Objective To compare the advantages of three-dimensional(3D) and two-dimensional(2D) ultrasound in embryo transfer. Methods A total of 319 patients accepted embryo transfter were included in this study. 2D and 3D ultrasound were used to investigate the uterine cavity and transfer distance from the fundus (TDF),respectivly. They were divided into four groups according to TDF difference(D-TDF) between 2D and 3D ultrasound(group of DTDF<3mm,group of DTDF3～5mm,group of 6～9 mm,group of DTDF≥10 mm. Pregnancy outcomes among the four groups were compared. Results Of the 319 patients, 41 were observed to have abnormal uterine cavity. For 140 patients, the TDF measured by 2D ultrasound were different from that measured by 3D ultrasound. Clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate were found lowest in group of TDF≥10 mm mm (7.7% vs 34.1%,38.1% ,40.0% and 3.6% vs 18.2% ,21.2% ,20.0%, P <0.05). Conclusions 2D ultrasound is limit and deficient for embryo transfer, especially for the visualization of uterine cavity and location of catheter tip, however, it may be better achieved with 3D ultrasound. It is helpful to use the 3D ultrasound to place the catheter tip accurately and improve the pregnancy rate of embryo transfer.

This study aims to establish a method to determine the serum acetaminophen concentration based on diazo reaction, and apply it in the gastric emptying evaluation. Theoretically, acetaminophen could take hydrolysis reaction in hydrochloric acid solution to produce p-aminophenol, which could then take diazo reaction resulting in a product with special absorption peak at 312 nm. Then the serum acetaminophen concentration and recovery rate were calculated according to the standard curve drawn with absorbance at 312 nm. ICR mice were given a dose of acetaminophen (500 mg x kg(-1)) by gavage and the serum acetaminophen was dynamically measured through the diazo reaction. Besides, ICR mice were subcutaneously injected with the long-acting GLP-1 analog GW002 before the gavage of acetaminophen, and serum acetaminophen concentration was measured as above to study how GW002 could influence the gastric emptying. The data showed acetaminophen ranging from 0 to 160 μg x mL(-1) could take diazo reaction with excellent linear relationship, and the regression equation was y = 0.0181 x +0.0104, R2 = 0.9997. The serum acetaminophen was also measured with good linear relationship (y = 0.0045 x + 0.0462, R = 0.9982) and the recovery rate was 97.4%-116.7%. The serum concentration of acetaminophen reached peak at about 0.5 h after gavage, and then gradually decreased. GW002 could significantly lower the serum acetaminophen concentration and make the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) decrease by 28.4%. In conclusion, a method for the determination of serum acetaminophen based on the diazo reaction was established with good accuracy and could be used in the evaluation of gastric emptying.
Acetaminophen ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Aminophenols ; Animals ; Gastric Emptying ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR

Objective To explore the effect of quality control circle (QCC) in reducing the radiation dose during chest CT scan. Methods QCC was founded, activity themes were selected, activity schedule was planned, the reasons of high radiation dose was analyzed, countermeasures were planned and implemented jointly by circle members, and then per capita radiation dose and image quality before and after improving was compared to confirm the effect of QCC activities. The subjects of chest CT scan before and after improvement in our center were selected, included totally 218 cases, their average age was (47.05 ± 8.58) years, 162 were male, 56 were female, 44 cases had CT scan before improvement, 174 cases after improvement, and the data were analyzed by T-test and Chi-square test. Results The radiation dose per capita has declined from 13.75 mGy to 3.45 mGy, The rate of standard was 102.08%, progress rate was 74.91%. The rate of high-quality image was 92.52%. Compared with per capita radiation dose before and after the activities, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001). The rate of high-quality image was 93.18% before activities, the percentage remained steady at 92.52% after the activities, there was no statistically significant differences in image quality(P>0.05). Conclusions Application of QCC not only reduced the radiation dose of the client without image quality changes, but also improved thinking and learning capacity, cooperative consciousness of the circle members.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the optimization of automatic system in outpatient pharmacy of the hospital. METHODS:Based on PDCA(Plan,Do,Check and Action)cycle management,the modules for adding and dispensing drugs of the automatic system in the outpatient pharmacy were optimized and the work records and quality indexes before (July-September in 2013) and after (May-July in 2014) the optimization were compared. RESULTS:By the optimization of the software system, hardware equipment and staff training,the error rate of adding drugs was reduced by 95%,daily box number of added drugs was increased by 30.9%,monthly box number of drugs damaged by the machine was decreased by 80%,the error rate of dropping drugs was decreased by 96.6%,and the frequency of machine fault was decreased by 87.5%,compared with before. CONCLU-SIONS:By PDCA cycle management,the work efficiency of automatic outpatient pharmacy can be improved,and the errors of prescription dispensing are reduced.

ObjectiveTo set up the new lab examination method for 1p, 19q and 10q loss of heterozygosity(LOH) in glioma.MethodsThirty-eight cases of oligodendroglioma were enrolled into the study. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite analysis was performed on tumor tissues in order to study the status of chromosomes 1p, 19q and 10q.ResultsAmong the 38 cases of oligodendroglioma, 25 cases (65.7%) showed 1p LOH, 26 cases (68.4%) showed 19q LOH, while 5 cases (13.2%) showed 10q LOH.ConclusionReal-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite analysis is a rapid and specific for detecting LOH in glioma tissues.

Multi-component traditional Chinese medicines are an innovative research mode for traditional Chinese medicines. Currently, there are many design methods for developing multi-component traditional Chinese medicines, but their common feature is the lack of effective connection of the traditional Chinese medicine theory. In this paper, the authors discussed the multi-component traditional Chinese medicine design methods based on medicinal property combination modes, provided the combination methods with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine for the prescription combinations, and proved its feasibly with hypertension cases.
Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Mudan Granule (MD) on the glucose metabolism and beta cell function in monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced obese mice with insulin resistance (IR).

