Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a swine herpesvirus of the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily and a pathogen of swine resulting in devastating disease and economic losses worldwide. Cre/loxP site-specific system has the character of site specific, time specific, tissue specific and high efficiency in recombination, which makes this system universal in vivo and in vitro recombination of bacteria, fungus, plants, insects and mammals. A recombinant PRV which contain a loxP site in TK locus by using Cre/LoxP recombinant system was construsted. A pair of primers were synthesized according to the pEGFP-C1 sequence published on GenBank, and were used to amplify the EGFP gene expression cassette with two loxP sites flanking each side. This target gene was cloned into pSKLR, the resulting transfer vector pSKLR-GFP-loxP was then cotransfected into 293T cells with PRV SH strain genomic DNA. The recombinant virus rPRV1 was selected and purified in TK-143 cells by choosing fluorescent expressing plaques. Cre expression vector pOG231 was cotransfected into 293T cells with rPRV1 genomic DNA. The second recombinant virus rPRV2 was obtained, which contains only one loxP site in TK locus. Sequencing results of rPRV2 TK gene indicated that 34bp loxP site was inserted into rPRV2 genome and there were 270bp deletion in TK gene. PCR amplifying different generations of rPRV2 TK gene showed that the mutant was stable when passages in RK-13 cells. TCID_ 50 assay indicated that rPRV2 grows well on RK-13 cells. The LD_ 50 test results on BALB/C mice suggested that the virulence of rPRV2 was reduced. As a conclusion, the report gene GFP expression cassette was removed successfully from rPRV1 genome and only one LoxP site was leaved in rPRV2 genome by using Cre/LoxP recombinant system.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the incidence and characteristics of language disorders in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to understand the differences of language disorder according to the degree and lesion of brain damage and the outcomes after proper language training programs. METHOD: The subjects were 24 adult TBI patients. Seventeen patients with language disorder were examined with language disorder screening test. The characteristics of the language disorders were evaluated according to the degree and lesion site of the brain injury. Prognosis of the language disorders was studied. The tests were performed at the initiation and termination of the language treatment program. RESULTS: The incidence of language disorders was 91.7%. At the initial evaluation, all items showed a low rate of correct response, but at the final evaluation, the statistically significant improvement was noted in all items. There was no difference between moderate and severe brain damages at final evaluation. Focal lesion group revealed higher rate of correct response than diffuse lesion group on comprehension, expression, reading, and calculation at final evaluation. CONCLUSION: The TBI patients showed diffuse language dysfunction on fluency, comprehension, expression, reading, writing, and calculation. But the majority of these patients showed satisfactory recovery, especially the focal brain lesion showed the better outcome. These patients with focal lesion were needed precise language evaluation and more intensive language treatment program.
Adult ; Brain ; Brain Injuries* ; Comprehension ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans ; Incidence ; Language Disorders* ; Language Therapy ; Mass Screening ; Prognosis ; Writing

yggG, a Era-binding protein gene, was isolated and cloned from the E.coli genomic DNA library. Previous studies indicated that the product of yggG gene, YggG294(amino acids 1-294), strongly inhibited the growth of host bacteria and caused the death of bacteria cells. To elucidate whether Era is related to the death of bacterial cells expressed YggG294,A double promoter expression vector that can express YggG294 and Era proteins controllably in cells was constructed. Using this vector to express YggG294 and Era protein in the same E.coli cells, then analyzed the relation between YggG294 and Era. The results showed that the ratio of Era proteins to total proteins increased with the increase of induction time in E.coli cells without YggG294 expression and with little YggG294 expression;the ratio of Era proteins to total proteins seemed to be a constant level in E.coli cells overexpressing YggG294;but we could not detect any Era hydrolyzate in E.coli cells overexpressed YggG294 could not be detected. The results also showed that pre-expression of Era protein did not produce any effect on the growth inhibition of E.coli cells caused by YggG294. These results indicate that YggG294 can not hydrolyze Era protein in E.coli cells, and that YggG-Era interaction is not associated with the death of bacteria expressed YggG294. It is thus reasonable to draw a conclusion that Era is not associated with the growth inhibition of E.coli cells caused by YggG294. YggG294 inhibits the growth of bacteria by other way.

