OBJECTIVES: The authors have intended to know the drug interaction of fluoxetine and haloperidol when coadministering two drugs to the chronic schizophrenics by assessing the changes of positive, negative symptoms and extrapyramidal symptoms. METHOD: We selected 38 patients, the chronic schizophrenics with no physical problems. they are randomly assigned to placebo group and drug group. And then, placebo or fluoxetine 20mg were administered to the subjects of each group during 8 week period. We have assessed their psychopathology and extrapyramidal symptoms using positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS), Clinical Global Impression(CGI), Simpson-Angus Scale at o, 2, 4, 6, 8 week during the period. RESULTS: 38 patients have completed the study during 8 week. 1) PANSS, CGI : no significant difference between groups and no significant change according to the times. 2) Simpson-Angus Scale : no significant changes. CONCLUSION: When co-administering fluoxetine and haloperidol, there were no significant changes of psychopathology and extrapyramidal symptoms. There results suggest that it is safe to coadminister fluoxetine to schizophrenic with haloperidol treatment.
Drug Interactions ; Fluoxetine* ; Haloperidol* ; Humans ; Psychopathology*

In order to evaluate psychiatric symptoms in survivors of the Sampoong accident, we interviewed 624 survivors of the accident. The most common complaint of the subjects was sleep disturbance(54.2%). And then, headache(31.8%), irritability and anger(23.3%), intense distress over reminders(24.2%) followed. Common somatic complaints were headache, chest discomfort, extremity pain, backache, and gastrointestinal discomfort. This study revealed that most of the subjects had various psychiatric symptoms after the Sampoong accident.
Back Pain ; Extremities ; Headache ; Humans ; Survivors* ; Thorax

PURPOSE: Septic arthritis is uncommon in neonates, and the diagnosis of septic arthritis in newborns is difficult because of non-specific laboratory findings and paucity of signs and symptoms. When appropriate treatment is delayed, permanant sequelae are inevitable. We report a retrospective study of 22 neonates who were diagnosed with septic arthritis. METHODS: We reviewed 22 patients, who were diagnosed with septic arthritis in the nursery room of Pusan National University Hospital, between July 1, 1995 and December 31, 2003. We investigated demographic features, predisposing factors, symptoms and signs, involving sites, diagnostic methods, laboratory findings, causative organisms, treatments and outcomes in these neonates. RESULTS: The mean age was 16.6 days(range 7-40 days). The male to female ratio was 1.44 : 1 with male predominance. Five of 22 neonates were prematurity. Eleven neonates were diagnosed with septic arthritis in hospitalization. Septic arthritis was multifocal in 22.7% and involved the hip joint most frequently(12 cases, 14 joints). Of diagnostic imaging studies, MRI was most sensitive, with four positivity in five cases. An etiologic organism was isolated from 11(50%) : Staphylococcus aure us, 7; GBS, 2; coagulase (-) staphylococcus, 1; Klebsiella pneumoniae 1. Of 13 surgical specimens from joint fluid, two were positive. Four neonates had sequelae over 1 year follow-up, three were in knee joints and one in the hip joint. CONCLUSION: Four of 22 neonates who suffered from septic arthritis had sequelae, two were premature and three were diagnosed in hospitalization. To decrease hospital-acquired infections would decrease the incidence of septic arthritis and the frequency of permanant sequelae in neonates.
Arthritis, Infectious* ; Busan ; Causality ; Coagulase ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Joint ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Joints ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Knee Joint ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Nurseries ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcus

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors and clinical features related to esophagitis and gastritis in the newborn. METHODS: From January 1995 to July 2002, twenty-six neonates were diagnosed as having esophagitis and/or gastritis. The clinical and demographic data of the patients and their mothers were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: Twelve males and 14 females were studied. All but one premature infant were full-term. All the babies had a birth weight that was appropriate for their gestational age. The risk factors related to esophagitis and gastritis were not found. The clinical symptoms leading to endoscopy were frequent regurgitation or vomiting, hematemesis and poor feeding. Esophagitis by itself was found in 4 cases, gastritis alone was found in 13 cases and esophagitis associated with gastritis was found in 9 cases. The endoscopic findings of esophagitis showed somewhat severe lesions that consisted of multiple erosions or a fibrinous exudate. The gastric lesions were petechiae and aphthous ulcers on congestive mucosa. All the infants were treated with antisecretory drugs, and transfusion was done in 4 cases and hemoclipping was done in 2 cases. The clinical symptoms resolved rapidly with treatment. All the patients fully recovered without disease recurrence. CONCLUSION: The clinical features and endoscopic findings of esophagogastritis in the neonates were quite different from those features and findings in the older children and adults. Esophagitis may be characterized by frequent association with gastritis.
Adult ; Birth Weight ; Child ; Endoscopy ; Esophagitis* ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Exudates and Transudates ; Female ; Fibrin ; Gastritis* ; Gestational Age ; Hematemesis ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Male ; Mothers ; Mucous Membrane ; Purpura ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stomatitis, Aphthous ; Vomiting

Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma complicated in diabetes mellitus has been a rare cause of rhabdomyolysis, although increasingly reported recently. Acute renal failure can be complicated in 15 percent of rhabdomyolysis patients, but is rare in the case of rhabdomyolysis caused by diabetic hyperosomolar nonketotic coma. We report a 14 years-old boy with acute renal failure complicated by rhabdomyolysis caused by diabetic hyperosmolar coma.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Adolescent ; Child* ; Coma* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Male ; Rhabdomyolysis*

Left atrial thrombus is frequently associated with rheumatic mitral valvular heart disease. Left atrial thrombus is usually attached to the atrial wall, but rarely it is freely floating in the cavity. In that case the patient may present with the symptoms of acute hemodynamic decompensation due to the so-called "hole-in-one" effect or multiple systemic embolism. We report a case of multiple systemic embolism associated with left atrial free-floating ball thrombus in mitral valvular heart disease.
Echocardiography ; Embolism* ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Thrombosis*

Myocardial bridging is defined that short segments of coronary artery descend into the myocardium for a variable distance and each systolic contraction of these fibers can cause narrowing of the artery. Systolic narrow-ing may rarely be caused by connective tissue such as fibrous band. Myocardial ischemia, infarction and sudden death may be seen in some patients with myocardial bridging. Myocardial infarction in association with isolated myocardial bridges with systolic narrowing is uncommon. We report a case of Q wave myocardial infarction in a patient with angiographic systolic narrowing at the middle segment left anterior descending coronary artery which was caused by fibrous band.
Arteries ; Connective Tissue ; Coronary Vessels ; Death, Sudden ; Humans ; Infarction ; Myocardial Bridging* ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Myocardium

Intracranial subdural hematoma is an exceptionally rare complication of spinal anesthesia. An 88-year-old female patient diagnosed with grade V uterine prolapse with rectocystocele received a vaginal hysterectomy and anteroposterior repair under spinal anesthesia. At 4 days postoperatively, she appeared to have decreased orientation, inappropriate behavior, and right side weakness grade III. Brain MR diffusion and CT revealed a bilateral subdural hematoma. She was improved after burr hole drainage. We report a case of intracranial subdural hematoma developing after spinal anesthesia, a rare complication.
Aged, 80 and over ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Brain ; Diffusion ; Drainage ; Female ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial ; Humans ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; Orientation ; Uterine Prolapse

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of selective median neurotomy (SMN) for spastic wrist and fingers. METHODS: We studied 22 patients with wrist and finger spasticity refractory to optimal oral medication and physical therapy. The authors evaluated spasticity of the wrist and finger muscles by comparing preoperative states with postoperative states using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS). We checked patients for changes in pain according to the visual analog scale (VAS) and degree of satisfaction based on the VAS. RESULTS: The preoperative mean MAS score was 3.27+/-0.46 (mean+/-SD), and mean MAS scores at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery were 1.82+/-0.5, 1.73+/-0.7, and 1.77+/-0.81 (mean+/-SD), respectively. On the last follow-up visit, the mean MAS score measured 1.64+/-0.9 (mean+/-SD). Wrist and finger spasticity was significantly decreased at 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation (p<0.01). The preoperative mean pain VAS score was 5.85+/-1.07 (mean+/-SD), and the mean pain VAS score on the last follow-up visit after surgery was 2.28+/-1.8 (mean+/-SD). Compared with the preoperative mean pain VAS score, postoperative mean pain VAS score was decreased significantly (p<0.01). On the basis of a VAS ranging from 0 to 100, the mean degree of patient satisfaction was 64.09+/-15.93 (mean+/-SD, range 30-90). CONCLUSION: The authors propose SMN as a possible effective procedure in achieving useful, long-lasting tone and in gaining voluntary movements in spastic wrists and fingers with low morbidity rates.
Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Muscle Spasticity ; Muscles ; Patient Satisfaction ; Wrist

Hemolytic property is a specific feature of bacteria to obtain iron which is essential for its survival in host tissues. Therefore, it is thought to be one of several factors of virulence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hemolytic properties of Prevotella nigrescens isolated from the teeth diagnosed as pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis under the presence of hemolysin inhibitors such as NaN3 and dithiothreitol, heat, various pH and cultural conditions. The results were as follows; 1. Clinically isolated P. nigrescens strains and standard P. nigrscens ATCC 33563 showed hemolytic activity. 2. P. nigrescens showed higher hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes than sheep or horse erythrocytes. 3. NaN3 and dithiothreitol (DTT) reduced the hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). 4. Optimal pH for the maximum hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens was 4.0 and the hemolysin was stable under the 50degrees C, but the hemolytic activity was significantly decreased at 95degrees C. 5. P. nigrescens cultured in 10% CO2 condition showed higher hemolytic activity than the bacteria cultured in the anaerobic condition.
Bacteria ; Dental Pulp Necrosis ; Dithiothreitol ; Erythrocytes ; Horses ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Iron ; Periapical Periodontitis ; Prevotella nigrescens* ; Prevotella* ; Sheep ; Sodium Azide ; Tooth ; Virulence