This study was carried out to investigate the response of interphase Y chromosome to some drugs and toxins by observing the rate of leukocytes showing Y-body in the peripheral blood. The interphase Y chromosomes of blood leukocytes were stained with quinacrine mustard and the animals used were rabbits, rats and guinea pies. Y-bodies of leukocytes were studied in the animals as well as in man. Changes in positive rate of Y-body in leukocytes and total leukocyte count were observed in the rabbits administered with drug or toxin. The results concerning the rate of Y-body were as follows: 1. Y-bodies were present in the blood leukocytes of the animals. However positive rates in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were lower in animals that in man. The positive rate of Y-body was higher in mononuclear leukocytes than in polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the animals as in man. 2. Bacterial toxins such as typhoid, D.P.T. and cholera vaccines and anticancer drugs such as busulfan and endoxan reduced the positive rates of Y-body both in mononuclear leukocytes and in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 3. Benzene known as bone marrow toxin reduced the positive rate of Y-body in mononuclear leukocytes, but not that in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Quinine known as general protoplasmic poison reduced the positive rate of Y-body not only in mononuclear leukocytes but also in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 4. Antibiotics such as tetracycline and chloramphenicol and steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and prednisolone had no effects on the positive rate of Y-body both in mononuclear leukocytes and in polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Toxins ; Benzene ; Bone Marrow ; Busulfan ; Chloramphenicol ; Cholera Vaccines ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cytoplasm ; Estrogens ; Guinea ; Interphase ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes* ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Neutrophils ; Prednisolone ; Quinacrine Mustard ; Quinine ; Rabbits* ; Rats ; Testosterone ; Tetracycline ; Typhoid Fever ; Y Chromosome

Multiple studies have established that mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) exhibits reversible diffusion restriction in the white matter, including the splenium. There have been a few previous reports of the change in fractional anisotropy (FA) of MERS cases. Herein, we report the longitudinal changes in axial and radial diffusivity (AD and RD), and FA in a 15-year-old boy patient with MERS. Our case demonstrated that a MERS lesion had a significant drop of AD in the early period and gradual recovery. On the contrary, RD did not show any significant change.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the short-term outcomes between laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) and open liver resection (OLR) in elderly patients with hepatic tumors. Methods: From January 2013 to December 2019, a retrospective study was conducted for a total of 143 patients with over 70 years of age, who underwent liver resection for hepatic tumors. Forty-five patients who received biliary reconstruction at the same time were excluded. According to surgical approaches, 98 patients were classified into LLR and OLR groups. All postoperative complications were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo grading system and the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI). Results: Incidence of the postoperative complications was not statistically different between LLR and OLR groups. The CCI was significantly lower in the LLR group, with a median of 8.556, and a median of 19.698 in the OLR group (p=0.042). The length of hospital stay in the LLR group was significantly shorter than in the OLR group (p=0.008). Conclusion LLR is safe and feasible as a treatment for hepatic tumor in elderly patients with potentially less postoperative complications compared to OLR.

Purpose: : This study aims to identify the factors influencing field adaptation among nurses who have undergone department transfers, by examining the levels of and the relationships between their nursing work environment, interpersonal skills, grit, and field adaptation. Methods: : The study involved 137 nurses who had experienced at least one department transfer within the last three years across two hospitals. Data analysis was performed using SPSS/WIN 29.0, involving descriptive statistics, means, standard deviations, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé post-hoc tests, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis (enter method). Results: : Factors affecting field adaptation included the nursing work environment (β=.37, p ＜.001), interpersonal skills (β=.19, p =.021) and grit (β=.18, p =.025), with a total explanatory power of 31% (F=12.16, p ＜.001). Conclusion : This study contributes insights into effective nursing personnel management, offers foundational data for managing department transfers, and aims to improve the overall quality of nursing care.

PURPOSE: This study was performed to explore the effect of senior simulation on nurses' attitudes toward the elderly. METHOD: Twenty-seven nurses working in various settings such as acute hospitals, community health centers, geriatric hospitals, and clinics were recruited. Among them, 25 subjects completed the whole experimental protocol. Aging Semantic Differential Scaling was utilized to evaluate attitudes toward the elderly and 'Suit for Experiencing Being Aged' from the Sakamoto Model was provided for the experiment. Before and after the experiment subjects filled out questionnaires. RESULT: Attitude score before experiment was 4.36, which indicates neutral attitude. Objective attitude scores were not different significantly after experiment. However subjective statements indicated attitude changes in a positive way. CONCLUSION: Senior simulation can affect nurses' attitude toward elderly in subjective way. That is, nurses became more empathetic and understanding to elderly's physical limitations and felt more initiative nursing approach were needed in caring elderly.
Adult ; *Aged ; *Attitude of Health Personnel ; Female ; Humans ; Nurse-Patient Relations ; Nurses/*psychology ; *Patient Simulation

Determination of immunoglobulin in prostatic secretion and serum by radial immunodiffusion method was used in the diagnosis of prostatitis. The study was performed in 16 normal healthy men and 45 prostatitis patients. The results were as follows; 1 Significant elevation of IgG and IgA in Prostatic fluid of patients with prostatitis was obtained. 2. Ratio of IgA in prostatic secretion to immunoglobulin in serum was increased in patients with prostatitis than normal healthy men.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunodiffusion ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins* ; Male ; Prostatitis*

