Urinary retention is a common complication after abdominal surgery. Urinary retention causes infection and damage to the urinary system, prolonging hospital stays and increasing health care costs in the end. Because medical personnel tend to regard urinary retention as not being a serious problem, it is hard to find any method which decrease the postoperative urinary retention. There are few papers reporting the incidence and the factors which influence the postoperative urinary retention. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of postoperative urinary retention and to identify the factors which affect the postoperative urinary retention. We retrospectively reviewed 296 patients out of 338, who had been undergone laparotomy under spinal or general endotracheal anesthesia during a three month period from January to March 1998. We reviewed nursing, anesthetic and operative records. Among the 296 patients, male were 189(63.9%) and female were 107(36.1%). Postoperative urinary retention occurred in 71 patients(24%). The incidence rate was higher in female patients than in male (M : F=18% : 35%). Factors that in fluence the incidence of postoperative urinary retention were sex, duration of operation, the amount of fluid given the patient, preoperative history of dysuria, and preoperative insertion of a urinary catheter. Among those factors, preoperative urinary catheter insertion is the most effective preventive measure in lowering the incidence of postoperative urinary retention (Spearman correlation coefficient, r=-.462). Shortening the operation time and sparing the fluid which is infused during operation are important in preventing postoperative urinary retention. Preoperative urinary catheter insertion may be helpful in lowering urinary retention in those patients who have a possibility of postoperative urinary retention.
Anesthesia ; Dysuria ; Female ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparotomy* ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Nursing ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Retention*

PURPOSE: This study was to examine the effects of tailored drug-related side effects management program using video designed to help patients with schizophrenia with self-control ability of drug-related side effects, attitude, and adherence to medication. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used. The participants were 51 patients with schizophrenia, 26 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group. The tailored drug-related side effects management program using video was conducted for the experimental group twice a week for 60 minutes/session for 4 weeks. The self-control ability for drug-related side effects, attitude and adherence of medication were measured before and after the experiment. Data were analyzed by using IBM SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. RESULTS: At follow-up, we found statistically significant increases in self-control ability for drug-related side effects, attitude and adherence of medication for the experimental group. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that tailored drug-related side effects management program using video was to increase self-control ability for drug-related side effects, attitude and adherence of medication in patients with schizophrenia.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Medication Adherence ; Schizophrenia*

No abstract available.
Iron* ; Skin Pigmentation*

No abstract available.
Granuloma, Foreign-Body* ; Mesotherapy*

No abstract available.
Occupations

BACKGROUND: Chondroid syringoma is a rare benign tumor composed of epithelial and stromal elements. Studies of chondroid syringoma are lacking in Korea and controversy still exists regarding the stromal cell origins. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of chondroid syringoma in Korea. METHODS: We included 23 patients who were diagnosed with chondroid syringoma. RESULTS: There was a predilection for males (M : F=2.3 : 1), and the mean patient age was 50.4+/-15.4 years (range 22~78 years), peaking in the forties. Of the 23 cases, 22 (95.7%) had it on the head and neck. There were 21 apocrine type cases and 2 eccrine type cases. Apocrine type cases showed decapitation secretion as well as follicular and sebaceous differentiations. Myxohyaline matrix was present in all cases, and in some cases, chondroid, lipomatous, and osseous metaplasias were also observed. In apocrine type cases, inner cell layers displaying tubuloglandular structures expressed cytokeratin, carcino-embryonic antigen, and epithelial membrane antigen, while outer cell layers expressed vimentin, S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, and smooth muscle actin. Stromal cell immunophenotypes were similar to those of the outer layer. CONCLUSION: Chondroid syringoma was most commonly observed on the head and neck in middle-aged males. The apocrine type was far more common than the eccrine type and showed various differentiating characteristics. The matrix may contain myxohyaline stroma with alterations, including chondroid, lipomatous, and osseous metaplasias. Our immunohistochemical study suggests that myoepithelial cells play an important role in the histogenesis of chondroid syringoma and matrix production.
Actins ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic* ; Decapitation ; Head ; Humans ; Keratins ; Korea ; Male ; Metaplasia ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neck ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; S100 Proteins ; Stromal Cells ; Vimentin

