Purpose: This study analyzed news titles related to nurses in Korea before and after the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic, and aimed to identify the implications of media reports. Methods: Data from January 2019 to December 2020 were collected from BIGKINDS regarding Korean nurses. Text mining and CONCOR analysis were conducted on the top 30 keywords using TEXTOM and Ucinet 6. Results: From the findings of this study, keywords were related to Taewom and Newborn death in 2019. Additionally, because of COVID-19 and the controversy over the encouragement of President Moon Jae-in, Taewom was included in 2020. Using CONCOR analysis, 6 clusters (characteristics and results of major incidents, the issue related target, Newborn abuse, Taewom, drugs, nursing education) were generated in 2019, and 6 clusters (emergency room, hero, controversy, Taewom, COVID-19, hospital infection) were generated in 2020. Conclusion Before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the news headlines of nurses consisted of negative keywords, while there were few positive news headlines. In order to improve the image of nurses, it is necessary to continuously analyze media trends and establish strategies accordingly.

"Background: In using the Double-lumen tube (DLT), knowing the minimum bronchial cuff volume (MCV) for an effective air-tight seal will be useful; to provide a collapse of the lung; and to avoid pressure damage. The aims of the present study are thus three-fold: to measure the MCV; to measure the diameter of left main bronchus (LMBD); and to prove any relationships between two parameters. METHODS: One hundred men and forty women who needed intubation of left-sided DLT were enrolled in this study. 37 Fr DLTs were used in male patients, and 35 Fr DLTs were used in female patients. We evaluated the MCV by air bubble method and measured the LMBD in chest PA. We also evaluated the pressure/volume characteristics of the bronchial cuffs by control inflator. RESULTS: 29 patients of 100 patients (29%) exhibited persistent air leakage in 2.5 ml cuff volume in male patients (group of MCV >2.5). On the contrary, 18 patients of 40 patients (45%) did not require any cuff volume in female patients (group of MCV 0). The mean LMBD were 13.23 1.45 mm in male and 11.09 0.96 mm in female. There were significant positive correlations between MCV and LMBD in both sex and their respective correlation coefficients were 0.264 (P=0.008) in male and 0.484 (P=0.002) in female. The equations of linear regression were: LMBD = 12.394 0.429xMCV in male, LMBD = 10.725 0.438xMCV in female. CONCLUSIONS: The MCV of the brochial cuffs in left-sided DLTs has significant relationships with the LMBD measured in chest PA.
Bronchi ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation ; Linear Models ; Lung ; Male ; Thorax

Purpose: Liver transplantation (LT) is now considered as a standard treatment modality for patients with end-stage liver disease. The number of patients waiting for liver graft is continuosly increasing as there is a shortage of brain-dead donors, living donor liver transplantation has been regarded as an alternative. Furthermore, China where donors are more readily available is quickly growing as a place to travel for transplantation. Methods: Twenty-eight patients who were on follow up after LT in China were enrolled. Pre-transplantation state of donors and recipients, surgical problems at the time of arrival, and complications that were detected on follow up were evaluated and analyzed. Results: All patients did not have the information of donors and knowledge of their transplanted state. All patients were received conventional deceased donor LT and the type of duct anastomosis was duct to duct technique. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence was detected in two patients, various prophylaxes were used, and inappropriate modalities were detected. Biliary complications occurred in 6 patients, who were treated with percutanous or endoscopic method. There were 5 patients mortalities: 3 patient-hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence, 1- post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease, 1-cardiac arrhythmia after retransplantation. Conclusion: The shortage of deceased donor resulted in more and more travel to China for liver transplantation. However, we have problems to solve: lack of donor information, insufficient techniques of transplantation, inappropriate post-transplantation care, and lack of education for immunosuppression and prophylaxis of HBV recurrence. In addition, the efforts to increase donations should be continued.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; China* ; Education ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Living Donors ; Mortality ; Recurrence ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is an uncommon, life-threatening infection of the subcutaneous tissue and superficial fascia. The clinical course of NF is rapid and progressive, and it is often fatal despite the appropriate therapy. The prognosis of NF depends on a timely diagnosis and then proper treatment. At onset it may not be possible to clearly distinguish NF from minor soft-tissue infections. Although infection are common due to the use of steroids and immunosuppressive agents in patients with systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), it is interesting that NF has rarely been reported with SLE. Here, we present two cases of NF with SLE.
Fasciitis, Necrotizing ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Prognosis ; Steroids ; Subcutaneous Tissue

