to antibiotics.

Acinetobacter baumannii ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Burn Units ; Burns ; microbiology ; Cross Infection ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; isolation & purification