Objective To identify the genotypes of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from the First Affiliated Hospital,Shantou University Medical College.Methods The MICs of 10 antibiotics were determined by agar-dilution against the clinical isolates of ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae.PCR were performed with specific primers for blaTEM,blaSHV, blaCTX-M and blaOXA respectively.PCR products were cloned and sequenced.Results The results of PCR showed that a- mong the 83 strains of ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae,75 were positive for blaTEM,41 positive for blaSHV,25 poitive for blaCTX-M,9 positive for hlaOXA.Three genotypes were found in 13 strains(15.7%),2 genotypes in 59 strains (71.1%) and single genotype in only 11 strains(13.2%).The genes of CTX-M-3,TEM-1 and SHV were found co-existent in 9 strains. The strains carrying 2 or 3 ESBL genes were more resistant to antibiotics than those carrying only 1 ESBL gene.Conclusions The genotypes of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in this hospital are blaTEM,blaSHV,blaCTX-M and blaOXA. Most strains carry 2 or 3 ESBL genes.

OBJECTIVETo investigate hereditary susceptibility to coronary heart disease (CHD) in apolipoprotein E(apo E) and apo B polymorphisms of youths.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to analyze apoE, apoB Xba I, apoB 3' variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) genotypes for 244 healthy Han students (among them were 109 students with positive CHD family history).

RESULTSThe allele frequencies of apo e4, XbaI x(+), 3'VNTR-B(hypervariable element, HVE>38) in the positive group were obviously higher than those in the negative group(P<0.05), and were significantly correlated with the increase in TC, LDL-C, apoB100 levels (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe alleles for apo e4, XbaI x(+), 3'VNTR-B may be the important genetic markers of Han CHD.

Adolescent ; Alleles ; Apolipoproteins B ; genetics ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; Coronary Disease ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Young Adult

Clinical experiences of acupuncture treatment on ophthalmic diseases over the years are summarized and analyzed to study the therapeutic capacity of acupuncture. Ophthalmic disorders are categorized into diseases with acupuncture treatment as the predominant or supplementary therapy, or as the therapeutic or prevention regimen. At the same time, various treating courses are designed for different phases of the diseases. And effects of acupuncture on different categories of ophthalmic disorders are discussed so as to improve the level of clinical application of acupuncture.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Eye Diseases ; therapy ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo develop a rapid, sensitive and specific real time reverse transcription PCR for detecting and identifying human metapneumovirus.

METHODSThe Hmpv-L gene of human metapneumovirus was chosen as target gene, the primers and TaqMan probe were designed, and the PCR reaction was optimized systematically. The total RNA was extracted from respiratory specimens, and reverse transcription was performed through random primer. The cDNA was detected by using real time PCR. The specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility of real time PCR were estimated. The real time PCR was applied to detect 180 clinical respiratory specimens.

RESULTSThe human metapneumovirus can be detected using real time reverse transcription PCR accurately and quickly, and the sensitivity was 1 copy/microl. The coefficient of variation of intra-assay and inter-assay was less than 5%. Among those 180 specimens, 28 (15.56%) were positive for human metapneumovirus, the clinical diagnoses for these 28 patients were pneumonia (15.60%, 17/109) and bronchiolitis (15.49%, 11/71). 21 positive specimens were from patients under 2 years of age, and 6 positive specimens were from patients between 2 and 5 years of age, only 1 positive specimens was from patients over 5 years.

CONCLUSIONIt is demonstrated that real time reverse transcription PCR is a reliable, accurate and feasible assay for human metapneumovirus, which has become one of the most important pathogens induced acute respiratory infections in pediatric patients.

Child, Preschool ; Feasibility Studies ; Humans ; Metapneumovirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; virology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Reverse Transcription ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVEUsing 16S rDNA and 23S rDNA genes as the target sequences to develop a system based on oligonucleotide microarray and to detect the seven clinical pathogenic bacteria, commonly seen.

METHODSDouble polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to amplify the segments of 16S rDNA and 23S rDNA genes of the target bacteria. An oligonucleotide microarray was constructed to simultaneously detect EHEC O157:H7, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella sp., Vibrio cholerae, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni and Shigella sp. Specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility of the microarray during detection were checked. And then microarray was used to detect the microbes in stool specimens of 81 patients with diarrhea and vomiting.

RESULTSThe double PCR method could simultaneously amplify the target sequences of 16S rDNA and 23S rDNA genes of the seven pathogens. The sensitivity of the developed oligonucleotide microarray could reach 10(3) cfu/ml but no positive results were presented for non-targeted bacteria. The coefficients of differentiation in one lot or among different lots of the microarray slices were 3.89% - 5.81%. The positive detection rate of the stool specimens by oligonucleotide microarray was 39.5% (32/81), with a coincidence of 96.3% (78/81) for the patients and another coincidence of 96.8% (31/32) for bacterial genus or species identification, when comparing to the results by routine bacteriological examinations.

CONCLUSIONThe established assay in this study based on oligonucleotide microarray to detect the seven pathogenic bacteria has many advantages such as convenient, rapid, accurate, stable and high flux, which is suitable for clinical specimen examination and epidemiological field investigation.

Bacteria ; isolation & purification ; Campylobacter jejuni ; isolation & purification ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; Escherichia coli O157 ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Listeria monocytogenes ; isolation & purification ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 23S ; genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Salmonella ; isolation & purification ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Shigella ; isolation & purification ; Vibrio cholerae ; isolation & purification ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; isolation & purification

Objective:To compare the application of GLIM and SGA in diagnosing malnutrition among severe neurosurgery patients.Methods:According to random sampling,42 patients admitted to the intensive care unit of Department of Neurotrauma in a Grade-A hospital in Guangzhou from January 2023 to April 2023 were screened.The nutritional status was assessed using GLIM standard and SGA scale,respectively.GLIM criteria and SGA scale were compared in the diagnosis of malnutrition.Results:The patients'NRS 2002 score was(3.90±1.10),and the positive rate of nutritional screening risk was 100％(42/42).13 patients were diagnosed as malnutrition by GLIM criteria,with a positive rate of 30.95％.29 cases were diagnosed as malnutrition by SGA,and the positive rate was 69.05％.The Kappa value of GLIM standard and SGA scale for malnutrition was 0.372,and the difference between the two nutritional status assessment tools was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Patients receiving neurocritical surgery had high nutritional risk and had a low incidence of malnutrition under GLIM criteria,while a high incidence of malnutrition under SGA criteria.Moreover,the results of GLIM criteria and SGA were not consistent in the assessment of malnutrition.