To analyze the developmental changes in soma diameters of digastric motoneurons, wheat-germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) was injected into the digastric muscle and visualized the retrogradely HRP-labeled motoneurons through tungstate/tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and following diaminobenzidine (DAB) reactions. The results obtained from Sprague-Dawley rats at postnatal days 1 (P1), 10 (P10) and 30 (P30) indicated as follows: firstly, soma diameters of digastric motoneurons showed unimodal distribution in all postnatal days examined; secondly, the period of P1 to P10 (period 1) showed about 2 times faster growth rate than that of P10 to P30 (period 2); thirdly, the smallest soma examined in each postnatal day exhibited slower growth rate with that of the largest one (increase ratio in soma diameters from P1 to P30, smallest vs. largest =1.62 : 1.93); Finally, relative growth rates a day showed again that period 1 had faster growth rate than that of period 2. Consequently, developmental changes in soma diameters of digastric motoneurons resulted in very different growth rates between both periods. This implies that the growth of the soma is almost completing within P10 and thereafter growing slowly. The period 1 and 2 are corresponding to sucking and sucking/masticatory period, respectively. Therefore present study providing morphological changes in soma diameters of digastric motoneurons suggests that both periods and their different growth rates of the motoneurons in each period may closely be related with each other.
Animals ; Carisoprodol* ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

We found an error in our published article. Author name should be corrected.

Purpose: The current status and rationale of industrial accidents needs to be examined to develop scientific and systemic preventive measures. Methods: The aim of this study is to analyze the current data on industrial accidents provided by the Ministry of Employment and Labor and categorize work-related deaths by types of industries and annual report. Results: First, the highest number of deaths occurred in industries that had less than 50 people. Second, in the manufacturing industry, the highest death rate was found in workers in the age group 50-59 years. In the construction industry, workers aged 50 and above had the highest number of deaths. In other industries, workers aged 60 and above had the highest number of deaths. Third, the highest number of deaths occurred in workers with less than one year of experience in any industry Fourth, in most industries, the highest work-related deaths occurred during weekdays (Monday~Friday). In 2015, the warehouse delivery industry had 33% higher work-related deaths on the weekends (Saturday and Sunday) as compared to other industries. Fifth, in most industries, the highest work-related deaths occurred from 8 AM to 6 PM. The warehouse delivery industry had higher work-related deaths from 10 PM to 8 AM as compared to other industries. Conclusion In order to increase the efficacy of industrial accident prevention, it is necessary to establish an effective health management system and apply strict safety management activities.

Aspergillus species are primarily pulmonary pathogens but can involve extra-pulmonary organs by angioinvasive properties. Isolated renal aspergillosis is extremely rare even among the immunocompromised patients. Recently, we experienced a case of isolated renal aspergillosis presenting gross hematuria and renal mass-like lesion in a patient with acute myelocytic leukemia, who was treated with systemic amphotericin B and oral itraconazole after nephrectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of isolated renal aspergillosis in a patient with acute leukemia receiving chemotherapy. Here, we report this case with a review of literature.
Amphotericin B ; Aspergillosis* ; Aspergillus ; Drug Therapy ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Itraconazole ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Nephrectomy

Haemophilus aphrophilus, a fastidious, gram-negative oropharyngeal species grouped as a HACEK organism, is a rare cause of infective endocarditis. Three cases of endocarditis with Haemophilus aphrophilus were reported in Korea, and all of them required valve replacement surgery. We describe a case of native valve infective endocarditis with cerebral embolism and infarction caused by Haemophilus aphrophilus in a 61-year-old woman who was successfully treated with antibiotic therapy for 6 weeks without valve replacement surgery.
Embolism ; Endocarditis ; Female ; Haemophilus ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intracranial Embolism ; Korea ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUND: Vancomycin is the drug of choice for the treatment of infections caused by methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). However, vancomycin monotherapy of deep-seated staphylococcal infection may be associated with poor bacteriological response. Limited data suggest that vancomycin- gentamicin combination therapy is effective against MRSA. In this study, we evaluated the vancomycin- gentamicin synergism against MRSA and also investigated whether gentamicin susceptibility may affect the synergism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 51 strains of MRSA were obtained from patients at the Asan Medical Center from 1995 to 1996. The minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of gentamicin were determined by the agar dilution method. The 25 strains with various levels of gentamicin MICs were chosen for time-kill studies. The MICs and minimal bactericidal concentrations(MBCs) of vancomycin were defined to determine vancomycin tolerance. Time-kill curves were established with vancomycin, gentamicin, and a combination of both. RESULTS: Gentamicin MICs ranged from 4 to 512microgram/mL. Only 7 of the 51 strains were gentamicin-susceptible and 44 were resistant. All of the 25 strains chosen were susceptible to vancomycin, but 16 of them showed tolerance. Vancomycin-gentamicin synergism was demonstrated in 5 of the 18 strains, in which the analysis of drug interaction was possible. In the remaining 13 strains, vancomycin and gentamicin interacted in a nonsynergistic manner. In all strains that showed synergism, the MICs of gentamicin were below 32microgram/mL. No synergism was demonstrated in strains with gentamicin MICs above 64microgram/mL. CONCLUSIONS: Although most of MRSA strains are resistant to gentamicin, synergistic interaction between vancomycin and gentamicin may be expected when the MIC of gentamicin is below 32 microgram/mL.
Agar ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Drug Interactions ; Gentamicins* ; Humans ; Methicillin Resistance* ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcal Infections ; Staphylococcus ; Vancomycin