METHODSMSG obese mice were induced by subcutaneous injecting MSG (4 g/kg for 7 successive days in neonatal ICR mice). Forty MSG mice with IR features were recruited and divided into four groups according to body weight, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and the percentage of blood glucose decreased within 40 min in the IR test, i.e., the model group (Con), the low dose MD group, the high dose MD group, and the Metformin group (Met). Besides, another 10 ICR mice were recruited as the normal control group (Nor). The water solvent of 2.5 g/kg MD or 5 g/kg MD was respectively administered to mice in the low dose MD group and the high dose MD group. Metformin hydrochloride was given to mice in the Met group at 0.2 g/kg body weight. Equal dose solvent distilled water was administered to mice in the Nor group and the Con group by gastrogavage, once per day. All medication was lasted for 15 weeks. Insulin tolerance test (ITT) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed after 6 weeks of treatment. Beta cell function was assessed by hyperglycemic clamp technique. The morphological changes in the pancreas were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Changes of iNOS, NF-kappaB p65, and p-NF-kappaB p65 in the pancreas were tested.

RESULTSCompared with the Nor group, the blood glucose level, AUC, and fasting blood insulin, ONOO-contents, iNOS activities, and the expression of iNOS, NF-kappaB p65 subunit, pNF-kappaB p65 subunit obviously increased; decreased percentage of blood glucose within 40 min in ITT, glucose infusion rate (GIR), Clamp 1 min insulin, and Max-Insulin obviously decreased in the Con group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the Con group, the aforesaid indices could be improved in the Met group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In the low dose MD group, AUC, iNOS activities, and the expression of iNOS and p-NF-kappaB p65 subunit obviously decreased; percentage of blood glucose within 40 min in ITT and GIR obviously increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In the high dose MD group, AUC, ONOO-contents, iNOS activities, and the expression of iNOS, NF-kappaB p65 subunit, and p-NF-KB p65 subunit obviously decreased; percentage of blood glucose within 40 min in ITT, Max-Insulin, and GIR obviously increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMD could significantly improve IR and functional disorder of 3 cells in MSG obese mice, which might be associated with lowering inflammatory reaction in the pancreas.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Metformin ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mice, Obese ; Obesity ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Pancreas ; cytology ; drug effects ; Sodium Glutamate

AIM: To investigate the effects of auricularia auricular polysaccharide (AAP) on chronic cerebral ischemia injury in rats. METHODS: The chronic cerebral ischemia mode1 was made by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) on the right side. AAP at different doses (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) was intragastrically administered at the onset of ischemia and in the following days after operation, once a day for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of MCAO, Morris water maze test was introduced to examine the learning and memory functions. Nissl staining was performed to detect the survival neurons in hippocampal slices. Level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in brain tissue were measured. RESULTS: Rats treated with AAP showed a shorter escaping latency in spacial navigation test because the AAP treated rats spent less time to find the platform in spatial probe test. More survival neurons in hippocampal slices were observed from AAP treated rats. Also, the MDA level in brain tissue was reduced and SOD activity in brain tissue was increased in the AAP treated rats with MCAO. CONCLUSION: AAP protects rats from chronic brain ischemic injury, in which its anti-oxidative effect might be involved.

Objective To explore effect of 5 -aminolevulinic acid -photodynamic therapy combined with thymopentin -5 on IL -17,IL -23 expression of recurrent condylomata acuminata patients.Methods 140 patients with recurrent condylomata acuminata were randomly divided into 3 groups.53 cases in observation group were treated by 5 -aminolevulinic acid -photodynamic therapy combined with thymopentin -5,42 cases in control group 1 were treated by 5 -aminolevulinic acid -photodynamic therapy,and 45 cases in control group 2 were treated by thymopen-tin -5.24 healthy subjects were served as normal controls.IL -17,IL -23 levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay before and after the clinical therapy.Results IL -17,IL -23 levels in the patients with recur-rent condylomata acuminata were significantly lower than those in healthy subjects(t =28.10,P <0.01;t =11.10, P <0.01).There were significant differences in IL -17,IL -23 between recurrent condylomata acuminata patients and healthy persons before treatment.There was significant difference after treatment(t =61.17,P <0.01;t =28.02, P <0.01).Conclusion 5 -aminolevulinic acid -photodynamic therapy combined with thymopentin -5 in the treat-ment of recurrent condylomata acuminata inhibited IL -17,IL -23 expression,so as to achieve therapeutic effect.

It is important for cardiac therapy devices such as the automated external defibrillator to discriminate different cardiac disorders based on Electrocardiogram analysis. A phase space analysis based algorithm is proposed to detect cardiac arrhythmias effectively. Firstly, the phase space of the signal is reconstructed. Then from the viewpoint of geometry and information theory, the distribution entropy of the point density in the two-dimensional reconstructed phase space is calculated as the features in the further classification. Finally the nearest-neighbour method based on Mahalanobis distance is used to classify the sinus rhythm (SR), supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVTA), atrial flutter (AFL) and atrial fibrillation (AF). To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of this proposed method in the cardiac arrhythmias classification, the MIT-BIH arrhythmias database and the canine endocardial database are studied respectively. Experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method can detect SR, SVTA, AFL and AF signals rapidly and accurately with the simple computation. It promises to find application in automated devices for cardiac arrhythmias therapy.
Algorithms ; Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; diagnosis ; Dogs ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Entropy ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted