No abstract available.
Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome*

This study was conducted to investigate food and meal preference of workers (435 male and 212 female) in the Chonnam Yeosu industrial area. The results of the survey were analyzed by principal components analysis. The results were obtained as follows: 19.3% of the subjects were twenties, 28.3% were thirties, 28.8% were forties and 23.7% were fifties. Females liked rice rolled in dried laver, rice cakes, janchi-noodle and breads, on the other hand males liked thick beef soup, loach soup, an eel stew and soju. The young liked instant noodles, fried chicken, sweet and sour pork, pork cutlet, pizza, hamburger, ham, sausage and fruit beverage, on the other hand the old liked a fish pot stew, loach soup, eel stew, fish boiled in soy with spices, panfried fish, sea slug, ascidian, bunder, green laver and boiled burdock-lotus root in soy. Females who are young liked hamburger and sweet and sour pork whereas males who are young liked instant noodles, pork cutlet, ham, sausage and fruit beverage. Aged females liked fish boiled in soy with spices, panfried fish, bunder, green laver, boiled burdock-lotus root in soy whereas aged males liked a fish pot stew, loach soup, eel stew, sea mussel and oysters. Boiled rice was located within the middle irrespective of age and sex, but noodles, wheat flour meal, fast foods and fruits were situated at the young female side. Aged males liked soup and pot stew. Young males liked meats and eggs whereas fish and shellfish and kimch were located at the aged people side. Aged females liked sea weeds and most people disliked vegetables but females liked some vegetables irrespective of age. Processed foods, salted foods, and alcohol were generally disliked foods by subjects but males liked those foods. Soybean curd was liked more males than females, and teas, except coffee, was liked by males.
Aged ; Beverages ; Bivalvia ; Bread ; Chickens ; Coffee ; Eels ; Eggs ; Fast Foods ; Female ; Flour ; Fruit ; Gastropoda ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Meals ; Meat ; Ostreidae ; Ovum ; Shellfish ; Soybeans ; Spices ; Tea ; Triticum ; Urochordata ; Vegetables

PURPOSE: We evaluated clinical results and incidence of exposures of orbital implants according to operative methods (enucleation or evisceration) and types of orbital implants. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 222 patients who underwent hydroxy apatite or Medpor(R) implantation after enucleation or evisceration and were followed up for more than 3 months from July, 1992 to November, 2001 at department of ophthalmology, Busan Paik hospital. RESULTS: In 222 eyes of 222 patients, who underwent hydroxyapatite and Medpor(R) implantaion, the exposure of implants occurred in 21 eyes (9.5%). In these cases, the exposure of implants occurred in 16 (12.8%) of 125 eyes with hydroxyapatite implantation and 5 (5.2%) of 97 eyes with Medpor(R) implantation. The exposure of implants occurred in 6 (7.1%) of 84 eyes after enucleation and in 15(10.8%) of 138 eyes after evisceration. The exposure of implants occurred in 12 (12.2%) of 98 eyes that used standard evisceration and in 3 (7.5%) of 40 eyes that used modified evisceration. CONCLUSIONS: The exposure of Medpor(R) implants was less than that of hydroxyapatite implants. But, it was influenced by types of orbital implants as well as operator and operative skill. There are few differences of exposure rate between the modified evisceration and enucleation.
Busan ; Durapatite ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Ophthalmology ; Orbit* ; Orbital Implants* ; Retrospective Studies

We treated a case of extramammary Paget's disease that affected the scalp of a 45-year-old female. It is extremely rare that the disease arises in areas other than the anogenital region and the axillae. The lesion was a round erythematous oozing crusted hairless patch. Histopathologically, many pagetoid cells were found within the epidermis and dermis. The cytoplasms of these cells stained with alcian blue at pH 2.5, CEA, EMA and low-molecular-weight-cytokeratin. The patient underwent a wide local excision. We used a mapping technique to reveal the distribution of microscopically involved lesions.
Alcian Blue ; Axilla ; Cytoplasm ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Middle Aged ; Paget Disease, Extramammary* ; Scalp*

