PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of high dose corticosteroid and optic canal decompression on the traumatic optic nerve injury. METHODS: Twenty six patients who were diagnosed to have traumatic optic nerve injury, were divided into two groups in which one group received corticosteroid therapy while the other group underwent optic canal decompression combined with corticosteroid therapy. RESULTS: Visual acuity increased by > OR =3 lines of LogMAR scale in 47% of the corticosteroid group, in 28% of operation and steroid group, and in 42% of overall cases. But the degree of visual acuity improvement had no difference between two groups(p=0.72). As the patients were divided into two groups based on initial visual acuity such as no light perception and light perception or better, the initial visual acuity did not have influence on the final visual outcome in both corticosteroid group and operation and steroid group(p=0.78, p=0.33). CONCLUSIONS: This result suggest that effect of high dose corticosteroid and optic canal decompression on traumatic optic nerve injury is not different.
Decompression* ; Humans ; Optic Nerve Injuries* ; Optic Nerve* ; Visual Acuity

A 65-year-old man with diabetes mellitus was presented with left visual aura, followed by a versive seizure, each lasting approximately 3 minutes. Neurological examination showed an intermittent left homonymous hemianopsia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed right occipital lobe lesion, with cytotoxic edema. Blood glucose was 593 mg/dL and serum osmolarity was 309 mOsm/kg. The seizures were controlled by normalization of blood sugar and short-term anticonvulsant, and the lesions were resolved in a follow-up MRI. We report a case of visual seizures associated with non-ketotic hyperglycemia.
Aged ; Blood Glucose ; Brain ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Edema ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Partial, Motor ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemianopsia ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurologic Examination ; Occipital Lobe ; Osmolar Concentration ; Seizures

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate value of diagnostic tool for vocal cord palsy utilizing artificial intelligence without laryngoscopeMaterials and Method A dataset consisting of recordings from patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis (n=54) as well as normal individuals (n=163). The dataset included prolonged pronunciations of the vowels /ah/, /u/, /i/, and vocal cord data from paralyzed patients. Various acoustic parameters such as Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, jitter, shimmer, harmonics-to-noise ratio, and fundamental frequency statistics were analyzed. The classification of vocal cord paralysis encompassed paralysis status, paralysis degree, and paralysis location. The deep learning model employed the leave-one-out method, and the feature set with the highest performance was selected using the following methods. Results: Vocal Cord Paralysis Classifier: The classifier accurately distinguished normal voice from vocal cord paralysis, achieving an accuracy and F1 score of 1.0. Paralysis Location Classifier: The classifier accurately differentiated between median and paramedian vocal cord paralysis, achieving an accuracy and micro F1 score of 1.0. Breathiness Degree Classifier: The classifier achieved an accuracy of 0.795 and a mean absolute error of 0.2857 in distinguishing different degrees of breathiness. Conclusion Although the small sample size raises concerns of potential overfitting, this preliminary study highlights distinctive acoustic features in cases of unilateral vocal fold paralysis compared to those of normal individuals. These findings suggest the feasibility of determining the presence, degree, and location of paralysis through the utilization of acoustic parameters. Further research is warranted to validate and expand upon these results.

No abstract available.
Echocardiography* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

PURPOSE: Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is a commonly used drug for eclampsia prophylaxis and the first choice tocolytic agent for preterm labor. Recently it has been reported to have a fetal neuroprotective effect. This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of antenatal magnesium sulfate exposure on perinatal outcomes in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) with maternal preeclampsia. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of VLBWIs (n=81) with maternal preeclampsia (June 2005 through June 2012), who had been admitted to the NICU at Ewha Womans University Mok Dong Hospital. Clinical characteristics and neonatal complications were analyzed according to the antenatal exposure to MgSO4. Antenatal MgSO4 exposure was the only medication that had been administered up to the period of delivery. RESULTS: Among 81 neonates, 20 neonates were exposed to antenatal MgSO4. Mean gestational age was low in MgSO4 exposed group [29.5+/-2.8 vs. 31.6+/-2.3 weeks (P=0.02)]. The incidence of significant patent ductus arteriosus (S-PDA) was higher in MgSO4 exposed group after adjustment by gestational age (P=0.02). There were no differences between the two groups with regard to rates of respiratory distress syndrome, use of ventilator, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia and mortality. CONCLUSION: Antenatal MgSO4 exposure was associated with a higher risk of significant PDA in VLBWIs with maternal preeclampsia.
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Eclampsia ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Leukomalacia, Periventricular ; Magnesium ; Magnesium Sulfate ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventilators, Mechanical