Halo nevus is a pigmented nevus surrounded by a round or oval depigmentation. Of patients with halo nevus, 18 to 26% patients have vitiligo, either involving the nevus or at a distant site. While the exact etiology of halo formation and vitiligo is unknown, several theories suggest that common immunologic mechanisms are involved in the destruction of melanocytes of both phenomena. Unlike common melanocytic nevus, congenital nevus associated with both halo formation and concurrent extralesional vitiligo is very uncommon and only one case has been reported in the Korean dermatological literature. A 19-year-old female presented with surrounding depigmentation around a congenital hairy nevus on the left forearm. Simultaneously, vitiligo appeared on the lowerabdomen and surrounding regions of both areola. The halo depigmented lesion around congenital nevus and the periareolar vitiliginous lesion shared some histological and immunohistochemical features. These findings further support common immunological mechanisms of pigment destruction in both phenomena.
Female ; Forearm ; Humans ; Melanocytes ; Nevus ; Nevus, Halo ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Vitiligo ; Young Adult

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a fibrohistiocytic tumor with intermediate malignancy that usually appears in adults. The congenital type is very rare, and only three cases have been reported so far in the Korean literature. A 2-month-old girl presented with a firm reddish-gray nodule on the middle of her back that had been present since birth. Histopathologically, the lesion was composed of fascicles of densely packed uniform spindle cells arranged in a storiform (mat-like) pattern. The cells had hyperchromatic nuclei and rare mitotic figures. On immunohisto-chemistry, the tumor cells were positive for CD34. Based on these findings, we made the diagnosis of congenital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. She underwent wide excision, and there was no evidence of recurrence during 24 months of follow-up. Our report is of interest because of the rarity of congenital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and its earliest detection reported in Korea.
Adult ; Dermatofibrosarcoma* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea ; Parturition ; Recurrence

Kidney transplantation and accompanying medical conditions may result in changes in body composition. Such changes have been evaluated in Caucasian recipients, but not in Asian recipients. Herein, we conducted a study on Asian recipients because Asians have a different body composition from Caucasians. A total of 50 Asian recipients was enrolled as a prospective cohort. Using bioelectrical impedance analysis, body composition (muscle and fat mass) was assessed after 2 weeks (baseline), and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months following kidney transplantation. To find predictors related to changes, the data were analyzed by multivariate analysis using forward selection. All of the patients had good graft function during the study period. Patients gained approximately 3 kg within 1 yr of kidney transplantation. The proportion of muscle mass significantly decreased (Ptrend = 0.001) and the proportion of fat mass significantly increased over time (Ptrend = 0.002). The multivariate results revealed that male recipients, deceased donor type, and low protein intake were associated with an increase in fat mass and a decrease in muscle mass. The results from this study may help to investigate differences in body composition changes between races, as well as the factors related to these changes.
Adiposity ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; *Body Composition ; Cohort Studies ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/*therapy ; *Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prospective Studies ; Time Factors

PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate short-term clinical outcomes by comparing hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery with open surgery for right colon cancer. METHODS: Sixteen patients who underwent a hand-assisted laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (HAL-RHC group) and 33 patients who underwent a conventional open right hemicolectomy (open group) during the same period were enrolled in this study with a case-controlled design. RESULTS: The operation time was 217 minutes in the HAL-RHC group and 213 minutes in the open group (P = 0.389). The numbers of retrieved lymph nodes were similar between the two groups (31 in the HAL-RHC group and 36 in the open group, P = 0.737). Also, there were no significant difference in the incidence of immediate postoperative leukocytosis, the administration of additional pain killers, and the postoperative recovery parameters. First flatus was shown on postoperative days 3.5 in the HAL-RHC group and 3.4 in the open group (P = 0.486). Drinking water and soft diet were started on postoperative days 4.8 and 5.9, respectively, in the HAL-RHC group and similarly 4.6 and 5.6 in the open group (P = 0.402 and P = 0.551). The duration of hospital stay was shorter in the HAL-RHC group than in the open group (10.3 days vs. 13.5 days, P = 0.048). No significant difference in the complication rates was shown between the two groups, and no postoperative mortality was encountered in either group. CONCLUSION: The patients with right colon cancer in the HAL-RHC group had similar pathologic and postoperative recovery parameters to those of the patients in the open group. The patients in the HAL-RHC group had shorter hospital stays than those in the open group. Therefore, hand-assisted laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for right-sided colon cancer is feasible.
Case-Control Studies ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Diet ; Drinking Water ; Flatulence ; Hand-Assisted Laparoscopy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Leukocytosis ; Lymph Nodes