To improve the water solubility of daidzein, solid inclusion complexes of daidzein with two amino-modified β-cyclodextrins (ACDs), i.e., mono-6-amino-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin (NCD) and mono-6-ethylenediamino-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin (ENCD), were prepared by the saturated solution method in water under the preparation conditions as follows: the ratio of daidzein/ACD was 3∶1 and the stirring time was 72 h (83% and 67% yields, respectively).The formation of two inclusion complexes was confirmed by x-ray diffractometry (XRD) and themogravimetric (TG) analysis.The inclusion stoichiometry of the inclusion complexes was 1∶1 from the Job plot and their complexation stability constants (KS) were 899.2 and 203.8 L/mol from fluorescence titration, respectively.After formation of inclusion complexes with NCD and ENCD, the water solubility of daidzein was dramatically raised from 8.31 μg/mL to 15.2 and 13.2 mg/mL at 25℃, increasing by 1800-fold and 1500-fold.

Multi-component traditional Chinese medicines are an innovative research mode for traditional Chinese medicines. Currently, there are many design methods for developing multi-component traditional Chinese medicines, but their common feature is the lack of effective connection of the traditional Chinese medicine theory. In this paper, the authors discussed the multi-component traditional Chinese medicine design methods based on medicinal property combination modes, provided the combination methods with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine for the prescription combinations, and proved its feasibly with hypertension cases.
Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats

BACKGROUNDParthenolide has been tested for anti-tumor activities, such as anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis in recent studies. However, little is known about its role in the process of tumor angiogenesis. This study aims to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of parthenolide on the proliferation, migration and lumen formation capacity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

METHODSDifferent concentrations of parthenolide were applied to the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 cells. After 24-hour incubation, the culture supernatants were harvested and used to treat human umbilical vein endothelial cells for 24 hours. Then an inverted fluorescence phase contrast microscope was used to evaluate the human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-8 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9 in the culture supernatant of the MDA-MB-231 cells was then measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays.

RESULTSSuppression of proliferation, migration, and the lumen formation capacity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was observed in the presence of the culture supernatants from the breast cancer cell line treated with different concentrations of parthenolide. Parthenolide decreased the levels of the angiogenic factors MMP-9, VEGF, and IL-8 secreted by the MDA-MB-231 cells.

CONCLUSIONSParthenolide may suppress angiogenesis through decreasing angiogenic factors secreted by breast cancer cells to interfere with the proliferation, migration and lumen-like structure formation of endothelial cells, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. It is a promising potential anti-angiogenic drug.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Female ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Sesquiterpenes ; pharmacology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the simple infection and super/co-infection of HAV-HEV, HGV in patients with viral hepatitis.

METHODSUsing EIA method to detect anti-HAV IgM, HBV serum markers, anti-HCV IgM, anti-HDV IgM, anti-HEV IgM, anti-HGV IgM in viral hepatitis patients with different clinical types.

RESULTSSeventy-three percent patients (154/210) had HBV infection markers, twenty-nine percent patients (61/210) had HAV infection marker, eight percent patients (17/210) had HCV, HDV infection markers, ten percent patients (21/210) had HEV infection and seven percent patients (15/210) had HGV infection. Only nine percent patients (20/210) had viral hepatitis serum markers negative. In all clinical types, sixty-one percent patients had only one type hepatitis virus infection, thirty-two percent patients had two types of hepatitis virus super/co-infection, six percent patients had three types of hepatitis virus super/co-infection. Super/co-infection often occurred in patients who had cirrhosis or hepatic failure.

CONCLUSIONHBV and HAV infection is very common in viral hepatitis patients, whereas HCV, HDV, HEV and HGV infection is relatively low; double super/co-infection of HAV-HEV, HGV frequently occurs in severe patients with viral hepatitis.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; GB virus C ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis A ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepatitis A virus ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis E ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis Viruses ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Male ; Superinfection

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of compound gengniankang (GNK) in regulating the endocrine and immune functions in aged female rats.

METHODSAged female rats with osteoporosis were selected as the object for observation and healthy young rats were taken for control. Animals were administered by GNK and nilestriol respectively, through gastric perfusion, for 3 months to observe the therapeutic effect of drug treatment on osteoporosis and the regulatory effect on endocrine and immune function. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by double energy X-ray absorption technique, serum levels of estradiol (E2), follicule-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were determined by RIA, T-cell subsets and apoptosis in spleen were detected by flow cytometry.

RESULTSIn aged rats with osteoporosis, the BMD decreased, serum level of E2 lowered, FSH and LH levels raised, splenic CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ significantly decreased and T-cell apoptosis rate significantly elevated. GNK could increase the BMD, lower the FSH and LH levels, but showed no significant effect on E2 level. It could increase the CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio to nearby the normal range, and reduce the apoptosis of T-cells.

CONCLUSIONGNK has therapeutic effect on osteoporosis in aged rats, and is able to regulate the endocrine and enhance the immune function in organism.

Absorptiometry, Photon ; Aging ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Osteoporosis ; blood ; immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effect of Compound Recipe Gengniankang ( GNK) with that of hormone replacement treatment (HRT) on climacteric female rats with osteoporosis, and to investigate the roles of estrogen and estrogen receptors in the mechanism of osteoporosis.

METHODSClimacteric female rats with osteoporosis were chosen and divided into three groups (GNK group, HRT group and control group). Apoptosis of ovarian granulose cells was measured by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Serum level of estradiol (E(2)), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) were determined by the method of radioimmunoassay (RIA). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCT) technology was used to evaluate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) in bone. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by double energy X-ray absorption (DEXA).

