Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) is a chronic,progressive cholestatic liver disease of unknown cause that usually affects middle-aged women.Ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)is the first selected drug to PBC which has definite effect.Treament of PBC with UDCA combined with immunodepressant become presents research focuses.Liver transplantation is the only treatment of the final stage of PBC.

Based on the cyanidine reaction, a quantitative electrocolorimetric method for the estimation of hesperidin is described. The main steps of the procedure are as follows:Extraction: The sample is washed successively with 95% alcohol and ether until the washings are free from yellow color when alkali is added. The washed sample is then extracted under re fluxing for 90 minutes with 50% alcohol (the best ratio between the sample and alcohol ia 1:100 by weight), filtered while hot, and the filtrates is kept at 70℃ until used.Color producing and comparison: Five ml of the above extract are added into a test tube containing 250 mg of magnesium powder. The tube thus prepared is placed into warm water of 15℃ and 2 ml of cone. HCl are added slowly (0.2 ml for every 2 minutes) with gentle shaking. After the addition of HC1 is completed, the content of the tube is shaken and incubated at 37℃ for 1 hour. The extract is then cooled, filtered and its optical density is determined. The error introduced by the colored sample solution is corrected by setting the optical density reading of the blank at zero before the reading of the unknown. The blank was prepared similarly as the unknown except that the reaction of magnesium powder with added HCl was completed before the addition of sample solution.The hesperidin content of the sample is determined by interpolation of the optical density values on a standard curve prepared by a series of gradient concentration of hesperidin.An amount of 0.025 mg hesperidin in 5 ml solution can be determined quantitatively by this method and the recovery was 97.1-100.3%.

117 guinea pigs were divided into groups, receiving 1mg, 5mg, 50mg and 100mg Vit C per os daily respectively in 2-4 weeks. There were conducted four experiments: (1) the effect of different vitamin C levels on the cold tolerance and adaptation in guinea pigs; (2) effect of large dose of vitemin C on sudden and long time exposure to cold: (3) the action of vitamin C, in large dose and short time in combination with hormones, on cold tolerance of guinea pigs; (4) effect of large dose of vitamin C on the myocardial enzyme activity, during the process of cold adaptation. Rectal temperature, body weight, weight and vitamin C contents of adrenal glands, the excretion of urinary 17-Ketostero'ids, activity of myocardial succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrom C oxidase were observed. The results revealed that large dose of Vitamin C per os might lessen the lowering of rectal temperature and body weight after exposure to cold; promote the activities of myocardial enzymes. Better results were obtained with combination of vitamin C with cortisones. It was noted that large dose of vitamin C apparently increased and accelerated the tolerance and adaptation of organisms to cold.

Objective To compare curative effects between laparoscopic oviduct-sparing operation and medical interventional treatment for the management of tubal pregnancy.Methods A total of 63 patients with tubal pregnancy were randomly divided into two groups.One group underwent laparoscopic salpingotomy and aspiration of the gestational sac content, while the other group underwent intra-tubal injection of methotrexate(MTX).Curative effects of the two procedures were compared.Results Laparoscopic oviduct-sparing operation was successfully performed on one session in 31 out of 32 patients,the success rate being 96.9%.Medical interventional treatment was conducted successfully in 24 out of 31 patients,23 of whom received one dose of MTX and 1 of whom received two doses,the success rate being 77.4%.There was no statistical difference between the two groups in success rates (?~2=3.765,P=0.052).The time for serum ?-hCG to normal levels was significantly shorter in patients receiving laparoscopic oviduct-sparing operation(9.1?2.1 d) than in patients receiving interventional treatment(26.3?3.9 d)(t=-20.974,P=0.000).Conclusions Both laparoscopic oviduct-sparing operation and medical interventional treatment can effectively preserve affected oviduct for patients with tubal pregnancy.As compared with medical interventional treatment,laparoscopic oviduct-sparing operation has a broader range of indications,less side effects,and a shorter recovery time of serum ?-hCG.

Child ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Humans ; Tuberculosis ; diagnosis

AIM To express recombinant human cytochrome P450 3A4 mutants CYP3A4.3, CYP3A4.4, CYP3A4.5 and CYP3A4.18, and to employ them for in vitro metabolism studies of CYP3A4. METHODS Use Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system to recombinant baculovirus carrying cDNA of CYP3A4 mutants CYP3A4.3, CYP3A4.4, CYP3A4.5 and CYP3A4.18. Spodoptera frugiperda 9 (Sf9), cells were co-infected by recombinant viruses of CYP3A4 mutants, human NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase and cytochrome b5 to obtain recombinant proteins CYP3A4.3, CYP3A4.4, CYP3A4.5 and CYP3A4.18 with metabolic activity. RESULTS The mRNA transcription of CYP3A4 mutants in Sf9 cells were validated by RT-PCR. Testosterone and 7-benzyloxy-4-(trifluoromethyl) coumarin were metabolized by the lysates of Sf9 cells infected by the recombinant viruses. CONCLUSION CYP3A4 mutants CYP3A4.3, CYP3A4.4, CYP3A4.5 and CYP3A4.18 with metabolic activity were successfully expressed by baculovirus-insect cell expression system. The results indicated that recombinant CYP3A4. 5 showed lower activity comparing to the wild type protein towards testosterone, while CYP3A4. 18 with higher activity, and for CYP3A4.3 and CYP3A4.4 showing similar activity to the wild type protein.

Objective To investigate the self-management self-efficacy,health-related quality of life of hemodialysis patients and explore the relationship between them. Methods Self-management self-efficacy questionnaire and SF-36 were used,and 55 hemodialysis patients participated in this study. Pearson correlate and regression analysis were used to test the relationship between them. Results 55 questionnaires were available. Positively associated between self-management self-efficacy and HRQOL(r=0.268,P＜0.05);significantly positively associated between physical activity self-efficacy and HRQOL(r=0.409,P＜0.01). Regression analysis showed that physical activity self-efficacy is the factor of HRQOL (t=3.261,P＜0.01).Conclusion Physical activity self-efficacy is the factor of HRQOL in hemodialysis patients,increasing self-management self-efficacy is benefit to their HRQOL.

Gastrodin (GAS) is the major bioactive component of the extracts from the rhizome of Gastrodia elata Blume. The aim of this study is to investigate the transport of GAS in Caco-2 cells and the interaction of P-glycoprotein and GAS. The apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) of GAS were measured as a function of directions and concentrations. It was demonstrated that the efflux ratio was < 2.0 over the range of 50-500 micromol x L(-1) of GAS from bi-directional transport studies. The transport rate of GAS was dependent on the concentrations. Papp of GAS was not affected by transport directions, GAS concentration or the classical inhibitors of P-glycoprotein (verapamil and GF 120918). The cellular accumulation of GAS in Bcap37/MDR1 cells transected with hMDR1 gene, was similar to that in Bcap37 cells. The accumulation in both cell lines was concentration dependent. GAS did not affect the accumulation of Rhodamine 123 in Bcap37/MDR1 cells over the range of 50-500 micromol x L(-1). It indicated that the transport of GAS in Caco-2 cell monolayers mainly is by passive paracellular transport pathway. P-glycoprotein did not participate in the absorption of GAS in the intestine or the transport across the blood-brain barrier.

It has long been concerned about the mechanism , pathology and toxicology of anaesthetic involving drug addiction and its influence on human body .In recent years , as a short non-coding RNA negatively regulating the genes in cells , MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may turn out to be a focus issue which is related to apoptosis , metabolism, inflammation, and tumorigenesis.This article illuminates the influence on gene expression introduced by common anaesthetics and the interaction between gene and its target site . Analyzing the potential medical applications of miRNA , this article reviews the correlation between miRNAs and anaesthetic to provide new evidences in this emerging field .

Objective To investigate abnormal myocardial contractile responses induced by dobutamine in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).Methods Eighteen DCM patients underwent low dosage dobutamine stress echocardiography (5,10,20 ?g?kg~ -1?min~ -1).Transthoracic echocardiogram was recorded with the use of a HP Sonos 5500 color echocardiographic diagnostic system.Wall motions in 16 myocardial segments were assessed using a four-point scale recommended by the American Society of Echocardiography.During dobutamine infusion,abnormally contracting segments were classified into four different patterns of contractile response: improved,unchanged,worsened and biphasic.Unchanged,worsened and biphasic segments were defined as abnormal contractile responses.Worsened and biphasic segments were judged to be ischemia-like responses.Results All patients showed abnormal myocardial contractile responses of wall motions (100%),and thirteen were ischemia-like responses ( 72.2%).In total 225 segments,126 segments showed abnormal contractile responses ( 56.0%).Among them,97 segments were unchanged segments ( 43.1%),29 segments were ischemia-like responses ( 12.9%),in which 16 segments were worsened ( 7.1%),and 13 segments were biphasic ( 5.8%).The statistical analysis showed that incidence of improved segments was highest in two point segments( 62.1%) compared with three point and four point segments; incidence of ischemia-like responses was highest in three point segments( 24.6%); incidence of unchanged segments was highest in four point segments( 68.4%).Conclusions DCM has the abnormal myocardial contractile responses induced by dobutamine stress echocardiography.It indicates there is the ischemia-like energy mismatch between demand and supply in DCM,which would be related to etiology and progress of DCM.