No abstract available.
Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Cyanosis*

Though the occurrence of multiple primary malignant tumor is a rare finding but the reported cases of it has increased in recent years. We collected multiple primary cancer of different organ, tissue and the multicentric origin of bilaterally paired organs. This paper reports 6 cases of multiple primary malignant tumors which were experienced at Yeungnam university hospital in Taegu during the past 2 years with review of journals. The results were as follows. 1. The incidence of multiple primary cancer was 0.31% for 2 years (1987-1988). 2. The ratio between male and female was 1:1 and mean age of incidence was 54.1 years. 3. The ratio between synchronous and metachronous (interval more than 6 months) was 1:1. 4. The time interval between first and second cancer was average 2.7 years in metachronous cases. 5. The most frequent involved organ was stomach, breast and colon in order of frequency. 6. The incidence of familial cancer associations was found in one out of 6 cases. 7. The test of DNCB, multitest CMI and ratio of T4 to T8 were performed in 4 cases but there was no definitive evidence of abnormality. We concluded that every effort should be made to discover the presence of synchronous malignancies in the patients who are being treated for a known tumor, and also special care should be given to detect new metachronous lesions is required.
Breast ; Colon ; Daegu ; Dinitrochlorobenzene ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Stomach

A bacteriological study was made on 21 cases of the chronic prostatitis suspected by subjective symptoms, microscopic findings of urine, rectal findings of prostate and microscopic findings of prostatic secretion during the period from June to October 1980, and clinical observation was also performed. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The distribution of age showed the highest incidence in 20 to 39 years (16 cases: 76.2%). 2. 13 cases (61.9%) of patients had previously experienced acute or chronic urethritis. 3. Major subjective symptoms consisted of pollakisuria (12 cases: 57.1%), perineal discomfort and urethral discomfort in order of frequency. 4. On rectal palpation of prostate, 18 cases (85.7%) were abnormal in consistency. Most of the prostate were normal in size, but 9 cases enlarged and 1 case was small. 5. Majority of the cases (18 cases: 85.7%) were normal in microscopic examination of urine. 6. In microscopic findings of prostatic secretion, 17 cases (81.0%) showed W.B.C. more than 10/H.P.F. 7. In 21 cases in which urine and prostatic secretion culture were done, microorganisms were cultured in 9 cases (42.9%) and no growth was noted in 12 cases (57.1%). There were 3 cases of mixed infection. The isolated microorganisms revealed 6 cases of Staphylococcus aureus, 3 cases of E. coli, 1 case of Staphylococcus epidermidis, 1 case of Pseudomonas fluoresces and 1 case of Alcaligenes. 8. The mean colony counts were as follows. VB1: 881+/-583 colonies/ml VB2: 123+/-112 colonies/ml EPS: 57,778+/-28,299 colonies/ml VB3: 5,389+/-4,745 colonies/ml There was more predominant growth in EPS and VB3 than VB1 and VB2. 9. Microscopic findings of biopsied prostatic tissue showed infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells in all 4 cases. The results of bacterial culture of prostatic tissue were negative in 2 cases, Staphylococcus aureus in 1 case and E. coli in 1 case. The isolated microorganisms were identical to prostatic secretion cultures. 10. The pH of prostatic secretions were 14 cases (66.7%) in 7.7 to 8.0 and 4 cases (19.0%) in over 8.0. There was no significant difference in pH of prostatic secretions between prostatic secretion culture positive group and culture negative group.
Alcaligenes ; Bacteriology ; Coinfection ; Digital Rectal Examination ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Incidence ; Prostate ; Prostatitis* ; Pseudomonas ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus epidermidis ; Urethritis

BACKGROUND: Postoperative admission to the surgical intensive care unit (S-ICU) is commonly planned to prevent and treat complications, unnecessary admission to the S-ICU increases medical costs and length of hospital stay. This study aimed evaluated outcome and the predictive factors for mortality in patients admitted to the S-ICU after abdominal surgery. METHODS: The 168 patients admitted to the S-ICU immediately after abdominal surgery were reviewed retrospectively from January to December 2011. RESULTS: The mortality rate of patients admitted to the S-ICU after abdominal surgery was 8.9% (15 of 168). Two preoperative factors (body mass index [BMI] < 18.5 kg/m2 [p < 0.001] and serum albumin < 3.0 g/dL [p = 0.018]), two operative factors (the need for transfusion [p = 0.008] or vasopressors [p = 0.013] during surgery), and three postoperative variables (mechanical ventilation immediately following surgery [p < 0.001], sequential organ failure assessment [p = 0.001] and SAPS II [p = 0.001] score) were associated with mortality in univariate analysis. After adjusting for age, gender, and SAPS II by a Cox regression, which revealed that BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 (p < 0.001, hazard ratio [HR] 9.690, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.990-25.258) and the use of mechanical ventilation on admission to S-ICU (p < 0.001, HR 34.671, 95% CI 6.440-186.649) were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: In patients in S-ICU after abdominal surgery, low BMI and postsurgical mechanical ventilation should be considered important predictors of mortality.
Abdomen* ; Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Length of Stay ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis* ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Serum Albumin ; Ventilation