Objective To understand the characteristics of surface electromyography (sEMG)of vastus medialis muscle fatigue induced by isokinetic flexion and extension movement, and to further provide references for the application of sEMG on dynamical movements.Methods Arial isokinetic equipment and ME6000 equipment were combined to analyze the time domain indices including root mean square (RMS ) integrated electromyography (iEMG)and spectrum indices including median frequency (MF)and mean power frequency (MPF)for vastus medialis from ten students from Shenyang Sport University during isokinetic fatigue.Results During the isokinetic muscle fatigue the RMS and iEMG were significantly increased (P<0.05),accompanying with higher effect sizes for iEMG than for RMS. As for the spectrum indices,MF and MPF were significantly decreased (P<0.05)with larger effect sizes for MPF than for MF. The increase rate of iEMG was significantly higher in iEMG than RMS (P<0.05),and the decline rate of MPF was larger than MF (P<0.05).Conclusion The iEMG as a time domain index and MPF as a spectrum index can be sensitive indexes to assess the dynamic muscle fatigue.

Objective To explore the biomechanis with different bone density by the pedicle screws fixation before and after fatigue test.Thus provide biomechanical basis for the clinical work.Methods A total of 27 fresh lumbar vertebrae samples of adult sheep (L1-L5) were equally divided into three groups,such as group A of decalcified with HCL 0 h,group B of decalcified with HCL 2 h and group C of decalcified with HCL 4 h,by using the random number table method,every groups was 9 models.Four screws was performed on the L4-L5 pedicle of vertebral arch of the three groups.Three groups were performed fatigue test of 250 000 times in 4 direction (flexion,extension,left lateral bending,right lateral bending) by (300+ 105) N load.The range of motion(ROM),the axial compressive stiffness were measured and the results in every group were compared before and after fatigue test.Results After fatigue test,ROM and the axial compressive stiffness had no significant change in group A (P＞0.05),but ROM of B group and C group were both increased and the axial compressive stiffness were decreased,Significance was found with and between groups.Conclusion The stability of people who are performed pedicle screws simplly may be decrease when the spine of osteopenia.

The peeled stem of Syringa pinnatifolia is a Mongolia folk medicine, mainly distributed in Helan mountain, inner Mongolia and Ningxia provinces of China. It has been used for the treatment of cardiopalmus, angina pectoris, and cardiopulmonary diseases for a long history. Contemporary research revealed the presence of major lignans, sesquitepenes, and essential oils, and showed myocardial ischemia related diseases. This review summarizes the plant origins, taxonomic disputes, phytochemical and pharmacological research progress, hopefully to provide reference for full medicinal utilization, clarification of biological effective substance, and drug development.
Animals ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Molecular Structure ; Syringa ; chemistry

In order to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of triptolide (TP) on 4T1 mice breast cancer cell line in vitro and in mouse model, as well as the possible mechanisms, we detected the effect of TP on cell proliferation by MTT assay or Crystal Violet Staining in our research. Flowcytometry combined with FITC-Annexin V/PI staining were used for detecting TP induced 4T1 cell apoptosis. The protein expression of ERalpha, p-ERalpha, ERbeta, p-ERbeta, ERK, p-ERK, p38, p-p38, SAPK/JNK, and p-SAPK/JNK was tested by western blotting. We also compare TP with chemotherapy drug doxorubicin in 4T1 tumor bearing BLAB/c mice model, the Xenogen bioluminescence imaging, H&E, and IHC result indicated that TP exhibits an anticancer proliferation activity. As a result, TP in 100, 10, 1, 0.1 micromol x L(-1), all inhibited the proliferation of 4T1 cells by MTT assay and Crystal Violet Staining. TP which concentrations is 10, 1, 0.1 micromol x L(-1) could induce the apoptosis of 4T1 cells and reduce the cell proliferation. TP in 200 microg x kg(-1) could inhibit the tumor growth in vivo. The anticancer proliferation of TP was involved in its effect on reducing expression of ERalpha, p-ERalpha, ERbeta, and p-ERbeta, but nothing to do with the activation of MAPK signaling pathway.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Epoxy Compounds ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Phosphorylation ; drug effects ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo observe the primary prevention role of Wuling Capsule (WC) on poststroke depression (PSD) patients.

