BACKGROUND:Chitosan (CS) holding a good biocompatibility, biodegradability, antibacterial property and hemostasis effect cannot only promote wound healing and tissue repair, but also exhibit sustained-control release when carrying berberine hydrochloride (Bh). Therefore it functions as an excellent antibacterial and hemostatic material. OBJECTIVE:To prepare the porous CS/Bh composite xerogel and observe its antibacterial and hemostatic properties. METHODS:The porous CS/Bh composite xerogel was prepared using freeze-drying method, and its microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The biocompatibility was detected through MTT assay and the in vitro antibacterial and hemostatic properties were observed through antibacterial test and blood clotting index. RESULTS AND COCNLUSION:The porosity of the CS/Bh composite xerogel was 83.1%-90.5%and almost degraded after 72 hours of immersion in PBS. The in vitro antibacterial and hemostatic properties of the composite xerogel were significantly better than those of CS, which were enhanced with the Bh content increasing. Additionally, the CS/Bh (10%) composite xerogel showed the best hemostatic and antibacterial abilities in vitro. To conclude, the CS/Bh composite xerogel possesses a good biocompatibility and strong hemostatic and antibacterial abilities, which is a promising postoperative antibacterial and hemostatic material.

OBJECTIVE To study the epidemiology and the sensitivity to antibiotics of bacteremia in intensive care unit,and provide the reference for the clinical antimicrobial agents usage. METHODS 465 cases of bacteremia from Jan 2005 to Dec 2007 in the First Affiliated Hospital,Medical College of Zhejiang University were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Totally 1465 strains of pathogens were isolated in three years,and the positive rates were 22.6%.From them 155 strains were fungi(10.6%),611 strains were Gram-positive bacteria(57.9%) and 392 strains were Gram-negative bacteria(37.1%).G + strains mainly included coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(CNS,43.0%) and Staphylococcus aureus(2.1%);the sensitive antibiotics were vancomycin and teicoplanin.G-strains mainly included Acinetobacter baumannii(8.6%);Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(6.6%);Pseudomonas(5.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae(5.3%),the sensitive antibiotics were cefoperazone/sulbactam. CONCLUSIONS The positive rates of blood culture are higher in intensive care unit than in others.We should pay more attention to CNS for its high infection rate.The sensitive antibiotics of G + are vancomycin and teicoplanin.The sensitive antibiotics of G-are cefoperazone/sulbactum.Antimicrobial therapy should be conducted according to susceptibility test.The candidemia caused by non-Candida albicans(NCA) is increaseing in recent 3 year.

Objective To compare the advantages of three-dimensional(3D) and two-dimensional(2D) ultrasound in embryo transfer. Methods A total of 319 patients accepted embryo transfter were included in this study. 2D and 3D ultrasound were used to investigate the uterine cavity and transfer distance from the fundus (TDF),respectivly. They were divided into four groups according to TDF difference(D-TDF) between 2D and 3D ultrasound(group of DTDF<3mm,group of DTDF3～5mm,group of 6～9 mm,group of DTDF≥10 mm. Pregnancy outcomes among the four groups were compared. Results Of the 319 patients, 41 were observed to have abnormal uterine cavity. For 140 patients, the TDF measured by 2D ultrasound were different from that measured by 3D ultrasound. Clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate were found lowest in group of TDF≥10 mm mm (7.7% vs 34.1%,38.1% ,40.0% and 3.6% vs 18.2% ,21.2% ,20.0%, P <0.05). Conclusions 2D ultrasound is limit and deficient for embryo transfer, especially for the visualization of uterine cavity and location of catheter tip, however, it may be better achieved with 3D ultrasound. It is helpful to use the 3D ultrasound to place the catheter tip accurately and improve the pregnancy rate of embryo transfer.

Objective To investigate the sexual problems during early postpartum period and the awareness of postpartum sexual health. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out in 109 women who received routine postpartum check-up in our outpatient department between October and November 2010 to identify postpartum sexual problems and the awareness of postpartum sexual health. Results The first postpartum check-up was received 6 to 12 weeks after the delivery. Of 109 participants,6 (5.5%), 17(15.6%) and 46 (42.2%) resumed sexual activity within 6,6 to 8,and 12 weeks after the delivery,respectively. Postpartum sexual problems included dyspareunia (35/46,76. 09% ), vaginal dryness (29/46,63.04% ), hypoactive sexual desire (25/46,54. 35% ) and lack of orgasm ( 11/46,23.91% ). 10. 87% (5/46)took contraceptive measures,21.10% (23/109) understood the appropriate time to resume sexual activity, 12. 84% (14/109) was aware of the possible postpartum sexual problems, 13.76% (15/109) knew how to avoid pregnant,6.42% (7/109) would visit a doctor in case of the sexual disorders,and 9. 17%(10/109) hoped that their husband know about sexual health. Conclusion Postpartum sexual problems may be common and maternal awareness of postpartum sexual health could be low.

Objective:To compare the properties of three kinds of denture base materials treated and untreated by hydraulic pressure cooker. Methods: The impact strength, flexural strength, flexural elastic modulus and color difference roughness of three denture base materials, Kunshan Rijin(KR),GC UNIFAST Trad(GC), Shanghai Zhangjiang(SZ), were measured in vitro. All results were statistically analyzed with SPSS software to have ANOVA and Tamhane's T2 tests, α=0.05. Results: Comparison of the same materials between the treated materials and the untreated materials by hydraulic pressure cooker: there were significant statistical differences of impact strength for all the materials. There were significant statistical differences of color difference for KR and SZ. Comparison of the three materials: impact strength, GC>SZ>KR;flexural strength, KR>SZ>GC;flexural elastic modulus, KR>SZ>GC;roughness, GC>KR>SZ. Conclusion: The properties of denture base materials treated by hydraulic pressure cooker are good.

The study aimed to establish a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PPK/PD) model of warfarin. PCR-RFLP technique was used to genotype the CYP2C9 and VKORC1 polymorphisms of 73 patients. RP-HPLC-UV method was used to determine the 190 plasma concentrations of warfarin. Application of NONMEM, the clinical information and 263 international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring data were used to investigate the effect of genetic, physiological, pathological factors, other medication on clearance and anticoagulant response. The final model of warfarin PPK/PD was described as follows: CL = θCL · (WT/60)θWT · θCYP · eηCL (if CYP2C9*1/*1, θCYP = 1; if *1/*3, θCYP = 0.708); EC50 = θEC50 · θVKOR · eηEC50 (if VKORC1- 1639AA, θVKOR = 1; if GA, θVKOR = 2.01; V = θV; K(E0) = θK(E0); Emax = θEmax; E0 = θE0 · eηE0. Among them, the body weight (WT), CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotype had conspicuous effect on warfarin PK/PD parameters. The goodness diagnosis, Bootstrap, NPDE verification showed that the final model was stable, effective and predictable. It may provide a reference for opitimizing the dose regimen of warfarin.
Anticoagulants ; pharmacology ; Body Weight ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; International Normalized Ratio ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases ; genetics ; Warfarin ; pharmacokinetics

AIM: To determine whether Jiunaoning injection has protective effects on oxygen/glucose-deprived and reperfusion injury-induced neurons. METHODS: Various concentrations of Jiunaoning injection (0.5-5 mL/L) were used to observe their effects on cultured rat cortical neurons induced by oxygen/glucose-deprived and reperfusion injury in various time points. The neuronal metabolic rate and viability were assessed by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetra zoliumbromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. RESULTS: Jiunaoning injection enhanced the neuronal metabolic rate in a dose-dependent manner in the range from 0.5 to 5 mL/L, and Jiunaoning injection (1.5-2.5 mL/L) enhanced the neuronal metabolic rate, decreased the cell death rate and depressed LDH leak rate significantly. CONCLUSION: Jiunaoning injection has an affirmative protective effect on oxygen/glucose-deprived and reperfusion-induced neuronal injury.

Objective: To study the antixiodant activity of sweet-potato anthocyanin (SPAC) and its inhibiting effect on growth of cancer S180. Method: The scavenging capacity of ??O2 and?OH and the inhibitory effect of MDA were determined in vitro.The SOD activity of serum and skin, the effect on S180 growth, serum GSH-Px activity and MDA were tested in mice. Results: SPAC had antioxidant activity in vitro, with elimination rate of O2?? and?OH 30.63% and 20.57% higher than the same concerntration of VC respectively. Activity of SOD in the serum and skin of mice were raised 27.30% and 13.50% respectively after giving SPAC. The growth rate of cancer S180 in the mice was inhibited, and the highest inhibitory rate was 43.12%. The activity of serum GSH-Px, SOD of the mice was raised as compared to control, but MDA declined . Conclusion: SPAC is a perfect natural pigment with inhibitory effect on growth of cancer S180 probably through its antioxidant activity.

Objective To sum up the measures for nursing the patients with laparoscopic gastrectomy-induced anastomotic leakage treated by open center vacuum aspiration. Method We retrospectively reviewed the histories of 22 patients with laparoscopic gastrectomy-induced anastomotic leakage to look into the nursing measures to look into the management of open vacuum aspiration , observation of the drainage, leakage care, mental care. Results The time for open center vacuum aspiration was between 10 to 17 days, averaged (15.63 ± 3.22)d. The hospital stay was between 13 to 23 days, averaged (17.21 ± 5.47)d. No complications were observed. Conclusions The nursing measures for managing the anastomotic leakage can be effective in improving the effect of peritoneal irrigation. The mental care can be effective for the reduction of patients′pains so as to promote the heal of the leakages.

Medical cell biology is a very important course for medical international students. It is a new challenge for medical colleges to carry out the international students curricula in English. In order to successfully accomplish the teaching of cell biology course ,the teachers in Teaching and Research Section of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics in Guangzhou Medical University made the following preparation before class:choosing or compiling English teaching material,writing English teaching plan,making English PPT and trial teaching before lass. Meanwhile,they improved the teaching links in theoretical teaching and experimental teaching and emphasized on students' feed-back,which provided references for teaching of medical cell biology course.