Objective: To study the clinicopathological characteristics of cardiac neoplasms. Methods: A total of 689 cases of cardiac neoplasms from January 1st 1992 to December 31th 2017 at Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital were collected. The clinical data and histologic features were analyzed along with a review of literature. The pathological diagnosis and classification were based on the criteria of WHO 4th edition(2015). Results: Among 689 cases of cardiac neoplasms, 259 were male and 430 were female patients, with age from 0 to 84 years (mean of 48 years). The peak incidence was between the fourth and sixth decade. Among patients younger than 20 years, there were 24 males and 12 females. 674 cases(674/689,97.8%)were primary cardiac tumors and 15 cases were secondary tumors (15/689,2.2%). Amongst the primary cardiac neoplasms, 625 cases were benign(625/674,92.7%), 7 cases were borderline (7/674, 1.0%), and 42 cases were malignant (42/674, 6.2%). The incidences of benign, borderline and malignancy heart tumors among patients below 20 years old were lower than those of patients over 20 years of age (4.8% vs. 95.2%; 3/9 vs. 6/9; 5.5% vs. 94.5%, respectively). Of the benign tumors, 406 cases were female and 219 cases were male. More male than female patients were seen in borderline and malignancy cardiac tumor categories (6∶3; 34∶21). Of 625 benign tumors, 577 cases were myxoma(85.6%), which mainly occurred in patients over 20 years of age(85.9% vs. 14.1%) with a female predominance. Non-myxomas mainly occurred in children and adolescent patients compared to adult (55.6% vs. 44.4%, P<0.01) with a male predominance. Overall, 524 tumors originated from the left atrium, 84 cases from the right atrium, 26 cases from the pericardium, 23 cases from the right ventricular, and 11 cases from the left ventricle. However, 21 cases were multicentric or involving cardiac valves. Benign tumors mainly involved left heart(76.3%) vs. right heart(81/625, 12.6%). The mostly common location of borderline tumors was right heart(5/9). Malignant tumors tended to involve the right heart(22/55,40.0%) and pericardium(18/55, 32.7%). Conclusions Although the incidence of cardiac neoplasms is low,various tumor types can occur, most of which are myxoma with a female predominance. Non-myxomas mainly occur in children and adolescents with a male predominance.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and sexual development in Chinese children. Methods: A nationwide multicenter and population-based large cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of China from January 2017 to December 2018. Data on sex, age, height, weight were collected, BMI was calculated and sexual characteristics were analyzed. The subjects were divided into four groups based on age, including ages 3-<6 years, 6-<10 years, 10-<15 years and 15-<18 years. Multiple Logistic regression models were used for evaluating the associations of BMI with sexual development in children. Dichotomous Logistic regression was used to compare the differences in the distribution of early and non-early puberty among normal weight, overweight and obese groups. Curves were drawn to analyze the relationship between the percentage of early puberty and BMI distribution in girls and boys at different Tanner stages. Results: A total of 208 179 healthy children (96 471 girls and 111 708 boys) were enrolled in this study. The OR values of B2, B3 and B4+ in overweight girls were 1.72 (95%CI: 1.56-1.89), 3.19 (95%CI: 2.86-3.57), 7.14 (95%CI: 6.33-8.05) and in obese girls were 2.05 (95%CI: 1.88-2.24), 4.98 (95%CI: 4.49-5.53), 11.21 (95%CI: 9.98-12.59), respectively; while the OR values of G2, G3, G4+ in overweight boys were 1.27 (95%CI: 1.17-1.38), 1.52 (95%CI: 1.36-1.70), 1.88 (95%CI: 1.66-2.14) and in obese boys were 1.27 (95%CI: 1.17-1.37), 1.59 (95%CI: 1.43-1.78), and 1.93 (95%CI: 1.70-2.18) (compared with normal weight Tanner 1 group,all P<0.01). Analysis in different age groups found that OR values of obese girls at B2 stage and boys at G2 stage were 2.02 (95%CI: 1.06-3.86) and 2.32 (95%CI:1.05-5.12) in preschool children aged 3-<6 years, respectively (both P<0.05). And in the age group of 6-10 years, overweight girls had a 5.45-fold risk and obese girls had a 12.54-fold risk of B3 stage compared to girls with normal BMI. Compared with normal weight children, the risk of early puberty was 2.67 times higher in overweight girls, 3.63 times higher in obese girls, and 1.22 times higher in overweight boys, 1.35 times higher in obese boys (all P<0.01). Among the children at each Tanner stages, the percentage of early puberty increased with the increase of BMI, from 5.7% (80/1 397), 16.1% (48/299), 13.8% (27/195) to 25.7% (198/769), 65.1% (209/321), 65.4% (157/240) in girls aged 8-<9, 10-<11 and 11-<12 years, and 6.6% (34/513), 18.7% (51/273), 21.6% (57/264) to 13.3% (96/722), 46.4% (140/302), 47.5% (105/221) in boys aged 9-<10, 12-<13 and 13-<14 years, respectively. Conclusions: BMI is positively correlated with sexual development in both Chinese boys and girls, and the correlation is stronger in girls. Obesity is a risk factor for precocious puberty in preschool children aged 3-<6 years, and 6-<10 years of age is a high risk period for early development in obese girls.
Adolescent ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity/epidemiology* ; Overweight/epidemiology* ; Puberty ; Puberty, Precocious ; Sexual Development