RESULTSIn the climacteric rats, BMD, serum E(2), ER mRNA expression in bone decreased remarkably, and serum FSH, LH and apoptosis of ovarian granulose cells increased obviously. After treating with GNK, all the indexes were reversed except serum E(2). The increase of E(2) was not significant.

CONCLUSIONGNK is effective on climacteric osteoporosis female rats. Its role is performed not by increasing serum E(2) but by enhancing ER in the bone and inhibiting apoptosis of ovarian granulose cells. GNK can deter further exhaustion of ovarian function.

Age Factors ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Bone and Bones ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Climacteric ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Hormones ; blood ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Osteoporosis ; metabolism ; Ovary ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen ; biosynthesis

Objective? To explore how to apply best practice guideline in teaching and the initial effects. Methods? After deeply investigating courses, this study selected best practice guideline by combining with existing problems in teaching. Combined with the first-level and second-level class, a careful design scheme was conducted by each course groups and multiple rounds of project argumentation. After determining the program and teaching resources, each guideline application course group began to fully implement according to their own program. Results? The best practice guidelines were successfully applied in 7 courses through various teaching forms including situation simulation, flipped classroom, case teaching as well as role playing which played an positive role in teaching content, teaching design and teaching evaluation. Conclusions? In the whole process of implementation, teachers and students feel that the application of best practice guideline in nursing teaching is helpful to expand the frontier content of teaching, establish the evidence-based concept of teachers and students and initially cultivate critical thinking. It also plays a positive role in arousing the enthusiasm of nursing students and the comprehensive application of the knowledge they have learned. It makes evaluation methods flexible and diversified and is also beneficial to the real and objective response to the learning effect of nursing students.

This study was aimed to investigate the clinical outcome of ricin-immunotoxin mediated T cell partially depleted HLA/MLC mismatched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 13 patients with hematological malignancies were treated by ricin-immunotoxin mediated T cell partially depleted allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations from HLA/MLC mismatched donors, including 6 cases of CML in CP(1), 1 case of ALL in CR(1), 1 case of ALL in CR(2), 1 case of ALL in relapse, 2 cases of AML in CR(1), 1 case of AML in CR(2), 1 case of MDS-RAEBT-AML (M(4)) in CR(1). The results showed that 8 cases were engrafted successfully, 2 cases of them developed grade II acute GVHD and 2 cases developed grade III-IV acute GVHD. Within following-up of 8 - 90 months, 2 patients who experienced grade III-IV acute GVHD died early after transplantation; 1 patient died of late onset of infection; the other 5 patients survived free from diseases. After failure at first infusion, 4 patients were given reinfusion of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells from the same donor. 3 out of 4 cases failed to engraft and only one patient got engraftment but died of related complications of transplantation. One patient was performed a second transplantation from a syngeneic donor and survive free of disease until now. In conclusion, T cell partially depleted HLA/MLC mismatched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation by ricin-immunotoxin decreases the occurrence of severe acute GVHD but with high risk of rejection, which clinical outcome still needs further evaluation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; epidemiology ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; mortality ; Humans ; Immunotoxins ; pharmacology ; Lymphocyte Depletion ; methods ; Male ; Ricin ; pharmacology ; T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of spectral karyotyping (SKY) in cytogenetic analysis of acute myeloid leukemias (AML).

METHODSNine AML patients were analyzed by R-banding and SKY. MLL, PML-RARalpha, AML1-ETO fusion genes were detected by dual fusion- fluorescence in situ hybridization (D-FISH).

RESULTSAll 9 samples were successfully hybridized. SKY identified structural aberrations including 9q -, t(15;17) and ins(10;17) (q22;p11p12) ; and some numeral abnormalities. The results of SKY confirmed those of R-band karyotyping and D-FISH; with more accurate localization.

CONCLUSIONSKY appears to be fairly stable, accurate and sensitive, for AML cytogenetic study.

Adult ; Aged ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spectral Karyotyping ; Young Adult

Background::It is crucial to improve the quality of care provided to ICU patient, therefore a national survey of the medical quality of intensive care units (ICUs) was conducted to analyze adherence to quality metrics and outcomes among critically ill patients in China from 2015 to 2019.Methods::This was an ICU-level study based on a 15-indicator online survey conducted in China. Considering that ICU care quality may vary between secondary and tertiary hospitals, direct standardization was adopted to compare the rates of ICU quality indicators among provinces/regions. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify potential factors for in-hospital mortality and factors related to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs), and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs).Results::From the survey, the proportions of structural indicators were 1.83% for the number of ICU inpatients relative to the total number of inpatients, 1.44% for ICU bed occupancy relative to the total inpatient bed occupancy, and 51.08% for inpatients with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores ≥15. The proportions of procedural indicators were 74.37% and 76.60% for 3-hour and 6-hour surviving sepsis campaign bundle compliance, respectively, 62.93% for microbiology detection, 58.24% for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, 1.49% for unplanned endotracheal extubations, 1.99% for extubated inpatients reintubated within 48 hours, 6.38% for unplanned transfer to the ICU, and 1.20% for 48-hour ICU readmission. The proportions of outcome indicators were 1.28‰ for VAP, 3.06‰ for CRBSI, 3.65‰ for CAUTI, and 10.19% for in-hospital mortality. Although the indicators varied greatly across provinces and regions, the treatment level of ICUs in China has been stable and improved based on various quality control indicators in the past 5 years. The overall mortality rate has dropped from 10.19% to approximately 8%.Conclusions::The quality indicators of medical care in China’s ICUs are heterogeneous, which is reflected in geographic disparities and grades of hospitals. This study is of great significance for improving the homogeneity of ICUs in China.