OBJECTIVE: To identify possible clinical predictors of intermittent oro-esophageal (OE) tube feeding success, and evaluate the clinical factors associated with OE tube treatment. METHODS: A total of 135 dysphagic patients were reviewed, who received OE tube treatment and were hospitalized in the department of rehabilitation medicine between January 2005 and December 2014. The 76 eligible cases enrolled were divided into two groups, based on the OE tube training success. Clinical factors assessed included age, cause of brain lesion, gag reflex, cognitive function and reasons for OE tube training failure. RESULTS: Of the 76 cases enrolled, 56 study patients were assigned to the success group, with the remaining 20 in the failure group. There were significant differences between these two groups in terms of age, gag reflex, ability to follow commands, and the score of Korean version of Mini-Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE). Location of the brain lesion showed a borderline significance. Multivariable analysis using logistic regression revealed that age, cause of brain lesion, gag reflex, and K-MMSE were the main predictors of OE tube training success. CONCLUSION: A younger age, impaired gag reflex and higher cognitive function (specifically a K-MMSE score ≥19.5) are associated with an increased probability of OE tube training success in dysphagic patients.
Brain Injuries* ; Brain* ; Cognition ; Deglutition Disorders* ; Enteral Nutrition* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Reflex ; Rehabilitation

Objective: To evaluate the effects of dietary behaviors on the risk of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Methods: A total of 12 208 subjects aged 18-60 years old were investigated by questionnaires to collect demographic data, dietary behaviors and lifestyle information, when they did health examination in a tertiary hospital in Beijing from 2014 to 2019. During the observation period of five year, the incidence of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases were collected through health examination files every year. The multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze the associations of dietary behaviors with hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Results: The study included 6 218 ( 50.93% ) males and 5 990 ( 49.07% ) females. The cumulative incidence rates of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases were 7.75%, 2.72% and 3.49%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the high-sodium diet ( OR=1.422, 95%CI: 1.191-1.697 ) , eating fast ( OR=1.457, 95%CI: 1.102-1.974 ), eating more refined grain ( OR=1.251, 95%CI: 1.050-1.490 ) and drinking milk less than once a week ( OR=1.316, 95%CI: 1.022-1.697 ) were risk factors for hypertension. The high-sodium diet ( OR=1.344, 95%CI: 1.048-1.725 ), eating fast ( OR=1.733, 95%CI: 1.046-2.871 ), eating more meat ( OR=1.651,95%CI: 1.263-2.158 ) were risk factors for diabetes. High-sodium diet ( OR=1.501, 95%CI: 1.192-1.889 ) was risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Conclusion The diet with high sodium, more meat and refined grain as well as eating fast can increase the risk of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous catheter drainage in treatment of the lung abscess. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We treated the lung abscesses in 14 patients(12 men, 2 women), who did not respond to medical therapy, by percutaneous catheter drainage under fiuoroscopic or ultrasound guidance. One abscess due to infacted bulla was managed by combination treatment with alcohol sclerosing therapy. Patients were followed by serial chest radiographs every three days and the amount of drained or aspirated pus evaluated. The treatment effect and recurrence were followed by chest PA and lateral chest at one week after removal of drainage catheter. RESULTS: Thirteen patients(93%) recovered clinically and radiologically within 3 days. In 10 patients, drainage catheter could be removed within 2 weeks, and three patients, the catheter was keept longer. Most complications were mild ;vague to moderate chest pain(n=14), mild hemoptysis(n=2), and pneumothorax(n=I). One man who suffered from far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis died of asphyxia caused by massive hemoptysis 16 days after percutaneous drainage. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous catheter drainage is a safe and effective method for treating lung abscess.
