Objective To explore the conditions, safety and efifcacy of exchange transfusion for extremely severe hyper-bilirubinemia in term newborns requiring mechanical ventilation. Methods Ten full-term newborns of extremely severe hyper-bilirubinemia requiring mechanical ventilation were selected from January 2010 to March 2013 in the department of neonatology. After stable vital sign was achieved by the use of conventional life support, peripheral arterial and venous synchronous exchange transfusion was performed. The bilirubin, platelets, blood calcium, blood coagulation and blood gas were monitored before and after exchange transfusion. The effects and adverse events of exchange transfusion in newborns on mechanical ventilation were observed. Results There was no death in the study, and the replacement rate of total bilirubin was 50.5%. The main adverse event was thrombocytopenia (80%). There was a signiifcant difference in platelet counting before and after exchange transfusion (P<0.05). There was no signiifcant difference in blood coagulation, pH/HCO3-of the blood gas, prothrombin time (PT) and acti-vated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) before and after exchange transfusion. Conclusions It is relatively safe to implement an exchange transfusion in the full-term newborns with severe hyperbilirubinemia in newborns requiring mechanical ventilation, but the use of conventional life support is prerequisite because it stabilizes vital signs. The relatively ideal replacement rate of bili-rubin and the low incidence of adverse reactions are expected. However long-term prognosis of neural system is still unknown.

Objective To investigate the infectious status,etiological spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus (group A/B/C),calicivirus (novovirus Ⅰ/Ⅱ,sapovirus),astrovirus and enteric adenovirus in diarrhea cases below 5 years old from 2008 to 2015 in Henan provinces.Methods Totally 2541 stool samples were collected from cases below 5 years old in four sentinel hospitals.All stool specimens were tested for group A rotavirus by double antibody sandwich ELISA method.G/P genotyping of group A rotavirus was determined by nested multiplex PCR.Viral RNA was extracted from all samples and rotavirus (group B/C),calicivirus,astrovirus and enteric adenovirus were detected by two-step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reation (RT-PCR)/PCR.Results One thousand four hundred and twenty-one out of 2 541 samples were positive with a total positive rate of 55 .9%,among which,102 were mixed infection.The isolation rate of rotavirus was 36.0% (914 samples)(group A:785 cases,group B:36 cases,group C:93 cases),calicivirus was 12.1 % (308 samples)(novovirus Ⅰ:64 cases,novovirusⅡ:193 cases,sapovirus:51 cases),astrovirus was 5 .9% (151 samples),enteric adenovirus was 1 .9%(48 samples).The group A rotavirus gene type combinations were composed mainly of G9P[8],G2P[4], G3P[8 ],G1P [8 ]and most cases were identified from September to November and March to May. Novovirus Ⅱ was predominant in calicivirus and most cases were identifed between March and May. Rotavirus or calicivirus infection was mainly among children aged 4—12 months or 3—5 years, respectively.Clinical manifestations included fever,diarrhea,vomiting,dehydration.Gender and region distributions differed according to the types of pathogen.Conclusions Group A rotavirus and novovirus Ⅱare the major viral pathogen in diarrhea cases younger than 5 years old in Henan province.Different viral infections exhibit extinct epidemiologic and clinical characteristics.

Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma has the effects of nourishing and tonifying blood, activating blood and dissipating blood stasis, regulating menstruation and analgetic, which is commonly used Chinese medicine pair (CMP) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinic. It might be an independent formula, and is also usually used in many gynecological formulae and modern TCM prescriptions. This paper mainly analyzed and summarized the compatibility theory, bio-active constituents, compatibility effects and action mechanism, and clinical applications of the CMP, which can provide a basis for the depth research and development of the CMP.
Animals ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

The total effect of Chinese medicine pair (CMP) was not the simply addition of two single herbs, but the interaction of their different components. Therefore, the research on the bio-active components of CMP is the basis of CMP compatibility study, and has important significance for revealing the compatibility effect and action mechanism, and creating traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) new drugs. This paper summed up the latest research progress of CMP on the basis of the bio-active components variation regularity of CMP from chemical solutions and content changes in vitro and the actions of CMP on bodies in vivo, in order to further drive the modern basic and applied research of CMP, and to reveal the scientific essence of CMP compatibility.
Animals ; Drug Compounding ; Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pharmacokinetics

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Transglutaminases ; metabolism

Along with progress of modern science and technology, human is utilizing natural resources and their inherent law more effectively and more efficiently according to their own purposes. Chinese medicine pair (CMP) is relatively fixed combination of two TCMs which was proven to be effective in clinical application. CMP has its inner specification, and it is an intermediate point between single herb and many TCM formulae. With the aid of modern science and technology, and by means of choosing appropriate strategies and approaches, the compatibility rules of CMP might be revealed, which will be significant to develop the compatibility theory of TCM formulae and create modern TCM new drugs.
Animals ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Research Design ; Systems Biology

Chinese medicine pair (CMP) was frequently applied in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinic, and its significance was shown in long-term clinical practices and many accumulated experiences. It is the unique combination of two relatively fixed Chinese medicines in TCM clinic with the basic feature and principle of TCM compatibility, is the most fundamental and the simplest form of TCM formulae with certain theory basis and combinatory reason, which is proven effective. And the unique combination is frequently used for achieving mutual reinforcement or detoxication. CMP is an intermediate point between single herb and many TCM formulae, reflecting the regularity of TCM formulae compatibility and connotation of differential treatment. This paper analyzed and summarized the basic characteristics, development process and research significance of CMP, which aims to lead the modern basic and applied research on compatibility theory of CMP.
Drug Interactions ; History, 16th Century ; History, 17th Century ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; methods

To evaluate the frequency of jak2v617f mutation and analyze its correlation with clinical features of primary thrombocythemia (PT) patients, the mutation was detected by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR), the clinical and laboratory data in 66 PT patients with and without jak2v617f mutation were compared and clinical features of these PT patients were retrospectively analyzed. The results showed that among 66 patients, 27 patients (41%) had the mutation. The patients carrying the mutation displayed higher bone marrow erythropoiesis (26.9%+/-9.4% vs 16.3%+/-8.7%, p<0.05), higher ratio of granulopoiesis/erythropoiesis (2.9+/-1.8 vs 5.2+/-2.9, p<0.05) and higher incidence of microvascular disturbances (29.6% vs 5.1%, p<0.05). However, the age, gender, leukocyte and platelet counts, hemoglobin level, bone granulopoiesis, splenomegaly, history of thrombosis and hemorrhage had no difference between patients with and without the mutation. It is concluded that the frequency of jak2v617f mutation in primary thrombocythemia patients is 41%. The presence of the jak2v617f mutation is associated with a higher bone marrow erythropoiesis in primary thrombocythemia patients at diagnosis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alleles ; Erythropoiesis ; Female ; Humans ; Janus Kinase 2 ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Thrombocythemia, Essential ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Young Adult

Vp1 gene of O type foot-and-mouth diseases virus and M. tuberculosis HSP70 were expressed in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris expression system. The results of cellular immune responses and humoral immune response were examined after BALB/c mice were immunized with fusion protein expressed in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. The genes was cloned into the vector pPICZalpha-A by routine molecular technique. The plasmid fusion (pPICZalphaA-vp1-HSP70) was created that HSP70 located downstream of VP1 gene of O type foot-and-mouth disease virus. Vp1 was expressed by fusing to the amino terminus of M. tuberculosis hsp70 in yeast Pichia pastoris. The recombined fusion plasmid was transformed into methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris X-33 by electrophoration. The recombinant transformants were selected by Zeocin and induced by the addition of methanol every 24h. The expressived product analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The result indicated that the fusion protein(vp1-HSP70) has specific antigenicity. Mice were inoculated transcutaneous three times at a two-weeks interval with fusion protein, PBS and conventional inactivated vaccines. To evaluate the prophylaxtic efficacy of fusion protein, Titers of antibodies was detected by ELISA and proliferation of lymphocytes were determined by MTT. The results indicated that fusion protein could elicit specific humoral immune and cellular immune responses. Compared with conventional inactivated vaccines, fusion protein elicited slightly lower FMDV antibody level but stronger T cell proliferation.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Capsid Proteins ; genetics ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus ; immunology ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Pichia ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology