OBJECTIVES: The authors have intended to know the drug interaction of fluoxetine and haloperidol when coadministering two drugs to the chronic schizophrenics by assessing the changes of positive, negative symptoms and extrapyramidal symptoms. METHOD: We selected 38 patients, the chronic schizophrenics with no physical problems. they are randomly assigned to placebo group and drug group. And then, placebo or fluoxetine 20mg were administered to the subjects of each group during 8 week period. We have assessed their psychopathology and extrapyramidal symptoms using positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS), Clinical Global Impression(CGI), Simpson-Angus Scale at o, 2, 4, 6, 8 week during the period. RESULTS: 38 patients have completed the study during 8 week. 1) PANSS, CGI : no significant difference between groups and no significant change according to the times. 2) Simpson-Angus Scale : no significant changes. CONCLUSION: When co-administering fluoxetine and haloperidol, there were no significant changes of psychopathology and extrapyramidal symptoms. There results suggest that it is safe to coadminister fluoxetine to schizophrenic with haloperidol treatment.
Drug Interactions ; Fluoxetine* ; Haloperidol* ; Humans ; Psychopathology*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors and clinical features related to esophagitis and gastritis in the newborn. METHODS: From January 1995 to July 2002, twenty-six neonates were diagnosed as having esophagitis and/or gastritis. The clinical and demographic data of the patients and their mothers were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: Twelve males and 14 females were studied. All but one premature infant were full-term. All the babies had a birth weight that was appropriate for their gestational age. The risk factors related to esophagitis and gastritis were not found. The clinical symptoms leading to endoscopy were frequent regurgitation or vomiting, hematemesis and poor feeding. Esophagitis by itself was found in 4 cases, gastritis alone was found in 13 cases and esophagitis associated with gastritis was found in 9 cases. The endoscopic findings of esophagitis showed somewhat severe lesions that consisted of multiple erosions or a fibrinous exudate. The gastric lesions were petechiae and aphthous ulcers on congestive mucosa. All the infants were treated with antisecretory drugs, and transfusion was done in 4 cases and hemoclipping was done in 2 cases. The clinical symptoms resolved rapidly with treatment. All the patients fully recovered without disease recurrence. CONCLUSION: The clinical features and endoscopic findings of esophagogastritis in the neonates were quite different from those features and findings in the older children and adults. Esophagitis may be characterized by frequent association with gastritis.
Adult ; Birth Weight ; Child ; Endoscopy ; Esophagitis* ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Exudates and Transudates ; Female ; Fibrin ; Gastritis* ; Gestational Age ; Hematemesis ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Male ; Mothers ; Mucous Membrane ; Purpura ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stomatitis, Aphthous ; Vomiting

In order to evaluate psychiatric symptoms in survivors of the Sampoong accident, we interviewed 624 survivors of the accident. The most common complaint of the subjects was sleep disturbance(54.2%). And then, headache(31.8%), irritability and anger(23.3%), intense distress over reminders(24.2%) followed. Common somatic complaints were headache, chest discomfort, extremity pain, backache, and gastrointestinal discomfort. This study revealed that most of the subjects had various psychiatric symptoms after the Sampoong accident.
Back Pain ; Extremities ; Headache ; Humans ; Survivors* ; Thorax

Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma complicated in diabetes mellitus has been a rare cause of rhabdomyolysis, although increasingly reported recently. Acute renal failure can be complicated in 15 percent of rhabdomyolysis patients, but is rare in the case of rhabdomyolysis caused by diabetic hyperosomolar nonketotic coma. We report a 14 years-old boy with acute renal failure complicated by rhabdomyolysis caused by diabetic hyperosmolar coma.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Adolescent ; Child* ; Coma* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Male ; Rhabdomyolysis*

PURPOSE: Septic arthritis is uncommon in neonates, and the diagnosis of septic arthritis in newborns is difficult because of non-specific laboratory findings and paucity of signs and symptoms. When appropriate treatment is delayed, permanant sequelae are inevitable. We report a retrospective study of 22 neonates who were diagnosed with septic arthritis. METHODS: We reviewed 22 patients, who were diagnosed with septic arthritis in the nursery room of Pusan National University Hospital, between July 1, 1995 and December 31, 2003. We investigated demographic features, predisposing factors, symptoms and signs, involving sites, diagnostic methods, laboratory findings, causative organisms, treatments and outcomes in these neonates. RESULTS: The mean age was 16.6 days(range 7-40 days). The male to female ratio was 1.44 : 1 with male predominance. Five of 22 neonates were prematurity. Eleven neonates were diagnosed with septic arthritis in hospitalization. Septic arthritis was multifocal in 22.7% and involved the hip joint most frequently(12 cases, 14 joints). Of diagnostic imaging studies, MRI was most sensitive, with four positivity in five cases. An etiologic organism was isolated from 11(50%) : Staphylococcus aure us, 7; GBS, 2; coagulase (-) staphylococcus, 1; Klebsiella pneumoniae 1. Of 13 surgical specimens from joint fluid, two were positive. Four neonates had sequelae over 1 year follow-up, three were in knee joints and one in the hip joint. CONCLUSION: Four of 22 neonates who suffered from septic arthritis had sequelae, two were premature and three were diagnosed in hospitalization. To decrease hospital-acquired infections would decrease the incidence of septic arthritis and the frequency of permanant sequelae in neonates.
Arthritis, Infectious* ; Busan ; Causality ; Coagulase ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Joint ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Joints ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Knee Joint ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Nurseries ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcus

Left atrial thrombus is frequently associated with rheumatic mitral valvular heart disease. Left atrial thrombus is usually attached to the atrial wall, but rarely it is freely floating in the cavity. In that case the patient may present with the symptoms of acute hemodynamic decompensation due to the so-called "hole-in-one" effect or multiple systemic embolism. We report a case of multiple systemic embolism associated with left atrial free-floating ball thrombus in mitral valvular heart disease.
Echocardiography ; Embolism* ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Thrombosis*

Myocardial bridging is defined that short segments of coronary artery descend into the myocardium for a variable distance and each systolic contraction of these fibers can cause narrowing of the artery. Systolic narrow-ing may rarely be caused by connective tissue such as fibrous band. Myocardial ischemia, infarction and sudden death may be seen in some patients with myocardial bridging. Myocardial infarction in association with isolated myocardial bridges with systolic narrowing is uncommon. We report a case of Q wave myocardial infarction in a patient with angiographic systolic narrowing at the middle segment left anterior descending coronary artery which was caused by fibrous band.
Arteries ; Connective Tissue ; Coronary Vessels ; Death, Sudden ; Humans ; Infarction ; Myocardial Bridging* ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Myocardium

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of localized resectable genitourinary sarcomas in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between September, 1996 and November, 2008, 18 consecutive cases of adults (12 men and 6 women; median age 48.8 years) who were treated for primary genitourinary sarcomas were identified. The following variables were analyzed: patient age, gender, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, primary organ, tumor histology, size, necrosis, Federation Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer (FNCLCC) grade, and surgical margin positivity. Recurrence-free survival and disease-specific survival were the study end-points. RESULTS: The most common presenting symptom was a palpable mass (six cases, 33.3%), the most common site was the kidney (six cases, 33.3%), and the most common histological subtype was leiomyosarcoma (eight patients, 44.4%). Complete resection with negative surgical margins was achieved in 13 patients (72.2%). The median follow-up period was 49.9 months (range 6.4 to 147.6). The recurrence-free survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 81.6%, 66.5%, and 66.5%, respectively. Recurrence-free survival only associated significantly with ASA score (p=0.018). The disease-specific survival rate at 1, 3, and 5 years was 88.9%, 76.2%, and 67.7%, respectively. Disease-specific survival was associated significantly only with FNCLCC grade (p=0.042). CONCLUSION: Although genitourinary sarcomas in adults are a rare group of tumors with a poor prognosis, some patients may have a favorable prognosis. Our findings suggest that FNCLCC grade is the most important prognostic factor for these patients.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Grading ; Prognosis ; Republic of Korea ; Sarcoma/metabolism/pathology/*surgery ; Urogenital Neoplasms/metabolism/pathology/*surgery ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and adverse side-effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). METHODS: Forty-one patients who had been treated with GH for more than two years (24 boys and 17 girls, mean age 7.3+/-3.3 years during treatment initiation) were enrolled for this study. RESULTS: After 2 years of GH therapy, the height and weight standard deviation scores (SDS) increased significantly (- 1.19+/-1.37 vs. - 0.02+/-1.45, and 1.02+/-2.42 vs. 1.63+/-2.22, P<0.002); however the percentage body fat decreased (44.6+/-9.9% vs. 38.1+/-10.5%, P<0.001). Further, no change was observed in the thyroid and serum glucose levels, but the total cholesterol level decreased. GH therapy did not impact glucose control in the patients with diabetes. The most common adverse effects of GH therapy were the progression of scoliosis and adenoid hypertrophy. CONCLUSION: GH therapy improved the height SDS and body composition in patients with PWS. However, GH should be used with caution in patients with scoliosis and adenoid hypertrophy.
Adenoids ; Adipose Tissue ; Body Composition ; Child ; Cholesterol ; Glucose ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Prader-Willi Syndrome ; Scoliosis ; Thyroid Gland

BACKGROUNDS: In the absence of distant metastasis, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients presenting with supraclavicular lymph node (SCLN) involvement and pleural effusion can benefit from thoracic radiotherapy. But there are some debate as to the prognostic significance of both SCLN involvement and pleural effusion. The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of SCLN involvement and pleural effusion in SCLC. METHODS: Two Hundred and fifteen patients with histologically confirmed small cell lung cancer, who were treated either at the Keimyung university Dongsan hospital and Kyungpook national university hospital from January 1994 to June 1998, were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were classified as having either limited or extensive stage using the Veterans Administration staging system. RESULTS: SCLN was presented in 10.5% of patients(n=21). The median survival was 247 days for patients with SCLN(n=21) and 264 days for patients without(n=194) (p=0.52). After treatment, the median survival was 298 days for patients with SCLN(n=13) and 348 days for patients without(n=115) (p=0.52). SCLN involvement was not correlated with the presence of distant metastases. Medican survival was 459 days for patients with a limited stage without SCLN(n=66), 650 days for those with a limited stage with SCLN (n=7) (p=0.96). Pleural effusion was presented in 24.7% of patients(n=52). The median survival was 198 days for patients with pleural effusion(n=52) and 275 days for patients without(n=163) (p<0.05). After treatment, the median survival was 294 days for patients with a pleural effusion(n=25) and 286 days for patients without(n=103) (p=0.39). The presence of pleural effusion was not correlated with that of distant metastases. The median survival was 395 days for patients with a limited stage without a pleural effusion(n=63), 451 days for those with a limited stage with pleural effusion(n=10) (p=0.92). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, SCLN involvement does not explain the poor survival rate and the relevance to extensive staged disease. Furthermore, the existence of a pleural effusion did not correlated with the presence of distant metastases. However, the presence of a pleural effusion appears to be a minor prognostic factor in our study. Therefore supraclavicular lymph node justify any amendment to the staging system currently used.
Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pleural Effusion* ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma* ; Survival Rate ; United States Department of Veterans Affairs