Objective To depict the characteristics of the flow shape and distribution of superficial lymphadenophathy and to clarify the effiency of color Doppler flow imaging and power Doppler sonography in the differential diagnosis.Methods Prospectively,81 cases with 95 lesions were observed and clarified as four vascular patterns by sonography and were correlated with the histopathological or clinical diagnosis.The four vascular patterns were as follows: type Ⅰ shows central hilar vascularity with radial symmetric branches; type Ⅱ shows eccentric hilar vascularity with deformed radial branches; type Ⅲ shows subcapsular vessels(Ⅲa),mixed vessels(Ⅲb),or multifocal hilar vasculature(Ⅲc); type Ⅳ shows spotted or peripheral flow signals.Results The majority ( 85.0% ) of the benign reactive nodes revealed a vascular pattern of type Ⅰ,while a few ( 10.0% ) showed that of type Ⅱ.The most( 97.8% ) of lymphoma showed the patterns of type Ⅱ( 33.3% ) and type Ⅲ( 64.5% , and Ⅲa 28.9% ,Ⅲb 22.2% ,Ⅲb 13.4% ,respectively).The vascular patterns of metastatic lymphadenopathies were of type Ⅳ( 66.7% ) and type Ⅲb(26.7%).The lymphoma which revealed a vascular pattern of type Ⅱ were mostly of high grade differentiation in pathological results.The differrent vascular types of metastatic nodes has no correlation with its histologic source.Conclusions Color Doppler sonography is a valuable method for aid in the differential diagnosis of superficial lymphadenophathy by using findings of intranodal vascularity.

Objective:To identify potential risk factors of suicide among schizophrenic inpatients,in order to provide basis of how to prevent suicide in psychiatric inpatients.Method:A retrospective analysis among inpatients with mental disorders in Guangzhou psychiatric hospital from 1956 to 2005,the first psychiatric hospital,in China.Using a case-control design,sixty four schizophrenic inpatients(suicide group) who committed suicide in psychiatric hospital and the same number of randomly selected control subjects(control group) who had no incident of suicide were selected and their psychiatric records were compared.Results:The rate of suicide was 133.1(95% CI 103.4-62.9) per 100 000 admissions.Sixty four cases(83.1%) were diagnosed as schizophrenia,fifty nine(76.6%) were hung by themselves,and fifty two(67.5%) happened in wards.The numbers of hospitalization and the suicide attempts before and duration of hospitalization were significantly higher in suicide group than that in control group(P=0.001,0.017,0.003),and guilty thoughts,depressive mood were significantly higher in suicide group than that in control group(P=0.006,0.004).Both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts one month before and during hospitalization were significantly higher in suicide group than that in control group(P

Objective To provide a strategy for open heart surgical procedures of reducing allogeneic transfusion in the perioperative periods.Methods A comprehensive blood conservation program and new transfusion criteria[haemoglobin(Hb)were0.05).The Hct was down after operation in both groups.In the test group the Hct decreased in to 30% at day7 postoperation and regained gradually after 14 days of operation.Conclusion The dininishing allogeneic transfusion can be achieved by application of comprehensive blood conservation techniques and new transfusion criterion during the perioperative periods of open heart surgical procedures.The operative curative effect is not influence thereby.

Objective To detect stunned myocardium using low-dose dobutamine stress (DBS)combined with two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI),and to evaluate the difference and characteristics of mechanical parameters in different conditions between stunned myocardium and adjacent normal myocardium.Methods The acute myocardium ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of anterior wall of left ventricle(LV) was induced with 60 minutes ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD),and with reperfusion of 120 minutes in 10 open-chest beagle dogs.Dobutamine was administered continuously via vein with two different dose of 5 μg · kg-1 · min-1 and 10 μg · kg-1 · min-1.At baseline,post ischemia/reperfusion,after the first DBS and the second,the gray-scale dynamic images of three cardiac cycle of left ventricular short axis at the levels of mitral annulus,papillary muscle and apex were acquired.The systolic peak of circumferential strain (CS),radial displacement (RD) of eighteen segments of subendocardium and subepicardium were analyzed by Speckle tracking workstation.LV end-systolic dimension(LVIDS),LV end-diastolic dimension (LVIDD),LV eject fraction (LVEF),heart rate (HR),aortic valve forward flow velocity time integral(AV-VTI) were also measured.Results ①There was no statistical significance (P ＞0.05) under the conditions of baseline,post I/R,the first DBS and the second for LVIDD,LVIDS,LVEF,HR and AV-VTI.②Compared with baseline,the peak systolic subendocardium and subepicardium CS,RD decreased significantly at the apex and middle of short-axis anterior wall of LV under the conditions of post I/R;The parameters of the first DBS was significantly increased compared with the I/R (P ＜ 0.05) ; There was no difference between the two DBS and baseline(P ＞0.05).The peak systolic subendocardium and subepicardium CS,RD at the bottom segment of LV were no statistical significance under the four conditions.③There was no difference for anterolateral wall and anterior septum of LV at the level of papillary muscle under the four conditions.Conclusions ①Low-dose DBS combined with two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging can detect stunned myocardium accurately.② After the occurrence stunning myoeardium,the peak systolic subendocardium RD decreased slightly,subepicardium RD was normal,the subendocardium CS of the surrounding myocardium was still normal,and the peak systolic subepicardium CS decreased to some degree.

Objective To study the clinical value of VACORA vacuum-assisted rotation system in the treatment of benign breast lesions. Methods Under the screening of dynamic ultrasound,122 beast lesions in 93 patients diagnosed as benign lesions from ultrasound were treated with VACORA vacuum-assisted rotation system,and all the patients were examined for follow-up. Results All the lesions were totally rotated and 119 lesions demonstrated to be benign and 3 lesions were atypical hyperplasia from pathologic examination. In the benign lesions, 72 cases were demonstrated to be fibroadenoma, 39 cases were demonstrated to be fibrosis adenosis,4 cases were intraductal papilloma,2 cases were duct inflammation, 1 case was epithelial hyperplasia of the duct and 1 case was lymphode. In 8 cases,bleeding was seen along the needle tract,which was stopped after compression. Small hematoma was formed in 10 patients in the second day of follow-up, which was disappeared in the 3 to 6 months of the follow-up. And all patients had no remnant lesions in the local area and the incisions were not clear in the skin 3 to 6 months of the follow-up. Hypoechoic focuses were detected out at the original location in the 3 benign cases, which were possibly residual focuses. Conclusions Benign breast lesions could be clearly resected with VACORA rotation system under the screening of ultrasound, which is safe, minimal invasive, prosthetic, and has little complications.

Objective:To study the influence of morphine on the expression of synaptophysin(SYN)and synapse structure in mice hippocampus,so as to provide pathological evidence for studying the development and treatment of chronic morphine intoxication, addiction and abstinence symptoms of morphine.Methods:Twenty mice were evenly randomized into control group and experiment group.Mice in control group were injected with normal saline(0.1 ml daily)and those in experimental group were injected with morphine(0.1 ml,1 mg daily).Thirty days later the mice in 2 groups were killed and their brain tissues were harvested and made into slices,stained with immunohistochemical techniques(SP)and photographed under the light microscope.The images were analyzed with the image analytical system and the data were statistically analyzed.Results:In the control group,positive staining of SYN was found in the entorhinal area,subiculum,stratum plextiforme,polymorphic layer of gyrus dentatus,stratum oriens,and stratum radiatum of hippocampus;weak positive staining of SYN was noticed in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare of hippocampus;positive staining of SYN was also found the membrane of pyramidal cells and granule cells,with the mean gray scale value of the hippocampal structure being 132.84?8.67.Positively stained neurons was also found in the entorhinal area and the subiculum,with a intensity of(7.80?1.03)/ mm~2.In the experiment group,the suhiculum and polymorphic layers of gyrus dentatus were positively stained for SYN;the entorhinal area,stratum oriens,stratum radiatum and stratum lacunosum-moleculare of hippocampus were strongly positive of SYN;the membrane of pyramidal cells and granule ceils were also strongly positive of SYN,with the mean gray scale value of the hippocampal structure being 116.27?5.70.Strongly stained neurons were also found in the entorhinal area and the subiculum,with the intensity being(11.90?1.45)/mm~2.The number of SYN positive neurons and the intensity of SYN in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group(P

Adult ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymph Nodes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; pathology ; Pseudolymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology

Problem-based learning(PBL)brought many changes in the teaching model of medical education.This article explored the clinical application of PBL combined with picture archiving communicate system(PACS)in medical imaging education.Through comparing the results before and after periodic study,PBL was verified to motivate the students'learning interest.Enthusiasm of autonomic learning and problem analysis ability of students increased evidently,which provided a substantial basis for continued learning.

Objective To evaluate the effects of nerve growth factor-beta (NGF-β) pretreatment on cell apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress during ischemia-reperfusion in isolated rat hearts.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-220 g,were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10％ chloral hydrate 300 mg/kg.The hearts were excised and perfused in a Langendorff apparatus with K-H solution aerated with 95％ O2 and 5％ CO2 at 37 ℃.Thirty-two isolated rat hearts were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),I/R group,NGF-β pretreatment group (group N) and NGF-β combined with K252a (trkA receptor antagonist) pretreatment group (group N + K).In group C,the hearts were continuously perfused with K-H solution for 195 min.The hearts were perfused with K-H solution for 45 min in group I/R.In N and N + K groups,the hearts were perfused with K-H solution for 15 min,and then with K-H solution containing 0.1 μg/ml NGF-β and 0.1 μg/ml NGF-β mixed with 100 nmol/L K252a,respectively,for 30 min.The perfusion was suspended for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion with K-H solution in I/R,N and N + K groups.HR,left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP),left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and + dp/dtmax were measured at the end of 15 min equilibration (baseline) and at 5,30,60 and 120 min of reperfusion.Myocardial specimens were obtained at 120 min of reperfusion for detection of myocardial apoptosis (by TUNEL) and expression of glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78),CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP),and caspase-12 (by Western blot analysis).Apoptosis index was calculated.Results Compared with group C,HR,LVDP and + dp/dtmax were significantly decreased,and LVEDP,apoptosis index and expression of GRP78 and CHOP were increased in I/R and N groups,and the expression of caspase-12 was upregulated in I/R group.Compared with group I/R,HR,LVDP,and + dp/dtmax were significantly increased,and LVEDP,apoptosis index and expression of GRP78,CHOP and caspase-12 were decreased in group N,and the expression of GRP78 was down-regulated in group N + K.There was no significant difference in cardiac function indexes between group I/R and N + K.Compared with group N,HR,LVDP and + dp/dtmax were significantly decreased,and LVEDP,apoptosis index,and expression of GRP78,CHOP and caspase-12 were increased in group N + K.Conclusion NGF-β pretreatment can protect the isolated rat hearts against ischemia-reperfusion injury,and inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum stress-triggered cell apoptosis after activating trkA receptors is involved in the mechanism.

Objective To evaluate the role of 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway in nerve growth factor-beta (NGF-β)-produced mitigation of cell apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress during hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) in rat cardiomyocytes.Methods H9c2 cells were seeded in 96-well plates at a density of 5× 105 cells/ml (100 μl/well).The wells were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =15 each) using a random number table: control group (group C);group H/R;NGF-β group (group N);NGF-β+NGF receptor trkA antagonist K252a group (group N+K);NGF-β+ PI3K inhibitor LY294002 group (group N+L).The cells were exposed to 95％ N2-5％ CO2 for 4 h in an anaerobic incubator, followed by reoxygenation in a standard incubator for 4 h in H/R, N, N+K and N+L groups.In addition, the cells in N, N + K and N + L groups were incubated in a standard incubator containing NGF-β, the mixture of NGF-β and K252a and the mixture of NGF-β and LY294002, respectively, during reoxygenation, and the final concentrations of NGF-β , K252a and LY294002 were 50 ng/ml, 100 nmol/L and 50 μmol/L, respectively.The cell viability was detected by using CCK-8 assay, and the cell survival rate was calculated.The cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry, and apoptosis rate was calculated.The expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), caspase-12, Akt and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) was detected by Western blot.The ratio of p-Akt to Akt was calculated.Results Compared with group C, the cell survival rate was significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate was increased in H/R and N groups, and the expression of GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12 was significantly up-regulated in group H/R, and p-Akt/Akt was significantly increased in group N (P＜0.05).Compared with group H/R, the cell survival rate was significantly increased, the apoptosis rate was decreased, the expression of GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12 was up-regulated, and p-Akt/Akt was increased in group N (P＜0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in N+K and N+L groups (P＞0.05).Compared with group N, the cell survival rate was significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate was increased, the expression of GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12 was up-regulated, and p-Akt/Akt was decreased in N+K and N+L groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion NGF-β can mitigate the cell apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress during H/R, and activation of PI3K signaling pathway is involved in the mechanism.