Abscess ; Asphyxia ; Catheters* ; Drainage* ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Lung Abscess* ; Lung* ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Recurrence ; Suppuration ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous catheter drainage in treatment of the lung abscess. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We treated the lung abscesses in 14 patients(12 men, 2 women), who did not respond to medical therapy, by percutaneous catheter drainage under fiuoroscopic or ultrasound guidance. One abscess due to infacted bulla was managed by combination treatment with alcohol sclerosing therapy. Patients were followed by serial chest radiographs every three days and the amount of drained or aspirated pus evaluated. The treatment effect and recurrence were followed by chest PA and lateral chest at one week after removal of drainage catheter. RESULTS: Thirteen patients(93%) recovered clinically and radiologically within 3 days. In 10 patients, drainage catheter could be removed within 2 weeks, and three patients, the catheter was keept longer. Most complications were mild ;vague to moderate chest pain(n=14), mild hemoptysis(n=2), and pneumothorax(n=I). One man who suffered from far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis died of asphyxia caused by massive hemoptysis 16 days after percutaneous drainage. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous catheter drainage is a safe and effective method for treating lung abscess.
Abscess ; Asphyxia ; Catheters* ; Drainage* ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Lung Abscess* ; Lung* ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Recurrence ; Suppuration ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Conventional contrast dacryocystography(C-DCG) has been used mainly for anatomical assessment of the lacrimal drainage apparatus, due to its limited information on the dynamics of the lacrimal system, and thus correlation role in epiphora. The purpose of study was to improve the diagnostic value in epiphora by utilizing RI dacryocystography(RI-DCG) with quantitative criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patient for RI dacryocystography set erect with the head fixed in front of gamma camera fitted with a standard 6 mm pinhole collimater. Both eyes of 85 patients(170 eyes) were scanned with 99rnTc-pertechnetate followed by conventional dacryocystography. The data from gamma camera were recorded simultaneously on a computer system for subsequent quantitative analysis. RESULTS: In 94 of 96 eyes without epiphora, RI-DCG was correlated with normal C-DCG and % of emptying was at least over 50%. In 58 of 74 eyes with epiphora, RI-DCG was correlated with abnormal C-DCG and % of emptying was at most below 50%. In 16 eyes with functional block, quantitative RI-DCG showed abnormal % of emptying. CONCLUSION: Nuclear DCG with quantitation had higher diagnostic yield in functional block and correlated higher with epiphora. Thus nuclear DCG with quantitation would be a valuable functional test after postprocedures such as dacryocystoplasty.
Computer Systems ; Drainage ; Gamma Cameras ; Head ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases* ; Radionuclide Imaging*

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare laparoscopic surgery with laparotomy for surgical management of ovarian dermoid cysts. METHODS: One hundred and fifteen patients were managed with laparoscopy and eighty two patients were managed with laparotomy. Two groups were compaired for age, marrital status, parity, tumor size, operation type, previous surgery, operating time, blood loss, pre-, and postoperative hemoglobin change, hospital stay, complications and recurrences. RESULTS: Unilateral slapingo-oophorectomy was the most common type of operation in either group. Between twenty one and thirty was the most common age in either group and para 0 in laparoscopy and para 2 in laparotomy group was the most common. Unilateral ovarian cystectomy was significantly more common for para 0 in laparoscopy group (p=0.035). Number of singles were significantly higher in laparoscopy group (p=0.046). Tumor size was significantly larger in laparotomy group (6.1 vs 7.8 cm). Operating time was shorter for unilateral ovarian cystectomy in laparoscopy group. Blood loss, pre-, and postoperative hemoglobin change, hospital stay was significantly less in laparoscopy group. Febrile morbidity was higher in laparotomy group (p<0.001). However no major complications were noted in either group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that operative laparoscopy has many advantages in the management of ovarian dermoid cysts. However tumor size was a relative limitations for laparoscopy compaired with laparotomy.
Cystectomy ; Dermoid Cyst* ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy* ; Laparotomy* ; Length of Stay ; Parity ; Recurrence

The authors found that the fourth author's affiliation had been inadvertently omitted.