Objective: There are reports that cognitive training improves cognitive performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the research on the effects of cognitive training in the community-dwelling elderly is insufficient. This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of cognitive training in the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: The participants were community-dwelling elderly aged 60 years or over. We collected demographic data and assessed Korean Version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K), The Short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Korean (SGDS-K), and Geriatric Quality of Life-Dementia (GQOL-D). Cognitive training consisted of performing tasks for multi-cognitive domains. It was a paper- and group-based program, conducted 15 sessions each 60 minute. After the intervention, clinical characteristics were reassessed. Paired t-test, pearson correlation, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed using R version 3.6.1. Results: There were 206 participants. 162 participants completed the intervention, and were eligible for analyses. After the cognitive intervention, MoCA-K was improved 2.10±0.61 which was statistically significant (p<0.001). SGDS-K was decreased 0.57± 0.46 (p=0.003). GQOL-D was increased 1.65±1.64 (p=0.048). ANCOVA showed that the score change in MoCA-K was not in-fluenced by baseline SGDS-K or baseline GQOL-D score. Conclusion Group-and paper-based cognitive training could improve MoCA-K, SGDS-K, and GQOL-D for the communitydwelling elderly. Baseline SGDS-K and GQOL-D scores were not associated with cognitive training effects in the community-dwelling elderly.

Objective: There are reports that cognitive training improves cognitive performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the research on the effects of cognitive training in the community-dwelling elderly is insufficient. This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of cognitive training in the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: The participants were community-dwelling elderly aged 60 years or over. We collected demographic data and assessed Korean Version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K), The Short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Korean (SGDS-K), and Geriatric Quality of Life-Dementia (GQOL-D). Cognitive training consisted of performing tasks for multi-cognitive domains. It was a paper- and group-based program, conducted 15 sessions each 60 minute. After the intervention, clinical characteristics were reassessed. Paired t-test, pearson correlation, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed using R version 3.6.1. Results: There were 206 participants. 162 participants completed the intervention, and were eligible for analyses. After the cognitive intervention, MoCA-K was improved 2.10±0.61 which was statistically significant (p<0.001). SGDS-K was decreased 0.57± 0.46 (p=0.003). GQOL-D was increased 1.65±1.64 (p=0.048). ANCOVA showed that the score change in MoCA-K was not in-fluenced by baseline SGDS-K or baseline GQOL-D score. Conclusion Group-and paper-based cognitive training could improve MoCA-K, SGDS-K, and GQOL-D for the communitydwelling elderly. Baseline SGDS-K and GQOL-D scores were not associated with cognitive training effects in the community-dwelling elderly.

In order to evaluate psychiatric symptoms in survivors of the Sampoong accident, we interviewed 624 survivors of the accident. The most common complaint of the subjects was sleep disturbance(54.2%). And then, headache(31.8%), irritability and anger(23.3%), intense distress over reminders(24.2%) followed. Common somatic complaints were headache, chest discomfort, extremity pain, backache, and gastrointestinal discomfort. This study revealed that most of the subjects had various psychiatric symptoms after the Sampoong accident.
Back Pain ; Extremities ; Headache ; Humans ; Survivors* ; Thorax

Laryngoscopy and intubation cause an adrenergic response manifested by tachycardia and hypertension. Various phamacological agents have been administered prior to induction in an attempt to attenuate the adrenergic response but they all have limitations. The objective of our study was to determine if esmolol would be equally effective when adrninistered in a bolus with and without fentanyl. A double-blind, randomized trial was conducted in sixty ASA physical status 1 patients undergoing elective surgery. All patients were premedicated with 0.2 mg/kg diazepam orally and glycopyrrolate 0.04 mg/kg intramuseularyly 1 hour beforehand. Induction of anesthesia was accomplished with 4 mg/kg thiopental intravenously foUowed immediately by 0.15-0.2 mg/kg vecuronium and study drug (placebo, esmolol 150 mg, esmolol 150 mg and fentanyl 100 mcg). Endotracheal intubation was performed at 2 minutes after study drug adrninistration. Anesthesia was maintained with 1 MAC (+/-10%) isoflurane in 60% nitrous oxide in oxygen at a 5 L/min flow for 6 minutes. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured every minute by an automatic recording device. After laryngoscopy and intubation, maximum increase in stolic blood pressure above awake levels was 33 mmHg (p<0.05) and 14 mmHg (p<0.05) in esmolol 150 mg, esmolol 150 mg with fentanyl 100 mcg respectively, whereas systolic blood pressure increased 62 mmHg after tracheal intubation in patients with placebo. In six patients with esmolol 150 mg, rate-pressure product reached a level considered potentially dangerous to patients with coronary artery disease. However, when used with fentanyl, esmolol provides effectvie protection against the adrenergic response and increase of the rate-pressure product to laryngoscopy and intubation.
Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure* ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Diazepam ; Fentanyl* ; Glycopyrrolate ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Isoflurane ; Laryngoscopy ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Tachycardia ; Thiopental ; Vecuronium Bromide

BACKGROUND: Some researchers have tried to use Tc-99m MIBI (2-methoxyisobutyl isonitril) scintigraphy to evaluate breast-cancer patients. Early reports revealed that Tc-99m MIBI breast scintigraphy was useful in distinguishing malignancies from benign masses in patients for whom mammographic evaluations were difficult. Further studies suggested that functional imaging with Tc-99m MIBI in breast cancer seemed to be correlated with the levels of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression and angiogenesis in cancer tissues. For that reason, we evaluated whether significant relationship actually existed between the pattern of Tc-99m MIBI uptake in tumor tissue and tumoric factors including Pgp expression and angiogenesis. METHODS: Thirty-one untreated breast-cancer patients (later pathologically proved to have had invasive ductal carcinomas) were prospectively studied by using both Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy on and immunohistochemical analyses of angiogenesis and Pgp expression in sugically removed tumor tissues. Both lateral and anterior planar images were obtained at 10 minutes and 3 hours after intravenous injection of 740 MBq Tc-99m MIBI. The tumor-to-normal breast ratio (T/N) and the washout index (WI, early T/N minus late T/N divided by early T/N) were calculated. RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between the T/N's at early and late images (r=0.54, p=0.002 on early images; r=0.47, p=0.006 on late images). The T/N's of early images were not different among the different groups of Pgp expression (p=0.3696) while those of late images were significantly different among the groups (p=0.0276). An even more significant difference was noted in the WI's among the groups (p=0.0015). A significant negative correlation was noted between the T/N of late images and Pgp expression (p=0.0276). An even stronger correlation was found between WI and Pgp expression (r=0.668, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The tumoral uptake and washout of Tc-99m MIBI can be used as a simple functional test for angiogenesis and P-glycoprotein expression in untreated breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; P-Glycoprotein ; Population Characteristics* ; Prospective Studies ; Radionuclide Imaging*

Objectives: This study examined the level of depression and anxiety and the related factors, especially the knowledge and attitudes towards dementia, of people caring for a family member with dementia. Methods: Data on the demographics, care burdens, and clinical characteristics of dementia patients and their family caregivers were collected. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Korean Screening Tool for Anxiety disorders (K-ANX), Dementia Knowledge Scale (DKS), and Dementia Attitudes Scale (DAS) were performed. This study investigated whether depression and anxiety of caregivers differed according to the caregivers, patients, and the burden of caregivers. Multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the potential factors that may influence the psychological symptoms in family caregivers. Results: There were 135 respondents. The scores of CES-D and K-ANX were 19.18±12.05 (probable depression) and 11.48±8.88 (mild anxiety), respectively. There was a significant difference in the degree of depression according to the level of education (F=4.14, p<0.05), the severity of dementia (F=3.63, p<0.05), and cohabitation with patients with dementia (t=2.07, p<0.05). On the other hand, the difference in the degree of anxiety was not significant depending on the stratified potential factors. The degree of depression in caregivers was positively associated with severe dementia (β=0.252, p<0.01) and negatively associated with the DAS score (β= -0.392, p<0.001). Anxiety was only inversely affected by the DAS score (β=-0.369, p<0.001). Conclusion This study shows that family caregivers of people with dementia experience high levels of depression and anxiety, which are influenced by the patient’s severity of dementia and the caregiver’s attitude toward dementia.