METHODSAcute stroke patients were recruited and randomized into 2 groups by stratification, 55 in each group. All patients received same routine treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Patients in the experimental group additionally took WC (0.33 g each pill), 3 pills per day, three times per day; while those in the control group additionally took placebos, 3 pills per day, three times per day. Two weeks consisted of one therapeutic course. The diagnosis of PSD was performed once every other week. Those in accordance with PSD diagnosis discontinued any drug therapy. Those not in accordance with PSD diagnosis continued the drug therapy for 1-12 therapeutic course(s) (in total of 6 months). If they were still not in accordance with PSD diagnosis, then they discontinued the drug therapy. The morbidity of PSD, the average time of depression occurrence, Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) score, and adverse reactions were observed.

RESULTSThe 1-, 3-, and 6-month morbidity of PSD was 8%, 16%, and 34% in the experimental group, while they were 19.6%, 29.4%, and 54.9% in the control group. The occurrence rate was lower in the experimental group than in the control group. Besides, there was statistical difference in the 6-month occurrence rate between the two groups (chi2 = 4.465, P < 0.05). The average time of PSD occurrence was longer in the experimental group than in the control group (14.96 +/- 8.31 weeks vs. 9.36 +/- 6.06 weeks; t=6.762, P < 0.05). The HAMD score at the PSD occurrence was 11.96 +/- 2.14 in the experimental group, lower than that of the control group (14.57 +/- 4.24), showing statistical difference (t=5.641, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWC was superior to the placebos in lowering the incidence of PSD, delaying the occurrence time of PSD, attenuating the depression degree of PSD, and had certain preventive effect on the incidence of PSD.

Aged ; Capsules ; Depression ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Primary Prevention ; Stroke ; complications

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and risk factors of patient with Wegener's granulomatosis complicated with pulmonary infection.Methods Patients with Wegener's granulomatosis admitted to our hospital in the past 11 years were retrospectively analyzed.Comparisons between groups were performed by t tests or Fisher test.ResultsPulmonary infection occurred in 27 cases with an incidence rate of 29％.Twenty-six percent of pulmonary infections occurred at the initial diagnosis,and 44％ occurred within 6 months,while 30％ occurred later than 6 months.The clinical manifestations of pulmonary infection were productive cough (89％),hemoptysis (63％),fever and fatigue (56％),chest pain and pactoralgia (33％).The most common causative pathogen were bacteria(59％ ),fungi(37％ ),and tubercle bacillus(37％ ).Sinus infection(P=0.01),hypoproteinemia(P=0.03),hypoimmunoglobulinemia (P=0.007),and methylprednisolone pulse therapy(P=0.002) were the risk factors for pulmonary infection.ConclusionThe occurrence of Wegener's granulomatosis complicated with pulmonary infection is high within 6 months.The most common clinical manifestation is productive cough.The most common causative pathogens are bacteria,tubercle bacillus and fungi.Sinus infection,hypoproteinemia,hypoimmunoglobulinemia,and methylprednisolone pulse therapy are risk factors of pulmonary infection.

In order to remove invasive plasmids from Shigella flexneri 2a 2457T and Shigella sonnei S7 based on the principle of plasmid incompatibility Ori and inc genes were amplified by PCR from S. flexneri 2a invasive plasmids, and then they were cloned into plasmid pMD18 T, resulting recombinant plasmids pMDori and pMDinc After S flexneri 2a 2457T and S sonnei S7 were transformed with pMDori or pMDinc respectively Invasive plasmids were removed from S flexneri 2a 2457T and S sonnei S7

Objective To study the biomechanical mechanism of Essex-Lopresti injury, and provide biomechanical basis for diagnosis and treatment of Essex-Lopresti injury. Methods Twelve fresh frozen adult upper limbs were addressed. Firstly, 12 samples ("complete state group") were loaded 100 N of a compressive force lasting 30 seconds in pronation, supination and neutral position on the mechanical testing machine. Secondly, 12 specimens were randomly divided into 2 groups. In the group named resection of radial head, the radial head was removed and interosseous membrane (IOM)was intact. In the group named the section of interosseous membrane, IOM was cut off. Finally, the radial head were removed and IOM was cut off in all specimens. The group was named as resection of radial head and IOM. Each sample was tested according to the method as described. Results The forearm rotation or single excision of the IOM had no effect on radial longitudinal displacement. Simple radial head excision or resection of the IOM and the radial head increased the vertical displacement of the radius. The radial stiffness had a gradual decline in forearm supination, neutral position and pronation. Simple excision IOM has no effect on the radial stiffness. The radial stiffness had decreased under the condition of excision of radial head or resection of the IOM and the radial head. Conclusion These in vitro measurements validate that the radial head fracture with IOM injury may be important reason for complications of the Essex-Lopresti injury. Radial head fracture play a key role for Essex-Lopresti injury and the injury of IOM is secondary cause. IOM is responsible for maintaining the vertical stability of the forearm after radial head resection.

Objective To investigate the functional changes of dendritic cells (DC) in elderly patients with sepsis. Method Elderly patients (n = 20), ages 75 to 86 years, treated in the department of internal medicine for cadres and the medical intensive care unit (MICU), were selected to participate in the study. Patients with ma-ligoant tumors, hematological diseases, immune diseases, or a history of receiving drugs known to interfere with immune functions were excluded. Using the American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine (ACCP/SCCM) definition of sepsis, the patients were categorized into four groups: non-sepsis (group A) (n = 5) ; sepsis (group B) (n = 5) ; severe sepsis (group C) (n = 5) ; and septic shock (group D) (n = 5). The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of each patient were isolated and cultured with human re-combinant granuloceyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in vitro for 10 days. The cells were examined under an inverted microscope, scanning electron microscopy, and flow cytometry. The MTT colorimetric assay was used to observe the abilities of the dendritic cells to stimulale an allogeneic T lym-phocyte response in vitro. Paired t -test was used to compare changes in the surface markers among the different groups, Results The PBMCs in the four groups of patients differentiated into cells with typical dendritic configura-tions after in vitro cuhure with combined cytokines. The CD40, CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR expressions on the cell surfaces increased after culture,with (43.2±12.5)%/(27.3±9.3)%, (31.4 ± 10.1)%/(22.5 ± 8.7)%, (39.3±15.7)%/(21.9±7.7)%, and (75.4±25.6)%/(58.7±16.7)%, respectively. The stimulation index (the abilities of the dendritic cells to stimulale the allogeneic T lymphocyte response in vitro) in the four groups of patients after culture were (23.3±7.9) in group A, (18.9±8.3) in group B,(11.4±5.1) in Group C,and (5.5 ± 3.7) in Group D. Conclusions The immune functions of the dendritic cells of elderly patients with sepsis decrease in a linear manner with the severity of their septic state.

AIMTo compare the TAOC of quercetin, rutin, vitamin C, vitamin E in vitro and examine the effect of quercetin on TAOC of rat plasma after intragastric administration.

METHODSFe3+ reducing ability assay, UV spectrum analysis and HPLC analysis were used to measure TAOC of plasma and the contents of quercetin and rutin after intragastric administration.

RESULTSThe TAOC of quercetin was stronger than that of rutin and roughly equal to vitamin C and vitamin E in vitro. After intragastric administration of quercetin (40 mg/kg bw), the TAOC and content of quercetin in rat plasma increased significantly. Vitamin C also increased plasma TAOC significantly, but rutin and vitamin E didn't after intragastric administration. However, there was no remarkable absorption peak of quercetin on HPLC chromatograms and on the other hand, the peak areas of two unknown peaks near quercetin peak were increased after intragastric administration of quercetin.

CONCLUSIONThe antioxidant capacity of quercetin was stronger than rutin and comparable to vitamin C both in vitro and in vivo. After absorption, quercetin is metabolized to its derivatives.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Ascorbic Acid ; pharmacology ; Male ; Quercetin ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Rutin ; pharmacology ; Vitamin E ; pharmacology