Urinary retention is a common complication after abdominal surgery. Urinary retention causes infection and damage to the urinary system, prolonging hospital stays and increasing health care costs in the end. Because medical personnel tend to regard urinary retention as not being a serious problem, it is hard to find any method which decrease the postoperative urinary retention. There are few papers reporting the incidence and the factors which influence the postoperative urinary retention. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of postoperative urinary retention and to identify the factors which affect the postoperative urinary retention. We retrospectively reviewed 296 patients out of 338, who had been undergone laparotomy under spinal or general endotracheal anesthesia during a three month period from January to March 1998. We reviewed nursing, anesthetic and operative records. Among the 296 patients, male were 189(63.9%) and female were 107(36.1%). Postoperative urinary retention occurred in 71 patients(24%). The incidence rate was higher in female patients than in male (M : F=18% : 35%). Factors that in fluence the incidence of postoperative urinary retention were sex, duration of operation, the amount of fluid given the patient, preoperative history of dysuria, and preoperative insertion of a urinary catheter. Among those factors, preoperative urinary catheter insertion is the most effective preventive measure in lowering the incidence of postoperative urinary retention (Spearman correlation coefficient, r=-.462). Shortening the operation time and sparing the fluid which is infused during operation are important in preventing postoperative urinary retention. Preoperative urinary catheter insertion may be helpful in lowering urinary retention in those patients who have a possibility of postoperative urinary retention.
Anesthesia ; Dysuria ; Female ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparotomy* ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Nursing ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Retention*

PURPOSE: This study was to examine the effects of tailored drug-related side effects management program using video designed to help patients with schizophrenia with self-control ability of drug-related side effects, attitude, and adherence to medication. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used. The participants were 51 patients with schizophrenia, 26 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group. The tailored drug-related side effects management program using video was conducted for the experimental group twice a week for 60 minutes/session for 4 weeks. The self-control ability for drug-related side effects, attitude and adherence of medication were measured before and after the experiment. Data were analyzed by using IBM SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. RESULTS: At follow-up, we found statistically significant increases in self-control ability for drug-related side effects, attitude and adherence of medication for the experimental group. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that tailored drug-related side effects management program using video was to increase self-control ability for drug-related side effects, attitude and adherence of medication in patients with schizophrenia.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Medication Adherence ; Schizophrenia*

No abstract available.
Granuloma, Foreign-Body* ; Mesotherapy*

No abstract available.
Iron* ; Skin Pigmentation*

No abstract available.
Occupations

BACKGROUND: Chondroid syringoma is a rare benign tumor composed of epithelial and stromal elements. Studies of chondroid syringoma are lacking in Korea and controversy still exists regarding the stromal cell origins. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of chondroid syringoma in Korea. METHODS: We included 23 patients who were diagnosed with chondroid syringoma. RESULTS: There was a predilection for males (M : F=2.3 : 1), and the mean patient age was 50.4+/-15.4 years (range 22~78 years), peaking in the forties. Of the 23 cases, 22 (95.7%) had it on the head and neck. There were 21 apocrine type cases and 2 eccrine type cases. Apocrine type cases showed decapitation secretion as well as follicular and sebaceous differentiations. Myxohyaline matrix was present in all cases, and in some cases, chondroid, lipomatous, and osseous metaplasias were also observed. In apocrine type cases, inner cell layers displaying tubuloglandular structures expressed cytokeratin, carcino-embryonic antigen, and epithelial membrane antigen, while outer cell layers expressed vimentin, S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, and smooth muscle actin. Stromal cell immunophenotypes were similar to those of the outer layer. CONCLUSION: Chondroid syringoma was most commonly observed on the head and neck in middle-aged males. The apocrine type was far more common than the eccrine type and showed various differentiating characteristics. The matrix may contain myxohyaline stroma with alterations, including chondroid, lipomatous, and osseous metaplasias. Our immunohistochemical study suggests that myoepithelial cells play an important role in the histogenesis of chondroid syringoma and matrix production.
Actins ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic* ; Decapitation ; Head ; Humans ; Keratins ; Korea ; Male ; Metaplasia ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neck ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; S100 Proteins ; Stromal Cells ; Vimentin

Halo nevus is a pigmented nevus surrounded by a round or oval depigmentation. Of patients with halo nevus, 18 to 26% patients have vitiligo, either involving the nevus or at a distant site. While the exact etiology of halo formation and vitiligo is unknown, several theories suggest that common immunologic mechanisms are involved in the destruction of melanocytes of both phenomena. Unlike common melanocytic nevus, congenital nevus associated with both halo formation and concurrent extralesional vitiligo is very uncommon and only one case has been reported in the Korean dermatological literature. A 19-year-old female presented with surrounding depigmentation around a congenital hairy nevus on the left forearm. Simultaneously, vitiligo appeared on the lowerabdomen and surrounding regions of both areola. The halo depigmented lesion around congenital nevus and the periareolar vitiliginous lesion shared some histological and immunohistochemical features. These findings further support common immunological mechanisms of pigment destruction in both phenomena.
Female ; Forearm ; Humans ; Melanocytes ; Nevus ; Nevus, Halo ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Vitiligo ; Young Adult

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a fibrohistiocytic tumor with intermediate malignancy that usually appears in adults. The congenital type is very rare, and only three cases have been reported so far in the Korean literature. A 2-month-old girl presented with a firm reddish-gray nodule on the middle of her back that had been present since birth. Histopathologically, the lesion was composed of fascicles of densely packed uniform spindle cells arranged in a storiform (mat-like) pattern. The cells had hyperchromatic nuclei and rare mitotic figures. On immunohisto-chemistry, the tumor cells were positive for CD34. Based on these findings, we made the diagnosis of congenital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. She underwent wide excision, and there was no evidence of recurrence during 24 months of follow-up. Our report is of interest because of the rarity of congenital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and its earliest detection reported in Korea.
Adult ; Dermatofibrosarcoma* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea ; Parturition ; Recurrence

Rippled-pattern sebaceoma, a very rare histologic variant of sebaceoma, manifests as a peculiar arrangement of basaloid cells in linear and parallel rows, resembling Verocay bodies. It represents dermal aggregations composed of small, monomorphous, basaloid, sebaceous germinative cells. It has a tendency to occur in men, with the scalp as the predilection site. To our knowledge, only one case has been reported to date in the Korean dermatologic literature. Here, we report a case of rippled-pattern sebaceoma that appeared as a flesh nodule on the occiput and had been present for 4 years in a 41-year-old man.
Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Scalp

Malignant transformation of hidroacanthoma simplex into in situ porocarcinoma, also known as hidroacanthoma simplex with invasive growth, is very rare. Malignant hidroacanthoma simplex generally arises in the elderly and occurs most frequently on the lower extremities and trunk. The gross appearance of the tumor tends to vary, and there are nodular lesions or keratotic plaques with or without erosion and/or ulceration. In some cases, it clinically resembles Bowen's disease or seborrheic keratosis. Histopathologically, the tumor appears similar to hidroacanthoma simplex, but the cells are atypical with hyperchromatic nuclei, and many are in mitosis. Here we report an extremely rare case of malignant hidroacanthoma simplex that occurred on the right knee of an 84-year-old Korean woman.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bowen's Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; Knee ; Lower Extremity ; Mitosis ; Ulcer