No abstract available.
Gingiva* ; Periodontitis ; Protein Isoforms* ; Superoxide Dismutase* ; Superoxides*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the essential structure of the lived experience of working mothers' parenting burden in Korea. METHODS: Eight working mothers with young children were interviewed. The Colaizzi analysis of phenomenological research was applied. RESULTS: Seven theme clusters were extracted: a life with constant conflict, sense of guilt, feeling anxious because of lack of information about education for their children, social stigma as a deficient mother, family relationship becoming distant, a life being exhausted, day to day struggle. CONCLUSION: These results provide an opportunity to have a better understanding of the experiences of working mothers related to parenting their young children. It would also serve as a medium for the formulation of appropriate nursing intervention relevant to burdens of parenthood.
Child ; Family Relations ; Guilt ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers ; Parenting ; Parents ; Social Stigma

The long-term clinical issues in Kawasaki disease are concerned with the coronary artery lesions that result in aneurysmal formation, thrombotic occlusion, progression to ischemic heart disease, and premature atherosclerosis. We here report a 3 month old infant with Kawasaki disease complicated by giant coronary aneurysm with thrombosis. After urokinase(10,000 IU/kg) and heparin(400 IU/kg) were injected for two days as thrombolytic agents, thrombi were successfully dissolved. Even though long-term oral anticoagulation with low-dose aspirin, dipyridamole and coumadin were administered, thrombosis of the left main coronary artery was slowly increased. five years later, coronary angiography showed nearly total occlusion of the left anterior descending artery and collaterals from the right posterior branch and radionuclide scan demonstrated complete reversible perfusion defect of several portions of the left ventricle.
Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Aspirin ; Atherosclerosis ; Child* ; Coronary Aneurysm* ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels ; Dipyridamole ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Infant ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Perfusion ; Thrombolytic Therapy* ; Thrombosis* ; Warfarin

Gastric bezoars are collection of indigestible material in the stomach, and these can be classified into five broad categories: phytobezoar, trichobezoar, pharmacobezoar, lactobezoar and miscellaneous materials such as sand, stone and concrete (gypsum). The treatment of gastric bezoars has recently changed from surgical management to such nonsurgical interventions as enzymatic dissolution, nasogastric suctioning and endoscopic removal by polypectomy snare and basket. Up to the present, electrohydraulic lithotripsy has been a well established method for the treatment of urinary and hepatobiliary stones. We report here on a patient who had a huge gastric bezoar that was formed by the ingestion of gypsum, and this was treated with endoscopic electrohydraulic lithotripsy.
Bezoars* ; Calcium Sulfate* ; Eating* ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Lithotripsy* ; Silicon Dioxide ; SNARE Proteins ; Stomach ; Suction

Peritonitis is a major complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and it remains the leading cause of patient droupout. VRE is a very serious pathogen because it is difficult to eradicate due to very limited effective antibiotics and because there is a possibility of transfer of this resistance to other gram-positive organisms including Staphylo-coccus aureus. We experienced a case of CAPD peritonitis by VRE, which was treated with high dose ampicillin and streptomycin without removal of CAPD catheter. We report our experience of CAPD peritonitis caused by VRE and review the literature.
Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Catheters ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Peritonitis* ; Streptomycin ; Vancomycin*