No abstract available in English.
Acromioclavicular Joint ; Dislocations ; Methods

No abstract available.
Fetus* ; Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin*

Purpose: Many studies have been conducted on the cause of the medial meniscus posterior horn root (MMPHR) tears. A previous study reported that the relatively large size of the medial femoral condyle (MFC) compared to the size of the medial tibial condyle (MTC) could cause a tear of the MMPHR. The authors conducted a study to confirm that this was correct. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the knee at our Hospital from March 2011 to April 2019 were divided into a group with a tear of MMPHR and a control group without a tear. The size (MFC, MTC) and relative size ratio of the MFC and the MTC (MFC/MTC) were measured and compared to determine if there was any correlation with the tear of MMPHR. Results: The mean MFC size of the 175 patients with MMPHR tear was 24.6±2.1 mm (0°), 23.5±2.1 mm (30°), 24.1±2.2 mm (60°), and the mean MTC size was 28.2±2.2 mm. The mean size of the MFC of the 147 control subjects was 25.2±2.4 mm (0°), 23.9±2.3 mm (30°), and 24.5±2.6 mm (60°), and the mean size of the MTC was 29.0±2.6 mm. The mean ratios (MFC/MTC) of the 175 patients with MMPHR tears were 0.87±0.05 (0°), 0.83±0.04 (30°), and 0.85±0.05 (60°) for each location. The corresponding mean ratios (MFC/MTC) of the 147 control subjects were 0.87±0.05 (0°), 0.83±0.04 (30°), and 0.85±0.05 (60°). There was no significant difference between the patient group and the control group. Conclusion The size and relative ratio of MFC and MTC do not appear to be related to a tear of the MMPHR.

No abstract available.
Eclampsia* ; Female ; Pregnancy

Isolated ACTH deficiency is a uncommon disorder causing secondary adrenocortical insufficiency. Less than 200 cases have been reported in the world. The major clinical manifestations are hypoglycemia, weight loss, hypotension, anemia, weakness, nausea, inability to excrete water load, and hyponatremia. A 56-year-old male was admitted because of weakness, fatigue, nausea and vomiting. He was pallor and not associated with hyperpigmentation. The basal plasma ACTH and cortisol levels were 8.30 pg/ml and 0.6 ug/dl. The serum cortisol did not response to rapid ACTH stimulation test. On combined pituitary stimulation test, the cortisol did not response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Other anterior pituitary hormones showed normal responses except elevated prolactin level. Six months after glucocorticoid replacement therapy, the elevated basal prolactin level returned to normal. Brain MRI did not show any anatomic abnormalities of the sellar and suprasella area. We report a case of isolated ACTH deficiency accompanied by hyperprolactineia, which respond to glucocorticoid replacement therapy.
Adrenal Insufficiency ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone* ; Anemia ; Brain ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hyperpigmentation ; Hyperprolactinemia* ; Hypoglycemia ; Hyponatremia ; Hypotension ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Pallor ; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior ; Plasma ; Prolactin ; Vomiting ; Water ; Weight Loss

BACKGROUND: Thread lift is a minimally invasive procedure for facial rejuvenation, but complications of thread lift have been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes and safety associated with elastic lift in relation to midface and upper mandibular region lifting. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with sagging and laxity of the facial skin treated with elastic lift from September 2015 to October 2015 were enrolled in this study. Treatment was performed following the manufacturer's recommended protocol that called for 300 treatment lines. To evaluate elastic lift safety, a retrospective chart review was conducted. We used an automatic skin diagnosis system to evaluate the efficacy of elastic lift. RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients were female, and one patient was male. The mean age of the patients was 40.4 years, and their mean follow-up period was 3 months. There were no major complications manifesting in removal of the elastic thread during the follow-up period. The median skin laxity grade score was 5 (3-6) before surgery; the median skin laxity grade score was 3 (2-4) 3 months post-surgery, resulting in a statistically significant difference in skin grade score (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Facial rejuvenation using elastic lift is an effective and safe procedure in select patients with midface ptosis and moderate jowls.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lifting ; Male ; Rejuvenation* ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin

Purpose: To report two rare cases of cortical blindness resulting from posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusion after laminectomy and laparoscopic gastrectomy under general anesthesia.Case summary: (Case 1) A 65-year-old man presented with visual loss after a bone graft and total laminectomy for spinal stenosis under general anesthesia. His best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was hand motion in both eyes. The pupillary light reflex was normal, and a relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) was not observed. Slit-lamp microscopy and fundus examination were normal. Using brain computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and angiography, a PCA infarction was detected. His left 2b PCA was reperfused after intra-arterial thrombolysis. However. he still had left homonymous hemianopia and right homonymous superior quadrantanopia. (Case 2) A 64-year-old man was referred for visual loss in the recovery room after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy under general anesthesia. His BCVA was finger counting for the right eye and hand motion for the left eye. His pupillary light reflex was normal. A RAPD was not observed. Slit-lamp microscopy and a fundus examination were normal. Using a brain MRI and angiography, PCA infarctions were detected. Echocardiography showed an atherosclerotic change with a mobile plaque. Anticoagulation therapy was started, but he still had left homonymous hemianopia and right homonymous inferior quadrantanopia. Conclusions Cortical blindness caused by non-ophthalmological surgery under general anesthesia is known for severe complications and poor prognoses. Therefore, it is crucial to identify patients with high risks of complications to prevent ophthalmic complications resulting in visual losses before surgery.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to provide guidelines for the diagnosis and successful treatment of orthodontic treatment with upper premolar extraction only. METHODS: The sample group consisted of 40 patients (20 with upper premolar extraction only, 20 with both upper and lower premolar extractions) who showed an overjet of more than 7 mm and were finished successfully. Lateral cephalographs were taken before and after orthodontic treatment. Landmarks showing the position of the upper and lower incisors and the position of the upper and lower lip were determined and angular measurement of these values were obtained for statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney test). RESULTS: At pre-treatment, the position of the lower incisor was less labially inclined and the convexity of the lower lip was smaller in the upper premolar extraction only group than in the upper/lower premolar extraction group. At post-treatment, there was no difference in all measurements except for the position of the lower incisor. A comparison of changes between pre- and post-treatment showed that the retraction of upper & lower incisors and the decrease in convexity of the lower lip were greater in the upper/lower premolar extraction group. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment by upper premolar extraction can be of benefit for patients whose lower incisor proclination and lower lip protrusion are not excessive.
Bicuspid* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incisor ; Lip

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there is a significant effect of growth hormone(GH) treatment with diet and exercise over the diet and exercise alone in obese non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM). METHOD: Twenty obese NIDDM adults were studied. We measured the body weight, body composition and exercise capacity before and after 12 weeks of treatment program. The subjects were assigned in a double-blind manner either to the diet, aerobic exercise with placebo treatment group(group A) or to the diet, aerobic exercise with GH treatment group(group B) for twenty-week period. Two groups were compared for the demographic data. RESULTS: After 12-weeks of treatment program, each group showed a significant weight loss (group A: 8.54+/-2.29 kg vs group B: 7.14+/-2.99 kg) than before the treatment, however there was no significant weight loss between two groups. After 12-weeks, the fat fraction of body weight loss was significantly higher in group B than group A(0.80+/-0.40%kg versus 0.55+/-0.30%kg). After 12-weeks, the maximal oxygen consumption was similarly increased in both groups(23.75% in the group A versus 29.2% in the group B). After 12-weeks, the peak torque was similarly increased in both groups(9.7% in the group A versus 17.3% in the group B). After 12-weeks, the endurance was similarly increased in both groups(10.1% in the group A versus 8.1% in the group B). CONCLUSION: Both group A and B showed a significant weight loss and resulted in a comparable gain in the muscle strength, endurance, and maximal oxygen consumption. The addition of GH in a low dose to a the calorie-restricted diet and aerobic exercise resulted in a significant fat loss especially around the visceral area.
Adult ; Body Composition ; Body Weight ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Diet* ; Exercise ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Muscle Strength ; Obesity ; Oxygen Consumption ; Torque ; Weight Loss

BACKGROUND: It is not known with certainty whether patients with persistently positive sputum smear results who have also had negative sputum culture results require prolongation of treatment for tuberculosis in order to avoid an increased risk of eventual relapse. The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively describe the treatment characteristics and evaluate the appropriate duration of treatment in these patients. METHODS: Sixty of 69 patients with sputum smear positive and culture negative tests at 5 months after first line anti-tuberculous chemotherapy from 2002 to 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. Exclusion criteria included incomplete treatment or resistance to rifampicin or two additional antibiotics, as determined by a drug susceptibility test (DST). RESULTS: Smear conversion of the study subjects was observed after 8.3+/-2.3 months treatment, and the patients were culture negative after 2.0+/-0.8 months. The relapse rates of the study subjects were 3.8, 10.0, and 25.8% after 1, 2, and 5 years of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, respectively. The relapse rates were not significantly affected by a series of risk factors such as age, sex, presence of diabetes, a sputum culture examination after 2 months treatment, previous treatment history, chest radiograph, and duration of the treatment (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Regimen change is not required for patients with persistent smear positive but culture negative tests in the fifth month for first line antituberculous treatment. However, a further study will be needed to clarify the high relapse rate in this specific group of patients.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rifampin ; Risk Factors ; Sputum* ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary